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COPYRIGHT 


THE CAMP FIRE GIRLS, Inc. 

First Printing, 1913 
Tenth Printing, 1922 
Revised Edition, 1924 



PRINTED BY 

THOS. B. BROOKS. Inc. 
New York 


THE BOOK OF THE 
CAMP FIRE GIRLS 



PUBLISHED BY 

THE CAMP FIRE GIRLS, Inc. 

NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS 

31 EAST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK CITY ' 


Nineteen Hundred and Twenty-four 





m 

THE LRU 

OF THE 


cnnp FIRE 


Seek Beauty 1 

£ 

Give Service ii 

Punue Kuouled^e 
BeTrustuortKi) 

¥ 

HoUontolSealtli 
Glorify Uorki 
Be Happ^iit 





©CI A 808778 NOV 13 *24 































TO THE MEN AND WOMEN WHO 
MADE CAMP FIRE POSSIBLE AND TO 
ALL GIRLS EVERYWHERE WHO WANT 
ITS WHITE MAGIC IN THEIR LIVES 



‘f.: 



RE-DEDICATION 

A Credo for Camp Fire Girls 

BELIEVE in the future; 

1 believe, therefore, in the To-day, 

And I try to make my life 
A joy to myself and 
A pleasure to those about me. 

I realize the destiny within me. 

I try to find the beautiful in life. 

And where it is not, I create beauty. 

I feel my responsibility as a citizen of a great nation; 

I feel my glory as one of the mothers of the new generation 
Which with new eyes and with steadier steps 
Will reach the high places that now 
Are but a purple haze on the horizon. 

I believe in the new womanhood 

Which combines the beauty of the old womanhood 

With citizenship and social consciousness. 

I know I am and hold within me the promise of the future. 
I realize my responsibility. 

I do not flinch nor falter. 

I am a Camp Fire Girl. 

R. W. 



6 









FOREWORD 


Girls, this book is yours. It has been planned and written 
for you just as the Handbook for Guardians of Camp Fire 
Girls was planned and written for leaders. 

In this book we have hoped to show you that there is some¬ 
thing in Camp Fire for all kinds of girls no matter how dif¬ 
ferently they live, dress, think, or talk. We have aimed also 
to communicate some of the enthusiasm that comes from doing 
things together as a group as well as the pleasure to be had 
from being yourselves and your best selves and of doing things 
well when you are working alone. 

If this book should make some of you want to experience the 
joy of living with Camp Fire ideals and of following the Camp 
Fire program, and if it should help others of you to find the 
activities you most want and need in order to be happier and 
healthier; if it should open new vistas or give you glimpses of 
new peaks, on the horizon or help you to lift your standards 
even a little higher, then the trees that were cut down to make 
this paper will not have been cut in vain. 

ROWE WRIGHT, 
Department of Publications, 

The Camp Fire Girls. 


7 



A Camp Fire Girl holds her standard high 
























CHAPTER 1 


THE IDEA OF CAMP FIRE 

What is this thing that we call Camp Fire ? What is there 
about these girls that we call Camp Fire Girls that makes them 
different from other girls? 

For Camp Fire Girls are different from other girls; there is 
a spring to their step, a lift to their heads, a light in their eyes 
that communicates a purpose and a joy in living that cannot 
be found in all girls. Camp Fire helps girls recapture part of 
the forgotten magic of the world. 

In this book we are going to tell you som^ of the things Camp 
Fire Girls do and are, tell you of their program, their honors, 
and their ranks, their council fire meetings and all the rest; 
but the secret of the magic we leave you to discover for your¬ 
selves. 

Camp Fire will give you friends just as it will test your 
powers of friendship; Camp Fire will give you fun, glorious 
fun out of doors in all kinds-of weather and indoors in your 
homes and at all kinds of parties. Camp Fire will open doors 
for you and point out new vistas; Camp Fire will give you 
hills, purple hills far off for dreaming and green and gold hills 
close by for climbing. And lastly Camp Fire will give you the 
strength for the climbing. 

Here are the keys to the rooms of the castle, the maps and 
the charts for the adventure and the quest. There is an abund¬ 
ance of beauty in the world, and it is you who must and will 
find it, and finding it, will preserve it for your children and 
theb children. 

The Camp Fire Ideals 

As you read through these pages, you will see the good 
times in store for you as a Camp Fire Girl. But there is 
more to the idea of Camp Fire than good times. 

We have hinted that there is magic; and what is true of all 
the world is true of Camp Fire, a part of its white magic is its 
ideals. And Camp Fire ideals are real ideals, and true and 
simple ones, but they are high as high and as deep as deep. 

9 


10 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

First is the law: Seek Beauty, Give Service, Pursue Knowl¬ 
edge, Be Trustworthy, Hold on to Health, Glorify Work, Be 
Happy. 

It gives us the recipe for a happy and serviceable life, 
doesn’t it? 

From the law we have taken our slogan, “Give Service.” 
Everywhere Camp Fire Girls are carrying their banners of 
service high. (See Chapter XIV.) 

Second is the watchword, “Wohelo,” a word made from the 
first two letters of the words “work,” “health” and “love.” 
They furnish a program for living. 

Third, the “Desires” of the three ranks (see pages 66, 69, 72) : 
They express a real philosophy and religion; the comradeship 
of friends, the love of man for God, and the desire to share 
with others the good and the beautiful^ things of the world. 

These are the ideals of Camp Fire. When you express your 
determination and desire to follow where they lead you, the 
magic begins; a lamp of Aladdin is in your hands, and a wide 
and glorious world of love and beauty and health and happiness 
is yours. 

The Beginnings 

Way back in 1911, several persons who were interested in 
girls, saw the need of an organization that did for girls what 
the organization of Boy Scouts was doing for boys. These peo¬ 
ple spent many hours formulating the principles and philosophy 
of Camp Fire. When we think of the beginnings of Camp 
Fire, then, we must think of this corps of educators, busy men 
and women, who did the first planning and formulating of the 
Camp Fire Idea. They were: 

Miss Lina Beard, Dr. Anna L. Brown, Mrs. Charles H. 
Farnsworth, Mrs. Charlotte V. Gulick, Dr. Luther Halsey 
Gulick, Mr. W. C. Langdon, Mr. and Mrs. Thompson Seton, 
Mrs. Justus Traut, Mr. James West, Dr. Mary Shenck Wool- 
man. 

The System of Honors all began by a very wise man and a 
very wise woman taking their family of three girls and one 
small boy up into the Maine woods for their summers. The 


11 


The Idea of Camp Fire 

children learned to swim, to dive, to paddle a canoe, to cook 
over an open fire, to love the four-footed and winged people 
of the woods and to know their habits, and best of all to be 
happy out of doors. 

At a camp in the woods, just as in most of our homes, there 
are certain things which have to be done in order that the 
family life may go on. There are meals to be cooked, beds to 
be made, wood to be cut, water to be fetched, and numerous 
other little and even greater tasks. Camping is not any fun if 
one person does all the chores and the others do nothing but 
camp. But as you all know, even the chores of camp become 
irksome just as soon as the novelty of doing them wears off. 
But these very wise parents. Dr. and Mrs. Luther Halsey 
Gulick, found a way to keep their children’s interest in the 
work that had to be done. By awarding small honors for each 
task which was well done, they made popular the pleasure of 
accomplishment. 

From these beginnings the great organization of the Camp 
Fire Girls grew. What had proved to bring so much happiness 
and benefit to the girls of this family, was enlarged and ex¬ 
tended so that it might do even greater things for all girls. 
And now they are giving it to you. It is your inheritance from 
the good men ^nd women who long ago did their work for you. 

The Girl and Her Group as 
Parts of Something Bigger 

Do you realize that there are hundreds of thousands of Camp 
Fire Girls and thousands of Guardians? In twenty-two dif¬ 
ferent countries throughout the world, there are Camp Fire 
Girls carrying out the program. The idea of Camp Fire can’t 
be limited to one type of girl in one country because girls all 
over want what Camp Fire has to give. ^ 

The germ of Camp Fire is international and if you rightly 
understand it, you pass it on in that way. You give each new 
girl who joins it an impression of it that merely begins wiih 
herself—an impression that does not end until it has taken in 
the whole world of girls. 


12 



Book of the Camp Fire Girls 


How can you explain it in any other way? The ideals of 
work, health, and love begin with you but they are not com¬ 
plete if they stop with you, your group, your community, your 
state, your nation, or even your continent. They must be made 
possible for all girl everywhere. 

So Camp Fire is bigger than Camp Fire in your community 
and in your state. It is international because its program holds 
what girls everywhere want. And each girl in your group and 
each group in your community are a part of this something 
which makes of the something bigger an international organi¬ 
zation. 

How are you going to make the new girl in your group real¬ 
ize that just as work and fitness for camp and consideration 
for one’s parents are important to you, they are important to 
her and to every other girl? Remember that though your 
group technically stops with maybe six or twenty girls, in the 
wider sense it includes every girl in the world. You learn 
this as you go through the Camp Fire program. 



Camp Fire nvill bring you the good and happy 
things of life 





CHAPTER II 



HOW TO BECOME A 
CAMP FIRE GIRL 


The Group 

The first thing that girls who are interested in Camp Fire 
want to know is how they can become members of the Organi¬ 
zation. You see friends and acquaintances of yours with their 
ceremonial gowns and their honor beads, their Camp Fire rings 
and pins and you wonder what it is all about. 

Becoming a Camp Fire Girl is a very simple process. If 
you are interested in it and determined to have a group, you 
need only get five friends and a leader to start with. You and 
your friends must be at least eleven years old. Most Camp 
Fire Girls are from eleven to twenty years old but there is no 
age limit after you are eleven. There are, of course, dues of 
$1.00 a year for every girl, but if you really want a Camp 
Fire, the dues will not keep you from getting it, for most 
Camp Fire Girls earn the money to pay their dues. 

Camp Fire Groups are often organized in schools or churches, 
settlements, or recreation centers. You may be a member of 
a Sunday school class or a grade school class or of a club that 
wishes to carry on the Camp Fire program. This makes form¬ 
ing a group very simple because you have your girls banded 
together in the first place. 

The Guardian or Leader of the Group 

The older girl or woman whom you ask to be your Guardian 
must be at least eighteen years of age. Sometimes girls have 
difficulty in finding a leader, but it would be too bad for you 
and five of your friends to want a Camp Fire and not be able 


13 







■iX 












> .•: •\':<' 


Alon^ the road that leads the way; our hearts are light, our courage high 









Getting Started 15 

to have one for this reason. Surely there is a mother, an older 
sister, or a teacher you know who particularly likes and under¬ 
stands the things that you want to do. Why not ask her to be 
your Guardian? Or if there is already a Camp Fire in your 
community, ask the Guardian to lead yours and get one of her 
older girls to act as her helper or assistant. 

Supposing that you ask your mother to be the leader of your 
group because you have such good times with her. She may 
say to you that she is too busy with things at home to do it. 
Tell her that she can have an assistant who will relieve her 
of some of the actual duties and work with her in carrying 
out your plans. Then find another person to work with her 
and share the responsibility. Don’t let her refuse because she 
is too busy if all the girls want her and she is interested in 
the work. 

First she or one of you must write to the National Head¬ 
quarters of the Camp Fire Girls, 31 East 17th Street, New 
York City, for an application blank. As soon as her applica¬ 
tion for Guardianship is in, she will learn about the various 
duties. Tell her that there is a book {The Handbook for 
Guardians, $1.00, Camp Fire Outfitting Company, 197 Greene 
Street, New York City) written especially to make her work 
easier for her. She will also receive a copy of The Guardian 
and EverygkVs Magazine each month. A great deal of printed 
material will be sent her which will help your group to get 
started. 

If your grade school class, for example, is interested in 
Camp Fire, you may have to divide it up into several groups. 
No Camp Fire group can contain more than twenty members. 
As soon as it has overgrown its quota of twenty, a new group 
must be formed. But it is all the more interesting to have 
several groups working side by side competing to turn out the 
best handcraft work, the finest results in camping, the earning 
of money, and even better, working together to give service 
and to do well other parts of the Camp Fire program. 

Dues 

Every time you join anything nowadays you expect to pay 
dues. Camp Fire is like all other organizations in this respect. 


16 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

The dues of a dollar a year for every girl are reckoned not 
from the time you yourself become a member but from the 
time the dues from your group are sent in. 

It is important that you pay promptly so that you do not 
hold back the dues of your group and they can be sent in on 
time. If you are tardy or your group is late in paying, it is 
dropped from the active list at Headquarters and you do not 
receive the material you are entitled to have for your Camp 
Fire. To be Camp Fire Girls of a group not in good standing 
(dues not paid) is like stealing a ride on the railroad train, 
taking the seat of someone who has bought a ticket. 

When new members come into your group after the group 
dues have been sent in, they must pay their dues just the same 
before they can be recorded as members. The only exception to 
this is girls who join within six months of the date when the 
group dues are next due. In this case they pay half-yearly 
dues or fifty cents a girl. Your secretary, in the Guardian’s 
name, must send National Headquarters the name, age, and 
dues of the new member immediately. 

If girls drop out after the group dues have been paid, new 
girls who come in may take advantage of the unexpired dues. 
Additional dues are necessary only when you have more mem¬ 
bers in your group than dues have been paid for. So you see 
the girls in your Camp Fire can change and if the number 
does not increase, no more dues are necessary. National Head¬ 
quarters must always be notified of these changes so that the 
records can be kept accurate. 

Absent Members 

Supposing you should go away to school or move to another 
town but still want to remain a member of your Camp Fire 
Group. You may continue your membership by paying your 
dues. Submit your requirements for honors and ranks to your 
Guardian. As an absent member you will not count in the 
twenty who are entitled to membership in your group but you 
will be an active member. 


Getting Started 


17 


Transferred Members 

If you wish to transfer your membership from the Camp 
Fire you first belonged to to one in another town to which 
you are moving, you will receive full credit for all the ranks 
and honors you won which are properly recorded. Your old 
Guardian should send your record to the new Guardian. The 
matter of your dues when you transfer your membership must 
be settled through your new Guardian with Headquarters. 

Supplies 

There are certain things which all Camp Fire Girls are 
interested in owning. The ring, for example, is the insignia 
for membership. It costs fifty cents and you are entitled to 
it after your dues have been paid. The blue enameled three- 
cornered pin also tells people that you are a member of a Camp 
Fire group. Some girls prefer to Wear the pin rather than 
the ring. Many girls wear both. 

The ceremonial gown is a very distinctive part of Camp 
Fire and is worn at all Council Fires or ceremonial meetings. 
Its decoration tells the record of your achievements and the 
ranks which you have won. Planning its decoration and its 
improvement is a process which ought never to stop with any 
Camp Fire Girl. More is told about the gown in Chapter V. 

The ceremonial gown need not be bought at once. It is the 
insignia for the rank of Wood Gatherer and need not be 
bought until the girl is ready to take that rank if she so wishes. 

When she buys the ring, a credit slip is sent from the Camp 
Fire Outfitting Company which should be kept until the gown 
is ordered. This is a credit slip for fifty cents on the gown 
and therefore reduces the price of the gown fifty cents. Many 
groups work as a group to earn the money for their gowns, 
as well as for their dues. 

These special supplies and others you can order from the 
Camp Fire Outfitting Company, 197 Greene Street, New York 
City. If you examine the catalogue which they will send you 
upon request, you will find that there are many other special 
kinds of Camp Fire equipment which you can purchase from 


18 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

them. Other supplies, like camp or craft equipment, you can 
secure very reasonably by patronizing the advertisers in Every- 
girVs Magazine, 

Meetings 

Your Camp Fire group holds weekly meetings. There is 
no set program which you are obliged to follow. The meetings 
vary to fit the activities of the group. Hikes and outdoor 
meetings are possible in some communities all year round, in 
others only during certain seasons. 

Council Fires or Ceremonial Meetings are held at least once 
every two months except at camp. Here it is well to hold 
them weekly because there are special honors to be awarded 
and ranks to be conferred. 

You can never exhaust the possibilities for making your 
meetings interesting. Outdoors or indoors, no two should be 
alike. All can represent some phase of your Camp Fire pro¬ 
gram that you take up as a group, and draw together the 
experience you have as individual Camp Fire Girls working 
out your honors in the seven crafts. Talk over with your 
Guardian your program for the year. With her you can plan 
your activities. 

Where to Hold Meetings 

Sometimes girls think they can not become Camp Fire Girls 
because they would have no place to hold their meetings. 
Many groups hold them in the girls’ homes, taking turns. 
Others hold them in church parlors, in school rooms, or some 
even in a barn or garage. 

If you have no place available, go to the school superinten¬ 
dent or the Mayor and tell him about Camp Fire. Ask him 
to let you use a room in one of the city buildings. Oftentimes 
the Chambers of Commerce lend the girls a room for their 
meetings and parties. Never think anything is impossible. If 
you have determination, you can have Camp Fire at its best. 


CHAPTER III 


HONORS 



The first thing a Camp Fire Girl does after her group is 
registered at National Headquarters (see pages 15-16) is to 
begin working for honors, for the honors are the framework 
or skeleton of all the Camp Fire program. 

“Honors” are things to be done—sometimes little things and 
sometimes big things. They have been grouped under seven 
headings called “Crafts” and each craft has a symbolic color. 
When an honor has been won, that is, when the requirements 
for the winning of that honor have been fulfilled, as recogni¬ 
tion of the winning of that honor, or the doing well of the 
stint it represents, the girl receives a wooden bead, the color 
of the craft to which the honor belongs. These honor beads 
are records of attainment, and are used as decoration on the 
ceremonial gown (see page 84). 

These seven crafts are: 

Home Craft—(Flame honor beads, the flame being symbolic of 
the flame of the hearth.i 

Health Craft—(Red honor beads, the red being symbolic of 
the red blood of health.) 

Camp Craft—(Brown honor beads, brown being symbolic of 
the brown of the earth and the trunks of the trees and 
the woods.) 

Hand Craft—(Green honor beads, green being symbolic of 
creation and growing things.) ^ 

Nature Craft—(Blue honor beads, blue being symbolic of the 
sky which is the cover of all nature. 

Citizenship and Patriotism—(Red, white, and blue honor beads! 
the national colors, symbolic of patriotism.) 

Because there are so many kinds of Camp Fire Girls of all 


19 


20 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

ages, living in so nnany kinds of homes, and doing so many 
kinds of things, there are a great many kinds of honors. Nat¬ 
urally all girls don’t (want to do the same sort of things and 
do not have to do the same things; that is why there are 
honors varied enough to fit all the “wants” and “have-to’s” 
in a girl’s world. 

And of course a girl eleven years old cannot do something 
as difficult as can a girl of fourteen or sixteen or eighteen 
years. So there must be easier honors and harder honors, 
as well as city honors and town and country honors, and 
honors for girls working in factories and for girls living at 
home and going to school. 

And then because we all get tired of doing the same things 
over and over forever, and because it is so much fun discov¬ 
ering new things we can do well, there must be enough honors 
to allow us to go adventuring and exploring and trying our 
wings. 

You will find enough things you can do, listed among the 
elective honors to enable you to win some honors right away 
without any special effort. And you will find enough inter¬ 
esting things that you have not yet tried to do, that seem 
easy enough as they are written down, to intrigue you into 
trying for many more. And so you will go on and on, until 
the first thing you know, you have fulfilled the requirements for 
Wood Gatherer or Fire Maker or Torch Bearer (see Chap. 
IV). Then you will be a Camp Fire Girl indeed. 

Whether or not you have really won an honor rests of course, 
with your Guardian and yourself. There will be no one stand¬ 
ing behind you to see whether or not you really keep .your 
bureau drawers as neatly as you can or to check you up to see 
whether you really did help with getting the meals for the 
family as you said you did. For many of your honors you 
yourself will be the only person to judge whether or not you 
deserve the honor bead. The Camp Fire ideals will help you 
make your judgment fair. Whether or not you have fulfilled 
the requirements for others, your Guardian will have to decide 
and you must respect her decision. It is an excellent plan to 
talk over with your Guardian the honors you are working for. 
She will give you helpful suggestions and advice. 


Honors 


21 


% 

You will notice that most of the honors are “doing” honors 
and that very few are just “knowing” honors. That is because 
it is the spirit and ideal o_f Camp Fire that there is really very 
little value in knowing how to do things if you cannot actually 
do them, and that doing therefore includes knowing. What is 
the purpose of knowing how to swim if you really cannot swim 
in water? It is like the old rhyme, isn’t it, of 

Mother, may I go out to swim?” 

*‘Yes, my darling daughter. 

Hang your clothes on a hickory limb, 

But don’t go near the water.” 

Camp Fire believes in going not only near but actually in and 
in splashing around and doing it again and again until you can 
swim and swim well. 

Now you are ready to begin. Look down the list of honors; 
Home Craft Honors first, perhaps, or Health Craft. Immedi¬ 
ately you will find things you can do or are doing all the time, 
only you never thought of them as something you could get 
credit for. 

And after a while don’t forget to adventure and explore in 
all the crafts, in all the divisions of the crafts. It is fun being 
able to do many things and many kinds of things. And don’t 
forget that there is real inner satisfaction to be gained, which 
is pleasant enough to try for, in doing whatever you do as well 
as you are able to do it. When you know you have done your 
very best, you know and your Guardian knows that you have 
won more than honor beads or ranks. 

For your convenience we have given certain groups of honors, 
certain other names to distinguish them from the ordinary list 
of elective honors. These are: 

Required Honors 

When you are working for ranks, as you will soon want to 
be doing, you will be fulfilling certain requirements (see Chap. 
IV). These requirements are called Required Honors, and for 
each requirement you receive one purple honor bead. For in¬ 
stance, when you become a Wood Gatherer, you receive not only 


22 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

the fourteen elective honor beads for the elective honors won 
under the eleventh requirement but also eleven purple honor 
beads for fulfilling the eleven requirements for rank. 

Big Honors 

The winning of these honors is recognized by a large wooden 
bead the color of the craft. Each Big Honor represents a “pack¬ 
age” or “bundle” or group of honors and is planned to help the 
girls in making their choice of honors. 

Only Fire Makers or Torch Bearers may work for Big 
Honors, as they are part of the requirements for the rank of 
Torch Bearer. As the requirements for Big Honors were 
changed at the National Convention and Conference in April, 
1924, no Big Honors won previously to September i, 1924, can 
be considered as requirement for Torch Bearer rank. Elective 
honors won prior to September i, 1924, may go toward Big 
Honors under the new requirements. 

In each craft one-third of the honors required for one Big 
Honor must have been won for the first time or be repeat honors 
won in new ways. Honors marked * R. 

/ The honors must be chosen from the groupings in each craft 
as stated below. 

Home, twelve elective honors divided in the following manner: 
Cooking, two; housekeeping, two; care of children, two; care 
of sick, one; laundry, one; marketing, one; leadership, two; 
choice of one Home Honor in any division. 

Health, nine elective honors divided in the following manner: 
Exercise, two; first aid, two; hygiene, two; outdoor sports, two; 
choice of one Health Honor from any division. 

Camp, nine elective honors divided in the following manner: 
Fire lore, two; outdoor cooking, two; backwoods craft, two; 
choice of three Camp Craft Honors from any division. 

Hand, nine elective honors divided in the following manner: 
Decoration, two; sewing, three; some division of hand craft 
which covers actual construction, like weaving, metal or leather 
work, wood carving, etc., two; choice of two Hand Craft Honors 
from any division. 

Nature, nine elective honors divided in the following manner: 


Honors 23 

Bird lore, two; gardening, one; plants, trees, etc., three; choice 
of three honors from other two different divisions. 

Business, six elective honors, chosen at will. 

Citizenship, nine elective honors divided in the following 
manner; Community service, two; mind, two; historical, one; 
^ndian history, one; choice of three other Citizenship Honors. 

Local Honors 

Many groups have special needs or opportunities that are not 
provided for under the elective honors in connection with which 
it seems wise to offer some honor. Any Camp Fire may create 
local honors and award special beads or other emblems for such 
honors. These local honors do not, however, count toward the 
ranks. 

The Local Honor beads can be bought from the Camp Fire 
Outfitting Company. They are uncolored and can be painted 
with symbols by the Guardian in many ways. Many groups 
make Local Honors by painting small pieces of leather. 

The most satisfactory way is to have stencils or linoleum 
blocks cut in the design of the Local Honor. These blocks should 
belong to the group. Then as a girl wins the Local Honor she 
may put the design on her ceremonial gown as part of the 
decoration. 

Honor Certificate Blanks 

Sometimes the girls want some formal way to keep the record 
of their honors won at home. Sometimes the girls realize that 
they can interest their parents or teachers in the Camp Fire 
program if the parents and teachers can take some part in the 
program. For both such cases Honor Certificate Blanks are 
obtainable in blocks of twenty-five from the Camp Fire Outfitting 
Company. These are record blanks and have a place for the 
signatures of the parents or teachers under whose supervision 
the work was done. 

Code for Elective Honors 

Honor beads for the elective honors listed below are awarded 
in three ways: 

I. An honor marked with one or more asterisks entitles the 


24 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

winner to as many beads as there are asterisks; i. e., * one 
bead, ** two beads. Such honors may not be repeated unless 
marked with an R or O. If so marked, as many beads should 
be given each time the honor is won as there are asterisks. 

II. *R Repeat for rank. An honor marked thus may be 
repeated any number of times provided each time the honor is 
won in a new way, e. g., “Use a chafing dish in the preparation 
of four appetizing dishes.” When won a second time the dishes 
must be different from those presented the first time. Each time 
the honor may count for rank. 

III. * O Honors marked thus may be repeated indefinitely 
and the bead awarded each time they are won. For example, 
a girl receives her honor for walking forty miles in ten days 
and it counts towards rank. She may win this over and receive 
a bead each time, but the repetitions do not count for rank. 

You will notice that many honors may be repeated as many 
times as you desire. You may in time get a long string of 
Home Craft Beads which will represent only doing two or three 
things over and over again. It is a good plan, therefore, to 
try for as many kinds of honors in each craft as possible, so 
that your honor beads will represent many kinds of Home Craft 
Honors, for instance, instead of repetitions of one or two tasks 
that have become easy and habitual for you. ' 

IV. Honors for Camp Fire work are counted from the date 
on which the complete application (charter fee and dues) are 
received at National Headquarters and during the time the 
group is in good standing (page i6). 

V. System of numbering honors. With this edition of the 
Book of the Camp Fire Girls the numbering of Elective Honors 
has been changed and simplified. The honors in each craft 
begin with one hundred and each division under each craft has 
a different hundred. For instance, all cooking honors are Home 
Craft Honors, 100-200; all Housekeeping Honors are Home 
Craft Honors, 200-300; all Decoration Honors are Hand Craft 
Honors, ' ioa-200, etc. 

When designating an honor the craft must be stated each 
time, as Home Craft 350 or Health Craft 350. 


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26 


Book of the Camp Fire Girls 


ELECTIVE HONORS 

HOME CRAFT 

Flame Colored Honors 

Cooking 

Home Honors — 100-200 

101 Make two kinds of bread and two kinds of cake.*R 

102 Cook meat in four ways: roast, broil, fricassee, boil.*R 

103 Cook left-over meats in four ways.*R 

104 Cook three common vegetables each in three ways.*R 1 

105 Make two kinds of soup with milk, and two with meat.*R 

106 Prepare four salads, making at least two kinds of dressing.*R 

107 Prepare eggs in four different ways.*R 

108 Prepare four desserts: one gelatine, one boiled, one baked, and 

one frozen.*R 

109 Gather two quarts of wild berries or fruits and make them into 

a dessert.*R 

110 Can, preserve, or pickle three different kinds of fruits or vege¬ 

tables .*r 

111 Use a fireless cooker successfully in cooking cereals, meat, and 

vegetables.* 

112 Use a chafing dish in the preparation of four appetizing dishes.*R 

113 Help with cooking three meals a day for one month in a home.*o 

114 Take instructions in a home once a week for two months, actually 

doing the cooking.*o 

115 Make two pounds of butter a week for two months.*o 

116 Pick, dress and cook a fowl.*o 

117 Cook, and serve two Sunday dinners while mother rests .*0 

118 Bait the hook, catch, clean, and cook a fish.*o 

119 Make four kinds of pie and four kinds of cookies.* 

120 Make four kinds of candy, such as fudge, taffy, cooked or un¬ 

cooked fondant.* 

121 Make one-quarter pound of maple sugar. This is to include the 

whole process from the selection of the trees to the boiling 
down of the sap.* 

122 Cook one meal a day for one month .*0 

123 Prepare three desserts or breakfast dishes, using a different kind 

of dried fruit each time.*o 

124 Prepare beans, rice, lentils, cornmeal, and samp (or hominy), each 

in two ways.* 

125 For three consecutive hours prepare fruit for canning.* 

126 At different times, make and serve tea, coffee and cocoa; and tell 

which is the most healthful and why.* 


Honors 


27 


127 Make four kinds of biscuits, rolls, scones, or muffins.^R 

128 Prepare and cook fish in four ways.*R 

129 Prepare and cook four foreign dishes.* 

130 Make four sauces or gravies for fish or meat.*R 

131 Can, pickle, and preserve a produce to an amount of two quarts 

canned, two quarts pickled, and two quarts preserved.*R 

132 Can two dozen quart jars of produce raised yourself.*o 

133 Prepare an appetizing, well-balanced meal for a person who is 

trying to reduce weight.* 

134 Prepare an appetizing, well-balanced meal for a person who is 

trying to gain weight.* 

Housekeeping 

Home Honors — 200-400 

201 Write out an appetizing, balanced, vegetarian diet for one week.* 

202 Write out a menu for three weeks suitable for a school girl who 

is inclined to be too stout.* 

203 Write out a menu for three weeks suitable for a school girl who 

is inclined to be too thin.* 

204 Give an example of five expensive and five inexpensive foods 

having high energy or tissue forming value. Do the same for 
foods having little energy or tissue forming value.* 

205 Prepare a balanced menu and superintend cooking for one month 

m the home.*o 

206 Care for floors, walls, carpets, rugs, hardwood, and upholstered 

furniture, as it should be done for the regular house-cleaning.* 

207 Sweep and dust, using two kinds of sweeping or dusting com¬ 

pounds, moist cloths, dust absorbing cloths, and a vacuum 
©leaner.* 

208 Properly dispose of waste and garbage from the home for one 

week and know its proper disposal by the city.* 

209 Air and make one bed a day for two months.*o 

210 Wash and wipe dishes and leave the dining room in order, after 

one meal a day, for two months.*© (Two girls may share the 
work continuing it through twice the time, to obtain equivalent 
honors.) 

211 Take entire care of one room for one month, this to include 

sweeping, dusting, washing of windows, care of flowers or of 
plants, and what may be desirable for the attractiveness of the 
room.*o. This may be the club room of the Camp Fire Girls. 
(Two girls may share the work, continuing it through twice the 
time, to obtain equivalent honors.) 

212 Put away clothing, rugs, furs, blankets, for the summer.* 

213 Take instruction in a neighbor’s house for one morning a week, 

for two months, actually doing house work.*o 

214 Learn the care of chinaware, silver, glass, pots, pans, aluminum 

ware, lamps, copper utensils.* 


28 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

215 Scrub a floor once a week for two months.*o 

216 Take entire charge of a pantry for one month.^o 

217 Clean an ice-chest thoroughly twice a week for two months during 

the summer .*0 

218 Keep bureau drawers in order for three months.*o 

219 Care for at least two kerosene lamps every day for a month.*o 

220 Take care of the milk and cream from at least one cow, and see 

that the pails and pans are properly cleaned, for two months.*o 

221 Repack a faucet.* 

222 Install an electric bell and keep it in repair for three months.* 

223 Build a fire in a furnace or range and care for it for two days.*o 

224 Make a useful household invention .*r 

225 Take entire care of a household for one week, allowing the mother 

to go on a visit or vacation.*o 

226 Set and clear the table for one meal each day for two months.*o 

227 Take care of a kitchen range for one month, including removal of 

ashes, building of fires, and keeping the stove clean.*o 

228 Make three pounds of soap.* 

229 Keep bedroom closet in order for two months. *r 

230 At a Camp Fire meeting, properly wrap and tie three packages: a 

box, a soft article, and a fragile article.* 

231 Make a useful household appliance for the care of health, and the 

prevention of disease.*R 

232 Paint, varnish or wax floor of a roora.*o 

233 Carry in fuel for the home every day for two months.*o 

Radio 

Home Honors — 400-500 

401 Construct a crystal radio- set and be able to hear over it.* 

402 Wire a complete tube set without help and make it work.* 

403 Be able to send and receive 10 words a minute in the Inter¬ 

national Morse Code.* 

404 Listen to, and send to your Guardian a complete written report 

of three worthwhile addresses heard over the radio .*0 

405 Give a talk to your group on the development of the radio and its 

uses.* 

406 Give a talk to your group on the radio in foreign lands.* 

407 Make and install a crystal or tube set for an invalid .*0 

Care of Children 

Home Honors — 500-600 

501 Entertain three or more children for two hours a week for at 

least two months .*0 

502 Prepare food for a nine months old baby for a week, using 

necessary hygienic precautions. Know how milk for a growing 
child should be tested .*0 


Honors 


29 


503 Know how much a baby should gain in weight each week for the 

first six months, in height for each month for the first year, and 
the relation of weight to disease and vitality,* 

504 Know and describe three kinds of baby cries and know what each 

means.* 

505 Care for a baby for an average of one hour a day for one month.*0 

506 Make a set of practical playthings for a child three years old.*o 

507 Bathe and dress a baby or small child twenty-five different times.*o 

508 Conduct a children’s story hour three times in two weeks.** 

Care of Sick 
Home Honors — 600-700 

601 Prepare a gruel, a cereal, an eggnog, and milk toast, and arrange 

an invalid’s tray attractively.* 

602 Make delicacies for the sick, or get flowers, and send, where needed, 

through the National Plant, Flower and Fruit Guild, or some 
other distributing organization.* 

603 Make up a bed for a baby, a bed with a draw sheet for a very sick 

patient, and know the proper airing and changing of a bed.* 

604 Arrange a sick-room to make it sanitary and calculated to give the 

greatest possible comfort to patient and usefulness to doctor and 
nurses.* 

605 Use a clinical thermometer to obtain the temperature of an adult 

and of an infant; tell the temperatures indicating normal, fever, 
and dangerous fever conditions.* 

606 Give the common symptoms of scarlet fever, diphtheria, whooping- 

cough, measles, tuberculosis; also home care and prevention of 
these diseases.* 

607 Make six visits a month for three months to sick in homes, hospi¬ 

tals, or other institutions.*o 

608 Make mustard plaster and two kinds of poultices,* 

609 Properly fill an ice bag and a hot water bag.* 

610 Send to “shut-ins” flowers, fruit, or jelly, sending a personal note 

with each.*o 

Laundering 

Home Honors — 700-800 

701 Help with, four family washings, this to include complete proccss.*o 

702 Iron for eight hours in two months .*0 

703 Wash and iron a blouse and a skirt.*o 

704 Wash and iron a lingerie dress .*0 

705 Press a suit, or a skirt and coat.*o 

706 Remove three common stains from washable material; two spots 

from non-washable material.* 

707 Use two agents for softening water, two soaps in different ways, 

two kinds of starch in different ways, two methods of bluing, 
and two household methods of bleaching.* 


30 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

708 Do all your own washing for two months.*© 

709 Do all your own ironing for two months.*o 

710 Dry-clean a dress, suit, or coat, or three small articles.*© 

Marketing 

Home Honors — 800-900 

801 Describe characteristics, identify, and select six chief cuts of meat; 

also know the market price for each.* 

802 Market for one week on three and one-half dollars per person, 

keeping accounts and records of menus, etc.*o 

803 Do the same on four dollars.*© 

804 Do the same on five dollars.*© 

805 Know the best season for the chief fruits and vegetables available 

in your locality, and a reasonable price for each .* 

806 Know the way flour, sugar, rice, cereals, crackers and breads are 

sold—packages, bulk, etc.,—prices, dangerous and common adul¬ 
terations.* 

807 Know how to secure full weight and pure food.* 

Care of Animals About House and Farm 
Home Honors — 900-1000 

901 Take care of a'cat, dog, birds, or a tame animal for three months, 

know what harm they do, what diseases each may carry, and how 
the latter may be treated. 

902 Demonstrate the nature and value of some one factor in heredity 

or environment in some strain of animals, e.g., chickens, dogs. 
(Effect of health, breeding, endurance, length of life, color, 
form, or effects of altered food, exercise, out-of-doors .)*r 

903 Clear at least $10 a year in raising poultry. 

904 Hatch and raise to six weeks, one dozen chickens from fifteen eggs 

set under a hen.*R 

905 Distinguish six varieties of chickens, and tell the good and weak 

points of each variety.* 

906 Distinguish six varieties of cattle, and tell the good and weak 

points of each variety. 

907 Milk a cow for one month .*0 

908 Care for a cow for one month .*0 

909 Run an incubator and hatch chickens successfully.* 

910 Clean a chicken house .*0 

911 Take complete charge of feeding live stock for one month.*© 

912 Take care of a horse and supervise the care of the stable for at 

least one month.* 


Honors 


31 


Social Leadership 

Home Honors — 1000-1200 

1001 Sing weekly in chorus or glee club for UOt less than three 

months.*o 

1002 Sing in a quartette, glee club, or organized chorus for not less 

than eight hours in any one month.^o 

1003 Memorize and sing alone, five folk songs.*R 

1004 Play any musical instrument in an orchestra, reading the music, 

for not less than eight hours in any one month .*0 

1005 Play from memory, on any instrument, five pieces as difficult as 

Schumann’s “Scenes from Childhood,” for the piano. *r 

1006 Play the piano or organ for one Sabbath service each week for 

three months .*0 

1007 Play the accompaniment for school exercises on any instrument 

for not less than eight hours in any one month.*o 

1008 Commit to memory and recite five hundred lines of standard 

poetry.* 

1009 Commit to memory and recite an equivalent amount of standard 

prose, such as an oration, essay, or story. *r 

1010 Brighten hospitals or family, other than your own, with flowers 

from your garden once every week for three months.* 

1011 Take responsible part in Daughter-Dad Hike that your group 

gives.* 

1012 Take responsible part in Mother-Daughter Party that your group 

gives.* 

101254 Have your own booth at a bazaar, getting contributions of articles 
for sale, attending to the decoration, sales, etc.*o 

1013 Write a story, a poem, or words of a song which is either pub¬ 

lished or adopted for use.*R 

1014 Have entire charge of two programs for the weekly meetings of a 

Camp Fire.*R 

1015 Have a party of ten with refreshments costing not more than $2.50, 

keep accounts.*o 

IO 1 I 6 Know and tell five standard folk stories. *r 

1017 Write and help give a play.*R 

1018 Plan and give a pantomime entertainment. *r 

1019 Teach a boy to dance any four of the following dances; Virginia 

Reel, Portland Fancy, Lady of the Lake, Howe’s (or Hull’s) 
Victory, Pop Goes the Weasel, Chorus Jig, Lancers, Boston 
Fancy, French Reel, German Hopping Dance, Varsouvienne, 
Furetur, Gottland’s Quadrille.* 

1020 Each member of a Camp Fire who participates in carrying out a 

party, or hike, including at least as many others (either boys 
or girls) as Camp Fire Girls, may receive one honor. (This 
work must be well planned and organized, and each member 
given special duties. The Guardian must approve the plans, 
but the party or hike must be really in the hands of the girls .)*0 


32 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

1021 Set properly and beautifully a table for guests, designir^ menus, 

place cards, candle shades .*r 

1022 Serve two formal meals for guests. This may be combined with 

Fire Makers requirement No. 3. (The standard must be the 
highest the girls know.) 

1023 Conduct six evenings for the family. This means planning and 

carrying out the entertainment which will interest and have the 
cooperation of the family .*r 

1024 Play on a bugle from memory at least five customary bugle calls. 

(Reveille, Assembly, Mess, Taps, or others commonly used in 
camps.) 

1025 Put on a successful entertainment, the work to include the train¬ 

ing of the girls and the management of the performance.* to **R 

1026 Take part in a play of one or more acts, or contribute some 

definite feature of the entertainment .*r 

1027 Repeat from memory the words of a Candle Lighting Ceremony, 

The Ode to Fire, and two Camp Fire songs.* 

1028 Write the words of a song, or a poem that is accepted by the 

group.* 

1029 Plan and carry out an evening’s social program, getting others to 

assist and making each person responsible for son e particular 
feature. *0 

1030 Act successfully the part of Santa Claus at a Christmas Tree 

Party.* 

1031 Be entirely responsible on two occasions for collecting and re¬ 

turning costumes for a play or pageant.*o 


Exercise 


HEALTH CRAFT 

Red Honors 


Health Craft Honors—100-200 

101 Play any of the following games for not less than twelve hours in 

any one month. Team Games: hockey, volley ball, basket ball, 
archery, baseball, soccer, prisoner’s base, captain ball.*o 

102 Other games (to be played an equal number of hours). Tennis, 

golf, bowling, run sheep run, hide and seek, pussy wants a 
corner, three deep, blind man’s buff, drop the handkerchief, red 
rover, fox and hounds, quoits, duck on the rock.*o (Games 
adapted for girls and having standard rules prepared like basket 
ball and baseball are to be played according to such rules.) 

103 Play singing or dancing games for not less than fifteen hours in 

any one month .*0 

104 Operate and care for motor boat without help or advice for one 

hundred miles.*o (In any one season.) 

105 Saddle, bridle, mount and ride a horse in correct form, using 

three gaits.* 


Honors 33 

106 Ride horseback forty miles in any five days.*o (Not necessarily 

consecutive.) 

107 Mountain climbing. Make an ascent of two thousand feet and re¬ 

turn to starting level .*r 

108 Bicycle forty miles in any five days.*o (Not necessarily con¬ 

secutive.) 

109 Walk forty miles in any ten days.*o (Not necessarily consecutive.) 

This means tramping in the country or walking to and from 
school or business. 

110 Take seven hours of outdoor exercise a week for three months .*0 

111 Operate and care for an automobile without help or advice, for 

five hundred miles.*o (In any one season). 

112 Know any five standard folk dances. *r 

113 Harness a horse to a cart and drive correctly.* 

114 Participate in track meet or field day.*o 

115 During any four months, attend four hikes of the Camp Fire.*o 

116 Pass all requirements for Girl’s Athletic Badge; 1 st test badge,* 

second test badge,** 3rd test badge.*** (Playground and Re¬ 
creation Association of America Tests, 1 Madison Avenue, New 
York City.) 

First Aid 

Health Honors — 200-300 

201 Win emblem of the Red Cross (Junior or Senior Grades) or 

National Association of Directors of Girls Camps Senior Life 
Saving Standards.* 

202 Demonstrate in the water 3 methods of release; and the Schafer 

method of resuscitation on land.* 

203 Rescue an apparently dazed person 50 feet from shore using an 

approved carry.* 

204 Earn diploma, certificate, or medal of the National Red Cross 

Society, or joint diploma of the American Red Cross and the 
Young Women’s Christian Association for First Aid.*R 

205 Demonstrate the proper clothing and treatment of feet to prevent 

blisters on a long hike.* 

206 Demonstrate, and know the use of iodine, and boracic acid. De¬ 

scribe three kinds of wounds and how to treat them.* 

207 Demonstrate three ways of using the triangular and the roller 

bandage; also the use of the tourniquet.* 

208 Demonstrate how to improvise a stretcher and to carry a person on 

it.* 

Personal Hygiene 
Health Honors — 300-400 

301 Be free from every indication of a cold for two consecutive months 

between October and April, inclusive .*0 

302 Do not miss school or work because of ill health or headaches for 

three consecutive months .*0 


34 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

303 Abstain from chewing gum and from candy, ice cream, sundaes, 

sodas, and commercially manufactured beverages, as well as from 
eating between meals, for two consecutive months.*o 

304 Sleep out of doors or with wide open windows, for two consecutive 

months between October and April, inclusive.*o 

305 Relax completely for fifteen minutes during the day, sixty times 

in ten weeks.*o 

306 Take a glass of cold water the first thing in the morning, the last 

thing at night, and between meals, for sixty days, in any ten 
consecutive weeks.*o 

307 Take ten minutes’ exercise, including deep breathing either out-of- 

doors or in front of an open window, at least sixty times in ten 
weeks .*0 

308 Take a cold water bath or quick-rub every morning, with three 

minutes’ setting-up exercises, for sixty days, in any ten consecu¬ 
tive weeks.*o 

309 Take five minutes’ deep breathing, drink a glass of water, bathe 

feet in tepid or hot water, and cleanse teeth before retiring. Do 
this sixty nights in any ten consecutive weeks.*o 

310 Win at least 90% of the points on the Health Chart three months 

in succession .*0 

311 Fcr two months, sleep on an average of eight hours a night.*o 

312 Be in bed not later than 10 p.m., at least sixty times in ten weeks .*0 

313 Get up one hour before breakfast twenty-eight days in one month.*o 

314 Refrain from using rouge, lipstick, eye-brow pencil, highly scented 

or colored face powder for one month.*o 

315 Brush hair fifty times every night for three months.*o 

Water Sports 

Health Honors — 400-500 

401 Swim one hundred yards.* 

402 Swim one mile in any six days. Not over one-half mile in any one 

day.*o 

403 Fetch up a cup from the bottom in 6 feet of water.* 

404 Do any two dives in good form: 

a—Standing front, back; and front and back jack, 
b—2 or 3 steps start and double take off from dock or spring¬ 
board. Front, back or front and back jack. 

405 Undress in deep water not losing any article of clothing and not 

hanging on to boat or dock.* 

406 Paddle 20 miles in any 5 days.*o 

407 Row 20 miles in any 5 days.*o 

408 Tip over a canoe in deep water, right it, get in and get enough 

water out by splashing with hands to be able to paddle ashore.* 

409 Teach a girl to swim, so that she can swim at least 20 feet alone in 

good form.*R 

410 Swim and float 15 minutes in deep water .*0 


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36 


Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

411 Swim any four standard styles .*r Standard styles are breast, side, 

overhand, single overhand, crawl, back, scull on back, etc. 

412 Sail a boat without help or advice for fifty miles.*o (In any 

season.) 

413 Swim fifty yards, fully dressed.* 

414 While standing in a canoe, paddle one hundred yards.* 

415 Float on back five minutes or do a dead man’s float for fifteen 

seconds.* 

Winter Sports 

Health Honors — 500-600 

501 Skate twenty-five miles in any five days.*o (Not necessarily con¬ 

secutive.) 

502 Coast, toboggan, or ski for not less than fifteen hours in any one 

month .*0 

503 While skiing, make six descents of at least fifteen feet in good 

form.* 

504 While skiing, make six jumps and land in good form.* 

505 Snowshoe twenty-five miles in any five days.*o (Not necessarily 

consecutive.) 

506 Skate-sail for twenty-five miles in any five days.*o 

507 Fancy skating: Demonstrate at least four figures such as Figure 

eight, Grapevine, Spread-eagle.*R 

CAMP CRAFT 

Brown Honors 

Signalling and Knot Tying 

Camp Honors — 100-200 

101 Tie ten standard knots. *r 

The following list is suggestive: 

Tie two ends together-square bow, single bend or bowline (easily 
untied), alpine, kite^string. Tie a rope to a post or rail or 
about itself-half hitches (fasten boat or clothesline), clove 
hitch (fasten horse), midshipman’s or rolling hitch (tent rope). 
Whip a rope to prevent unravling with a needle and without a 
needle. 

Make knots at the end of a rope-wall knot, crown, back splice. 
Make fancy or heraldic knots-carrick bend, love knot (for trim¬ 
ming pillows, shirt waists or dress); make trick knots—Tom 
fools or sailor handcuffs, cabin boy’s knot. Weave ropes, 
twine, or yarns together—make a plait of three or more 
strands, make a sennit. Make splices; eye, short and long. 

102 Make a knot board of twenty-five kinds of knots. Knots should 

be tied from memory and not from sample.* 

103 Read and send three messages of ten words each correctly, either 

by semaphore or wigwag.* 


Honors 


37 


Fire Lore 

Camp Honors — 200-300 

201 Build an open fire in wind and rain with materials found out-of- 

doors at the time. (Using not more than 2 matches). No fire 
is credited until it is properly put out.* 

202 Make fire rubbing set of materials found in the woods. (Thongs 

may be purchased.)* 

203 Make 4 good fuzz sticks.* 

204 Make fire with rubbing sticks or flint. *r 

205 Build three different kinds of fires in open, using not more than 

two matches for each fire.* 

206 Build a permanent outdoor fireplace on your premises for family 

use.* 

207 Help to build a permanent outdoor community fireplace.*R 

Outdoor Cooking 
Camp Honors — 300-400 

301 Make two good devices for holding a pot over a fire and two for 

holding a frying pan over a fire.*R 

302 Do all the camp cooking without help or advice for one meal for 

four or’ more persons. This includes getting the wood, and 
making an open fire. Meals must be well-balanced and adequate 
amount of food supplied. The menu must be written; quan¬ 
tities and price stated.* 

303 Make a bean hole at least eighteen inches by eighteen inches abd 

cook beans or some other appetizing dish.*R 

304 Construct a reflecting oven and bake biscuits or some appetizing 

dish.*R 

305 Cook successfully at least one-half pound of meat and four pota¬ 

toes in the open, without using any kitchen or cooking utensils; 
this includes making the fire.*o 

306 Fry an egg or broil a steak on a hot stone.* 

307 Make bread on a stick.* 

308 Roast corn or clams.* 

309 Roast successfully six ears of corn, Indian style in clay or wet 

leaves.* 

310 Know and prepare successfully ten camp recipes for a party of 

not less than ten.* 

Tent Craft and Camping Out 
Camp Honors — 400-500 

401 Make a bed on the ground and sleep out-of-doors on it for any 

five nights .*0 

402 Pack a horse and tie a squaw hitch.* 

403 Camp for a week-end, sleeping out-of-doors.*o 


38 


Book of the Camp Fife Girls 

404 Make and carry a pack for two miles. This includes personal 

camp outfit and sleeping equipment.*o 

405 Make a balsam bed.* 

406 Erect a tent, having selected location.* (Two girls may work to¬ 

gether on this.) 

407 Take proper care of a tent for one week.*o . 

408 Make a shelter and bed of material found in the woods.*o 

409 Build a tree house large enough for two girls to sleep in.* 

410 Know proper disposal of camp garbage and refuse, and dispose of 

it for one week.* 

411 Make and keep a sanitary latrine for a week.*o 

512 Sharpen an axe well on a grindstone, and two knives on either 
grindstone or whetstone.* 

Map and Trail Making 
Camp Honors — 500-600 

501 Know how to use map and compass.* 

502 Make a pen-and-ink map of hike, indicating trail, gates, fields, 

woods, brooks, bridges, etc. Map must have been proved ac¬ 
curate by actual use in a Camp Fire Hike and must be neat 
enough for exhibition. *r 

503 Know six blazes and also methods of marking temporary trails.* 

504 Blaze for a mile and return to camp.* 

505 Track two miles. In summer or winter. 

506 Spend twelve hours in one season helping to clear or improve 

trails .*0 

Weather Lore 

Camp Honors — 600-700 

6Q1 Know the meaning of weather signals, and the meaning of clouds, 
wind and temperature.* 

602 Keep a scientific record for a month. This consists of tempera¬ 

ture, wind direction and velocity, clouds, character and quan¬ 
tity, duration of rainfall, fogs or mists.* 

603 Read United States Weather Map for a month and report, for 

each day, comparative record of home point with some distant 
point.* 

Backwoods Craft 
Camp Honors — 700-800 

701 Make an Indian loom. Weave a rush rug on it.* 

702 Know twenty-five signs of the hand sign language.*R 

703 Carve a totem pole.* 

704 Make an Indian bed.* 


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40 


Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

705 Make an Indian tepee.* 

706 Make a willow Indian bed.**o 

707 Make and use a hunter’s lamp.* 

70*8 Make a strong basket of wildwood material which will hold at least 
one quart of ordinary grain.* 

709 Cure skin of a snake or of a furred animal.* 

710 Make a pair of moccasins.* 

711 Make a Navajo lamp.* 

712 Build a boat.* 

(For above honors see “The Book of Woodcraft,” by Ernest Thomp¬ 
son Seton.) 

HAND CRAFT 

Green Honors 

Any article in the following groups must show skill, ingenuity, and 
taste. Each article must be worthy of honor. When the designs in 
clay modeling, brass work, silver work, batik work, stenciling, leather 
work, embroidery, or bookbinding are symbolic of The Camp Fire Girls, 
two honors are given. 

Decoration 

Hand Craft Honors — 100-200 

101 Keep and decorate an individual count for six months. *r 

102 Decorate a “buffalo robe” with a totem, and at least twenty 

pictographs illustrative of your Camp Fire activities.*R 

103 Make a suitable case of khaki for the ceremonial gown, decorating 

the case with name and symbol.* 

104 Make the same for a firemaking apparatus.* 

105 Decorate a pair of moccasins with symbolic design. *r 

106 Embroider or bead a symbol on six articles.*o 

107 Make and decorate twelve calendars, postcards, or place-cards.*© 

108 Bead or stencil six symbols on your ceremonial gown.*o 

109 Paint twenty’ local wooden or leather honors with original design .*0 

110 Design, make and use a stencil of an original symbol .*0 

111 Plan and superintend the decorating of a room, selecting paper 

and curtains and helping with sewing, painting, or upholster- 
ing.***R 

112 Paper a room (the assistance of one other person is allowed).**© 

113 Make a poster which is accepted and used by a church, school, 

Camp Fire or other organization .*0 

Original Design 

Hand Craft Honors — 200-300 

201 Draw an original design for a table runner, sofa pillow, curtain 
border, or some other serviceable household decoration and em¬ 
broider the article, using not over twelve hours for completing 
the embroidery.*R 


Honors 


41 


202 Draw an original monogram or design, suitable for marking 

household linen or lingerie, and embroider it on six articles, 
using not over two hours to complete the embroidery on each.*R 

203 Embroider or bead a blouse or dress with original design .*r 

204 Make a binder cover or portfolio for your copies of Everygirl’s 

Magazines, using any material you wish (leather, paper, silk, 
linen) and decorating it with symbolic design.* 

205 Design your own book-plate.* 

Basketry 

Hand Craft Honors — 300-400 

301 Design and make a basket.*R 

302 Make three baskets of different designs.*R 

303 Recane one chair bottom.*o 

Dyeing, Batik, and Stencilling 
Hand Craft Honors — 400-500 

401 Dye material for a dress or three smaller articles, each of dif¬ 

ferent color.* 

402 Design and batik three articles for use.*R 

403 Stencil, wood-block, or paint three serviceable articles with orig¬ 

inal ,designs.*R 

Bookbinding and Leather Work 
Hand Craft Honors — 500-600 

501 Bind a book, sewing the back, and having lined cover and original 

cover design. *R 

502 Make three articles with original designs in cut leather, at least 

one of these to be lined with silk harmonizing in color.*R 

503 Make one article of tooled leather. *r 

504 Draw and cut in leather ten Camp Fire symbols.*o 

Photography 

Hand Craft Honors — 600-700 

601 Take a dozen photographs; develop and print them.*o 

602 Print twenty-five pictures (excluding those for which Honor 601 

may be claimed).* 

603 Enlarge five pictures successfully.* 

604 Mount and frame (either wood or passepartout finish) three 

pictures.* 


42 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

Knowledge of Textiles 

Hand Craft Honors — 700-800 

701 Know the prices and widths and uses of the following; materials.* 

Six common cotton materials. Four common linen materials. 
Four common woolen materials. Four common silk materials. 

702 Identify twelve kinds of lace and tell the reasonable price and 

appropriate use of each.* (Hand-made lace and machine-made 
lace after the same style may each be counted.) 

703 Know how pattern is made in cloth; be able to compare four 

common textile materials; know their origin, how the material 
is prepared, and how the weaving is done.* 

Sewing, Knitting, etc. 

Hand Craft Honors — 800-9CX) 

801 Make two aprons, .decorating them with Camp Fire design .*0 

802 Hem twelve dinner napkins by hand.*o 

803 Mend own stockings each week for two months .*0 

804 Know how to hem, overcast, backstitch, buttonhole, featherstitch, 

and blanket-stitch (samples required).* 

805 Make a Hag with your group symbol.* 

806 Plan and make your own graduation dress.* 

807 Make two articles of underwear, using hand or machine or both.*o 

808 Make a blouse.*o 

809 Make a dress .*0 

810 Make a set of baby clothes. *r 

811 Make a ceremonial gown.* 

812 Trim a hat (this includes lining ).*0 

813 Make a hat.*o 

814 Use all the attachments of a sewing machine, and clean and keep 

it in order for three months.* 

815 Save nine stitches by taking one stitch once each week for three 

months’ weekly mending.*R 

816 Make a skirt.*o 

817 Make any other garment as difficult as those already listed.*© 

819 Knit, crochet or tat three articles.*© 

820 Hem twelve tea towels by hand.*© 

Weaving 

Hand Craft Honors — 900-1000 

901 Weave some article with original design, putting on warp yourself. *r 

902 Make a bead band at least eight inches long.*R 

903 Make your own loom and weave one article on it.*© 


Honors 


43 


Candle Making 

Hand Craft Honors —looo-iioo 

1001 Gather bayberries and make one 6-inch candle (dipped).* 

1002 Gather bayberries and make four 6-inch candles (molded).* 

Carpentry, Toy Making, and Wood Carving 
Hand Craft Honors —1100-1200 

1101 Make and stain a piece of box furniture .*r 

1102 Repair and finish off, or paint, an article of furniture, or a floor.*o 

1103 Shingle a hundred square feet of roof.*o 

1104 Build a chicken coop, rabbit hutch, or dog house .*0 

1105 Dress doll or make picture books or toys and send to hospitals, 

and settlements where they are wanted.*0 

1106 Make a doll’s house of four rooms and its furnishings.* 

1107 Work for twelve hours redecorating "nd mending old toys in a 

Camp Fire Christmas Toy Shop.*o 

1108 Carve a useful piece of furniture.*R 

1109 Carve and decorate three wooden articles with original designs.*R 

(Wooden spoons, salad fork and spoon, salad bowl, etc.) 

1110 Cut your book-plate design in wood and print plates for your 

own books.* 


Metal Work and Modeling 
Hand Craft Honors —1200-1300 

1201 Make a brass or copper bowl or vase, having on it original 

designs.**R 

1202 Make three pieces of silver jewelry, such as bracelet, ring, pin, 

hatpin with original designs .*r 

1203 Make a key for a lock as difficult to fit as a Yale lock.* 

1204 Make three articles of brass or copper not included in other 

honors.*R 

1205 Model an individual cereal bowl, plate, cup and saucer, vase or 

other article, having on it original designs.*R 

1206 Make three successful plaster casts.*R 

NATURE CRAFT 
Blue Honors 

Bird Lore 

Nature Honors —100-200 

101 Identify and describe twenty wild birds.* 

102 Identify and describe fifteen additional wild birds. *r 

103 Erect a bird box and have it used for one season. *r 


44 


Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

104 Tell from personal observations and notes, the value to man of 

six birds.*R 

105 Keep notes from personal observation of the raising of a family 

of birds.*R 

106 Maintain a lunch counter for two months and have it used by at 

least four kinds of birds. *r 

107 Maintain a bird bath for two months and have it used by at least 

four kinds of birds .*r 

108 Keiep a list of dates of at least six birds seen during the migratory 

season .*0 

109 Imitate accurately ten different bird calls.* 

110 Know the songs and calls of ten different wild birds.*R 

111 Record, from personal observation, the food of six different wild 

birds.*R 

112 Identify eight birds by their flight. *r 

113 Identify and describe ten water birds. *r 

114 Help five or more children to know ten birds.*R 

115 Memorize and recite five different bird poems.*R 

116 Write in musical notation the songs of one bird (e. g., the meadow 

lark).*R 

117 Take a successful kodak picture of a wild bird or its nest without 

capturing the bird or disturbing the nest.*o 

118 Make a wild bird your friend without caging. Teach it to eat 

from your hand or make other friendly advances.*o 

119 Write a story of 500 words containing your personal observations 

of the life of some wild bird and read it to your group or at 
some other meeting.* 

120 Illustrate same with drawings or kodak pictures you have taken.* 

121 Have same published in newspaper or established publication.* 

Gardening 

Nature Honors —200-300 ♦ 

201 Do all the work in a successful garden. This may be for use or 

beauty, or both.*R ' 

202 Keep written records of various divisions of the garden work, and 

account of expenses .*r 

203 Raise at least two kinds of flowers or vegetables in accordance 

with modern principles, getting cash results; e. g., violets, straw¬ 
berries, celery, mushrooms. *r 

204 Have a successful window garden, properly balanced in color, or 

a garden furnishing garnishing for the table. Practical results 
must be secured. *r 

205 Raise a crop of sweet corn, popcorn, or potatoes.*R 

206 Make a record of processes, history of growth, cost, gain or loss.” 

207 Raise at least two vegetables, make notebook re 9 ord of growth and 

cost.*R 

Carry on experimental gardening as follows; 


Honors 


45 


208 (a) Plant a plot of ground with seed treated with bacteria solution 

and another plot with seed not so treated. Record results as 
to amount of crop, size of produce, taste and palatableness.*R 

209 (b) Plant a plot of ground with pedigreed seeds and another with 

unpedigreed seeds. Record results.*R 

210 (c) Plant two plots; treating one by dry-farming methods, and 

the other by usual methods. Record results.* 

211 (d) Make tests of the value of irrigation.* 

212 Plant bulbs three ways: for outdoor blooming, for indoor bloom¬ 

ing, for blooming in window boxes .*r 

213 Furnish the home table with flowers from your own garden for 

three months.* 

Plants, Trees and Flowers 
Nature Honors —300-400 

Trees: Identify and describe any fifteen trees in such a way as to 
assure future recognition. 

301 In summer.* 

302 In winter.* 

303 Ten additional trees. *r 

304 Properly plant five trees at least one foot high where they arc 

needed.*R 

305 Identify and describe twenty-five wild flowers.* 

30'6 Identify and describe fifteen additional wild flowers. *r 

307 Identify and describe ten ferns.*R 

308 Identify and describe ten grasses. *r 

309 Make a collection of pressed leaves. Identify as to form, veina- 

tion and margin. Twenty varieties.* 

310. Know the contour of five forest trees. Illustrate with drawing 
or kodak pictures. Winter or summer .*0 

311 Know varieties used for Christmas trees and which should be 

discontinued. Succeed in using the quick growing tree in your 
own celebration.* 

312 Make blue-prints of ten flowers. *r 

313 Make smoke-prints of ten leaves. *r 

314 Identify and describe ten mosses. *r 

315 Make a satisfactory notebook from your own observations while 

on tramps. This may be about stones, birds, trees, streams, 
erosion of the earth, or habits of animals. *r 

316 Identify ten common weeds; tell how to remove and eradicate 

them.*o 

317 Distinguish eight varieties of apples, and tell the good and weak 

points of each.* 

318 Identify ten varieties of mushrooms. *r 

319 Identify ten plants by their odor.*R 

320 Identify ten plants by feeling.*R 

321 Identify ten varieties of cactus.*R 


46 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

322 Identify and describe ten herbs useful for medicinal or cooking 

purposes, and know the use of each.*R 

323 Identify and describe five poisonous plants. Know the effect of 

and remedy for each.*R 

Seashore 

Nature Honors —400-500 

40il Mount and name ten different kinds of seaweeds.* 

402 Collect and name fifteen different kinds of shells .*0 (Ref., “The 

Seabeach at Ebb Tide”—Augusta Arnold.) 

403 Know and describe ten fish.*R 

404 Catch, cldan, and cook four fish.*o 

405 Know and identify and tell something interesting about six varie¬ 

ties of turtles.* 

406 Maintain an aquarium for three months.* 

Wild Animals 

Nature Honors —500-600 

501 Identify and describe five snakes, knowing whether they are harm¬ 

less or harmful. Know the remedy for the effects of the harmful 
ones.*R 

502 Describe, from personal observation, the home, appearance, and 

habits of three wild animals.*R 

503 Describe, from personal observation, five ways in which wild 

creatures predict the weather.* 

504 Tame a wild animal to eat out of your hand.*R 

505 Describe from personal observation the home, appearance, and 

habits of six additional wild animals.* 

506 Take a successful kodak picture of a wild animal without captur¬ 

ing the animal.*R 

507 Make a wild animal your friend without caging. Teach it to eat 

from your hand or make friendly advances .*r 

508 Write a story of 500 words containing your personal observations 

of the life of some wild animal and read it to your group or at 
some other meeting.* 

509 Illustrate the same with photographs you have taken or with 

drawings.* 

510 Have same published in newspaper or established publication.* 

Insects 

Nature Honors —600-700 

601 Identify and describe ten different kinds of butterflies. *r 

602 Identify and describe ten different kinds of moths.*R 

603 Identify ten harmful garden bugs and insects, and tell how to 

combat them.*R 


Honors 


47 


604 Identify and describe ten kinds of beetles. *r 

605 Do all the work for a successful hive of bees for a season and 

know the habits of honey bees.* 

606 Identify and raise eight different kinds of caterpillars, knowing 

the proper things to feed each, care for chrysalides and cocoons 
until they come out as butterflies and moths.*R 

Astronomy 

Nature Honors —700-800 

701 Know and distinguish all the first magnitude stars visible from 

your home at one season; their location and state of develop¬ 
ment.* 

702 Know the planets, and seven constellations and their stories.* 

703 Teach a class of five persons the planets and seven constellations 

and have each person in the class be able to recognize them 
and place them.*R 

704 Make star chart of seven constellations.* 

Minerals 

Nature Honors —800-900 

801 Collect and identify six different kinds of stones, metals., or 
other minerals.* 

BUSINESS 
Yellow Honors 
Business Honors —100-200 

101 Fill a regular salaried position for four months.**o 

102 Fill a regular position for four months, earning more than ten 

dollars a week.***o 

103 Not employed in a regular position, earn one dollar for the 

purchase of Camp Fire outfit and dues.*o 

104 Earn three dollars and give it to some charity, church, or com¬ 

munity interest .*0 

105 Earn at least five dollars in any line other than regular employ¬ 

ment; e.g., raising chickens, bees, gardening, getting subscribers 
to books, magazines, or papers; making and selling Christmas 
presents; fancy work, jewelry, toys, dolls.*o 

Note: In group work (103 and 105), at same ratio per girl. 

106 Serve as Treasurer of your Camp Fire or for any other organiza¬ 

tion, really handling money for a year, keeping accounts.* 

107 Write at a regular Camp Fire Meeting: 

1 . A business letter ordering a list of books; also make appli¬ 
cation for the money order to be enclosed. 

2. A telegram of a business nature, general contents to be 
given by the Guardian. 

3. An application for a position as clerk in a department store. 


48 


Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

108 Write 300 words on a typewriter from a daily paper in ten minutes 

without mistakes.^ 

109 Write, from dictation, twenty letters in shorthand, and transcribe 

notes at a rate of not less than 30 words a minute.* 

110 Get three new subscriptions to Everygirl’s Magasine.*K 

111 Serve as satisfactory Secretary to your Camp Fire for one year.* 

112 Gather five thousand galyx leaves (mountain industry).* 

113 Know elementary rules of parliamentary law and conduct success¬ 

fully two meetings of a Camp Fire according to these rules.* 
(Ref., Roberts’ “Rules of Order.” 

114 Make a book report to your group.* 

115 Have school report card show a ten per cent higher standard in 

deportment or conduct in one month.*o 

116 Have a five per cent higher average for all your studies (exclud¬ 

ing deportment).*o 

117 Have no marks below “A” or “B” or “80%” for one month.*o 

118 Keep a notebook record of your reading for three months. *r 

119 Attend night school, business college, or University Extension 

Course, taking up some definite course of study and not being 
absent or tardy for six weeks. **r 

120 Be on time for business or school, morning and afternoon, every 

day for three months.*o 

121 Be on time at Camp Fire Meetings for two months.*o 

Thrift 

Business Honors — 200-300 

201 Save ten per cent of your allowance for three months.*o 

202 Make an article entirely or in part in regular employment, show¬ 

ing skill, speed, and taste* to*****. 

203 Plan a family budget under heads of shelter, foods, clothing, 

recreation, mfscellaneous.* 

204 Live for one year on an allowance covering all personal ex¬ 

penses. Keep full account.***** 

205 Keep a bank account and save a definite amount per month for 

a year.* 

206 Do not borrow money or articles of wearing apparel for two 

months. *0 

207 Keep a bank account for three months, draw checks, endorse 

checks, make deposits, and balance check book each month.*o 
(This refers to actual money.) 

208 Take a vacation of not less than one week on money that you 

have earned .*0 

209 Prepare an appetizing and attractive meal, the main dishes of 

which are made from “left-overs.”*R 

210 Do something at home which saves money for the persons paying 

the bills, such as repairing the electric bell, dyeing a blouse, 
re-upholstering a chair, etc.*o 


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These pages of Honors in pictures are suggestions for 
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49 








































































































































































































































































50 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

211 Make over a dress or blouse or plan a new dress from an old 

garment.*R 

212 Keep family budget for one month.*o 

213 Keep account of every cent you are costing your family for three 

months.*o * 

214 Earn money for a dress or suit by making arid selling wood- 

blocked, beaded, or stenciled articles.*o 

215 Help in fields during harvest or busy season for at least two 

hours a day for two weeks.^o 

216 Observe the gospel of the clean plate during entire time in camp.* 

CITIZENSHIP AND PATRIOTISM 
Red, White, and Blue Honors 
Community Service 

Citizenship Honors — 100-200 

101 Participate in organizing and carrying through a proper celebra¬ 

tion of any national holiday. In each case the history of the 
day must be known.* 

102 Organize and take part in a proper celebration of some historical 

event of local or national significance. *r 

103 Contribute some service to your community in connection with 

Street Cleaning.* 

104 Beautifying front yards.* 

105 Conservation of streams.* 

106 Conservation of birds.* 

107 Conservation of trees or forests.* 

108 Do voluntary work for three months in connection with a play¬ 

ground, a settlement, or an organization such as Organized Char¬ 
ities, Children’s Aid Society, or similar local organization.* 

109 An honor may be given to each Camp Fire Girl who participates 

in giving a party or dance in which the girls and boys are 
about equal in number and in which at least two of the follow¬ 
ing dances are learned and danced by all; Virginia Reel, Port¬ 
land Fancy, Lady of the Lake, Howe’s (or Hull’s Victory), 
Pop Goes the Weasel, Chorus Jig, Lanciers, Boston Fancy, 
French Reel, German Hopping Dance, Varsouvienne, Furetur, 
Gottlands Quadrille. This honor may be repeated four times 
in any one year, provided new dances are used each time.*R 

110 Be familiar with your national history as it affects woman’s 

welfare.* 

111 Take care of small children on ten different occasions.* 

112 Identify and destroy two hundred egg masses of the apple tree 

or forest tree, or tent caterpillar.*R 

113 Identify and -destroy two hundred cocoons of the white marked 

tussock or the gypsy moth.*R 


Honors 


51 


114 Swat at least twenty-five flies every day for one month.*o 

115 Help transform an unsightly place in your town into a garden 

or park.*o 

116 Organize and lead a hike, including choice of destination, ap¬ 

pointment of committees, etc.* 

117 Help three girls earn five honors.* 

118 Do all errands willingly for two months.* 

119 Make a May basket, fill it with flowers, and take it to a “shut-in.”* 

120 Sing carols in the street or hospitals at Christmas or Easter.*o 

121 Correspond regularly with an invalid or “shut-in” for three 

months.*o 

122 Bring two adults, one of whom must be a parent, to two Public 

Camp Fire Meetings.*o 

123 Procure and successfully enroll a new member for Camp Fire.*o 

124 Take prominent part in wild flower conservation campaign by 

making posters, talks on the subject, etc.*R 

125 Take part in the raising of funds for some project which will 

bring beauty to the community, like public concerts, lecture 
courses, traveling libraries, art exhibits, etc.*R 

126 Get five persons to petition library to include on its shelves books 

listed from time to time in Everygirl’s Magazine *o 

127 Be member of group that takes charge of Baby Show or Children’s 

Day Nursery, giving at least twelve hours’ service yourself.* 

128 Be member of group that plans and carries out a successful Win¬ 

ter Carnival for the community, taking a prominent part in 
work and planning.* 

129 Take definite and responsible part in Girls’ Day Celebration.* 

130 Teach alto to Camp Fire Girls or children in home or neighbor¬ 

hood. Children of ten years or more (one song from “10 
Songs for 10c”).*o 

131 Oversee children’s practice in home • (on recommendation of home 

group.)* 

Red Cross 

Citizenship Honors — 200-300 

201 Give ten hours of actual work in voluntary service to Organized 

Charities or some other charity organization, outside of regular 
employment.* 

202 Get five members for the American, Red Cross Society .*0 

203 Do some actual service in connection with Red Cross or some 

organized society for relief work for at least two months.*o 

204 Help teach some form of handcraft to a Junior Red Cross group 

at two of their meetings .*0 


52 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

WHAT THE AMERICAN BORN CAN DO FOR 
AMERICANIZATION 

Citizenship Honors — 300-400 

301 Learn the names and know the important facts of five great men 

who have immigrated to America and relate at Council Fire or 
to a group of at least five people.*o 

302 Give a party on some national holiday, entertaining at least five 

foreign-born girls .*0 

303 Learri five facts about the country and customs of five immigrant 

races and describe at a Council Fire or to a group of at least 
five people .*0 

304 Teach English to a foreign girl (outside of the home, or a maid 

in the kitchen) one hour a week for two months.*o 

305 Read one book (translation) of best literature of three writers of 

Polish, Russian, Italian, Yiddish, Spanish, or any other foreign 
writer.* 0 . (If read in the original **o.) 

306 Teach the names and important facts in the lives of five great 

American heroes or statesmen to a foreign-born man, woman 
or girl.*o 

307 Adopt as your special charge for 9 months a foreign-born Camp 

Fire sister, teach her the Camp Fire ritual, help her to under¬ 
stand the symbolism of her Indian name and symbol.***0 

308 Teach a foreign mother or girl how to cook five practical American 

dishes {i.e., food not naturally used in that special foreign 
family ).*0 

309 Teach five short poems of best American poets to a foreign-born 

girl.*o 

310 Teach five American games to a foreign-born girl.*o 

311 Learn the date and significance of one national holiday of five 

immigrant races. *0 

312 Take two foreign-born girls to an art museum and select five 

great pictures, teaching them the name of the picture, and the 
name and nationality of the artist of each.*o 

313 Spend the equivalent of one-half hour daily for one month in 

some kind of service, recreational, educational, home work, 
etc., with at least one foreign-born girl.*o 

314 Find a group of five American girls who will each pledge herself 

to adopt a foreign-born sister, earning with them five of the 
Americanization honors. *0 

315 Direct a man or woman to the Naturalization Office for their first 

papers and follow up to see if they secure the papers, and if 
not give necessary help until papers are obtained .*0 

316 Teach a group of five foreign girls five American songs from 

“55 Community Songs,” published by Birchard & Co., Boston, 
Mass., ten cents. 

317 Invite a child from foreign section to your Christmas or Thanks¬ 

giving dinner .*0 


Honors 53 

WHAT A FOREIGN BORN GIRL CAN DO FOR 
AMERICANIZATION 

Citizenship Honors — 400-500 

401 Learn five city rules or laws which will help- your family—such 

as rules for carrying firearms, the traffic rules, fire laws, school 
laws, etc.*o 

402 Teach your mother the days of the week, how to tell time and 

count money, and names of near-by streets, in English .*0 

403 Teach English to your mother, father, or small foreign group at 

home for two hours a week for two months. 

404 Learn the names and important facts of five great Americans.*o 

405 Learn how to cook and use at home at least once, three American 

foods.*o 

406 Learn five short poems of great American poets .*0 

407 Learn five American games.*o 

408 Write a paper of at least five hundred words on meaning and 

celebration of one of our national holidays .*0 

409 Take part in a High School debate, “Should the newly arrived 

immigrant apply for naturalization papers?” “Why should the 
immigrant learn the English language?” *0 

410 Teach one kind of native handwork to five American girls.*o 

411 Direct a newly arrived immigrant family to five helpful American 

institutions, such as: church, school, post office, library and 
bank.*o 

412 Give one hour daily for one week for Community Service among 

people of your own nationality; i.e., baby week campaigns, etc. 

413 Teach five American-born girls three folk dances of your native 

country.*o 

414 Learn five American songs from “55 Songs and Choruses for 

Community Singing.”* (Published by Birchard & Co., Boston, 
Mass., 10 cents.) 


Mind 

Citizenship Honors — 5CK>-6oo 

501 Belong to a class in connection with a church, tabernacle, settle¬ 

ment, Y. W. C. A., Y. W. H. A., for eight months and miss not 
more than five meetings.*o 
Give brief accounts of the life and service of: 

502 Five religious leaders.* 

503 Five missionaries.* 

504 Five educators.* 

505 Five great women.* 

50'6 Five statesmen.* 


54 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

cc * 

507 Five scientists.* 

508 Three inventors.* 

509’, Five rhusicians.* 

510 Five artists.* 

511 Identify three masterpieces of each of five well-known artists.* 

512 The same for five musicians.* 

513 Give the history of five great heroes of your own race.* 

514 Commit to memory the preamble of the Constitution, Lincoln's 

Gettysburg Address, and the first paragraph of the Declaration 
of Independence,* 

515 Commit to memory one hundred verses of the Bible or an equal 

amount of other sacred literature, as hymns, Thomas a Kempis, 
etc.*R 

516 State the location and function of ten institutions, public and pri¬ 

vate, in your community, for all kinds of relief and betterment.* 

517 State two public services done for the people of your locality by the 

Federal Government, and by the city or township government.* 

518 State the laws in regard to the fire protection of public places in 

your locality.* 

519 Describe the Boards of Health and Labor Department require¬ 

ments affecting ventilation and sanitation in stores and factories 
employing girls and women in your State.* 

520 Teach a class of not less than three, once a week, for eight months 

in connection with a church, tabernacle, settlement. Young 
Women’s Christian Association,* Young Women’s Hebrew Asso¬ 
ciation, or other educational or social institution.* 

521 Give a brief account of the lives of five great authors and the 

names of their principal works.* 

522 Write and have published weekly (or monthly) Camp Fire notices 

in your local paper for six months. *o 

523 Write and have published two “stories” of Camp Fire principles 

or activities in a paper or magazine .*r 

524 Arrange and take a photograph of Camp Fire activities and have 

it published in some magazine or newspaper. *r 

525 Read in one month out of school hours, two standard books, rec¬ 

ommended by librarian or school teacher.*R 

526 Lead or take a prominent part in a debate or speaking contest.*o 

527 Give a report on current events gleaned from at least three news¬ 

papers or magazines.*o 

Historical 

Citizenship Honors — 600-700 

601 Know the names, homes, and occupations of your grandparents 

and great grandparents; this to include the maiden names of 
the grandmothers and great grandmothers.* 

602 Tell the history of your own locality and what occurred on each 

historical soot.* 


Honors 55 

603 Tell the history and meaning of the National Flag and of the 

flag of the country from which your ancestors came.* 

604 Know the flags and the rulers of ten nations.* 

605 Know and give the pledge of allegiance to the Flag, and describe 

the rules for the proper display of the flag, and the date of 
Flag Day.* 

606 Name the authors and give an account of how “The Star-Spangled 

Banner” and “The Battle Hymn of the Republic” were written.* 

Indian History 
Citizenship Honors — 700-800 

701 Buy and own a genuinely Indian made article; basket, bead-work, 

silver work, pottery, stone-work, blanket; know to what tribe 
its maker belongs, what materials were used in the construction 
and how it was made.*o (The best way to help an Indian girl 
or woman is to buy the things she makes. It means food and 
clothing to her and her family.) 

702 Know the location, history, and present condition, both economic 

and religious, of the tribe where your Indian article was made.* 

703 Know the uses and meaning of the design or symbols used (if 

possible) or something of the ceremony in which it is used, if 
it is a ceremonial basket, of your Indian article .*0 

704 Be able to sing six genuine Indian or Camp Fire songs at Camp Fire 

gathering. *R 

705 Be able to tell six Indian legends at Camp Fire gathering.*R 

706 Know the meaning of ten Indian symbols or designs. *r 

707 Be able to name the Indian tribes which originally inhabited your 

State, the tribes, and number of members now living there and 
their religious and economic condition.* 

708 Give brief accounts of the lives and activities of five great or 

well-known Indians, men or women. *r 

709 Be able to distinguish from each other the baskets of ten different 

Indian tribes.*** 

Church 

Citizenship Honors — 800-900 

801 Attend any religious service ten Sundays in three months .*0 

802 Lead a mission study class, organized in connection with som« 

religious institution, three times.*o 

803 Fill the office of Secretary or Librarian in a Sunday School for 

one year.* 

804 Out of boys or girls not formerly members of any Sunday School 

create a class and maintain it, acting as its teacher for six 
months.* 

805 For one term, be an officer in the Christian Endeavor Society, 

Epworth League, or similar organization.* 

806 Read a chapter of the Bible or other religious literature every 

day for three months. *r ^ 


NATIOtlAL HOMORS 




OTA 


Mufti C W1UTT&M 

MfOVOOAArair' am* SOHO. *HOUGHTi» 



MCORATI0»4 



National Thrift Honor National Health Honor 


56 






Honors 


57 


807 Know and sing eight standard hymns of the church. *o 

808 Attend a course of study or lectures with a view to preparation 

for a distinct type of service within a religious organization.* 

809 On two occasions, take part in a public or dramatic representa¬ 

tion of Biblical scenes such as “Ruth and Naomi.” *o 

810 Help clean the church silver three times.*o 

811 Help provide and arrange the flowers on the pulpit on altar four 

times.*o 

812 Serve as leader of singing in church or Sunday School for three 

months .*0 

813 Organize a Sunday School class as a Camp Fire group.*o 

814 Give service to the Church Social Committee on the occasion of 

two social meetings. *0 

815 Attend choir rehearsals for three months, missing none.* 

816 Play accompaniments for a church group regularly for three 

months.* 

817 Give special assistance at festivals or assemblies.* 

818 Teach music to smaller children, etc., etc.* 


NATIONAL HONORS 

Sometimes a Camp Fire Girl makes something very beautiful 
with her hands. Sometimes she takes an exceptional photo¬ 
graph or writes an excellent song or story or essay that has to 
do with Camp Fire. 

Sometimes she keeps the Health Chart for twelve months, and 
that means she has done ninety per cent of the things the 
Health Chart emphasizes. To do any of these things is not 
easy. National Headquarters wishes to know about the girls 
who are making a special record in any thing. For this reason 
there are National Honors given for special work in several 
lines. ^ 

It is very hard for the National Honor Committee to decide 
whether or not the tilings submitted should be judged on the 
basis of the effort expended or on the excellence of the finished 
article. Of course we cannot go through life being judged and 
rewarded for effort only; we must demand standards for our 
results. Usually real effort is rewarded by worth while results 
if the standards or goal ahead are high enough to begin with. 

It is suggested, therefore, that all girls who believe they have 
made or done something worthy of a National Honor compare 
the article with other objects of beauty which have been ac- 


58 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

cepted as beautiful by people of discrimination. We do not 
mean that we expect Camp Fire Girls to produce objects of art, 
but we do expect those craft articles for which they are awarded 
National Honors to approach high artistic standards. 

For example, a glass candlestick painted or enameled or cov¬ 
ered with sealing wax has no value to the girl or to anyone 
else, whereas a candlestick modelled in clay and glazed or 
turned or carved from wood, all the work in either case having 
been done by the girl herself, has value to the girl, and if she 
has studied line and color from observing beautiful models, the 
candlestick would have value to others as well as to herself. 

In photography, again, there must be high standards of 
beauty as well as standards for clear, well taken pictures. The 
girl who considers the background in her pictures as well as 
has her pictures tell a story will take good pictures. Often 
times interesting photographs of girls winning certain honors, 
giving some particular service, etc., are spoiled because the per¬ 
son taking them has not noticed that an ugly signboard or a 
ladder or something else disfigures the background. Sometimes 
a girl thinks that a picture of her group just looking at the 
camera or dressed up in amusing costumes is a picture which 
could be printed in EverygirVs Magazine. That such a picture 
is interesting to the girls in it does not make it interesting to 
others. Sometimes a National Honor for creative inspiration is 
given for a group of photographs planned and posed by a Camp 
Fire Girl or Guardian but actually taken by a professional 
photographer if they are used for publication. 

Sometimes it is service of a special type which deserves Na¬ 
tional Honor. Such National Honors are rare, because Camp 
Fire Girls do service spontaneously and because of the joy of 
doing for others and not for any recognition. 

The National Honor for Photography, Music, Decoration, 
Written Thought, and Service are of four classes: 

4 . “UTA” Honor (Uta meaning effort) is given for special 
effort toward a high standard. 

3 . “KEDA” Honor (Keda meaning to think hard) is given 
for work showing real thought as well as excellence 
of execution. 


V 


Honors 


59 


2 . “SHUTA” Honor (Shuta meaning to create) is given for 
excellence of material and idea which can be adapted 
for use in the National work. 

I. “WAKAN” Honor (Wakan meaning inspiration) is the 
highest grade of National Honor of this grouping and 
is given for excellence of idea and execution, and in 
case of hand work, for beauty of line, form and color. 

The symbols for each honor represent the type of contribution 
for which the honor was awarded, as: 

1. Photography is represented by the symbol for the eye with 

three rays of light. 

2 . Music and song are represented by an eagle for the eagle’s 

song. 

3 . Decoration is represented by an Indian symbol for woman’s 

dress. 

4 . Written thought is represented by two symbols for leaf. 

' 5 . Service is represented by the symbols for hands. 

Besides the National Honors mentioned, above, there are three 
other types of National Honors. 

The National Health Honor 

The National Health Honor is as hard to win as any National 
Honor that there is in Camp Fire, although it requires no ex¬ 
ceptional ability to win it. It does require receiving a grade of 
ninety per cent on the Health Chart for twelve consecutive 
months. That means following a rigid program of personal 
hygiene, not once in a while, but for almost every day for a 
year. 

Health is so important a part of the Camp Fire program and 
of the lives of all of us that we cannot lay too much stress 
upon it. 

By keeping our health records on the Health Chart we can 
soon establish worth while habits which will mean everything 
to us throughout our lives. These charts may be obtained in 
blocks of twenty-five from the Camp Fire Outfitting Company, 
197 Greene Street, New York. They are ptinted with a sym¬ 
bolic border, representing health. 


60 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

The girls should keep these records neatly and carefully. 
They must be sure that they do not give themselves credit for 
things they have forgotten to do. They should check their 
record each night or they will have forgotten just what they 
did and did not do. 

The Health Symbol is made in the three colors, red, white, 
and blue, for two reasons: First, because red is for the red 
blood of health, white is for cleanliness and purity, and blue is 
for night, the long night of sleep; second, because good health 
is patriotism,, for we can be better citizens if we are healthy. 

The Health Symbol means sleep, cleanliness, and exercise. 
The white bird in the center represents the water bird and 
cleanliness; the Arapaho symbol beneath the water bird means 
sleep or long night; the tracking symbol (the dots around the 
base and sides of the triangle) represent walking or exercise 
(see cut). 

When a girl has won the health symbol twelve times in suc¬ 
cession she should send her charts, neatly arranged and checked, 
to the National Honor Committee and she will be awarded the 
large National Health Honor Symbol to be worn on her gown. 

The National Thrift Honor 

Thrift consistently and sensibly followed is a virtue which 
National Headquarters recognizes by awarding a National 
Thrift Honor to the girls who send in Thrift Charts, properly 
checked and averaged, showing the right percentage of saving 
and investment for ten consecutive months. 



Needlework Guild Honor 

Needlework Guild Honor 

The Needlework Guild of America is an organization which 
collects new clothing and household linen to be distributed to 
hospitals and charities. To be a member all you need to do is 





Honors 


61 


to contribute two articles of new clothing or linen or give any 
sum of money. These articles must be given to a director of 
some branch of the Needlework Guild of America. 

Requirements for Membership in the 
Needlework Guild 

The contribution of two new articles of wearing apparel or 
household linen a year or a contribution of money. 

If ten or more members of a Camp Fire Group qualify for 
membership in the Needlework Guild, through the contribution 
of the required number of garments, the Guardian of that group 
becomes a director in a branch of the Guild when she has, in 
addition, secured one money member. 

A section of a city branch consists of a president, secretary, 
and not less than three additional directors, and represents a 
total of at least one hundred and ten garments and five dona¬ 
tions of money. Any number of directors and members may 
be added. 

There is only one meeting a year for collection of garments. 
The members make the garments through the year and put them 
away until the meeting for the collection. 

The Guardian Director in a branch of the Needlework Guild 
has responsibilities, and it has been decided, therefore, that a 
National Honor, as shown on page 6o, will be awarded by the 
National Honor Committee of the Camp Fire Girls and the 
Board of Directors of the Needlework Guild of America to such 
Guardians as fulfill the requirements of a qualified director of 
the Needlework Guild. Their records should be sent to the 
National Honor Committee in the same way as material is sub¬ 
mitted for other National Honors. When the National Needle¬ 
work Guild Honor is awarded certification will also be sent 
allowing the Camp Fire Girls who are members of that Guard¬ 
ian’s directorship of the Guild to wear the Special Needlework 
Guild Membership Bead Honor (purchasable at the Camp Fire 
Outfitting Company, per bead). 


62 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

Directions to Be Followed When Submitting 
Material for any National Honor 

In submitting work of any sort for National Honor the fol¬ 
lowing directions should be observed: 

1. All work must be submitted by the Guardian. 

2. Name, age, and length of time girl has been a Camp Fire 

Girl must be stated. 

3. When a Guardian submits her own work, she must so state. 

4. Return postage must be enclosed, otherwise articles will 

not be returned. 

5. Everything submitted must be addressed to the National 

Honor Committee, Camp Fire Girls, 31 East 17th Street, 
New York City. 

6. National Headquarters retains the right to exhibit the arti¬ 

cles submitted or to print or use for Camp Fire purposes 
pictures or manuscript submitted. 

7. All photographs submitted become the property of National 

Headquarters. 

8. All health and thrift charts must be properly checked, 

averaged, and scored. 

9. In case of Needlework Guild Honor, a description of the 

filling of all requirements listed above must accompany 
the request. 







CHAPTER IV 


GROWING IN CAMP 
FIRE 

Requirements for Member¬ 
ship and the Three 
Ranks 

Any girl may be a Camp Fire Girl if she really -vants to be 
one. There is no point in “just” being a Camp Fire Girl if 
one has not put one’s whole desire and effort into being one. 

That is why there are certain requirements for membership. 
They are very simple requirements, to be sure, but they are 
enough to show that girls who are Camp Fire Girls are not 
just “joining a club” but are really accepting the Camp Fire 
philosophy of Work, Health, and Love, and of Give Service. 

No Camp Fire Girl promises anything. When she says the 
Camp Fire Law she states a command and demand for herself, 
and says “This law I desire to follow.” When she takes her 
ranks she states her “desire” for that rank. She does not pledge 
herself, for she knows that pledges are apt to be broken. 

When a new girl is joining an old group, she should be made 
a member at a Council Fire and should show all the girls 
present that she is ready to become a member. 

Requirements for Membership 

1. She must be at least eleven years old. 

2 . She must have paid her annual dues of $i.oo. 

3 . She must know the purpose and ideals of the Camp Fire 

Girls’ organization. 

4 . She must be able to state the full name of the following 

persons: 

(a) The President of the United States. 

(b) The Governor of her State. 

(c) The Mayor or highest city official. 

63 



64 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

5. She must be able to tell how many stars and how many 

stripes there are in the American flag and be able to ex¬ 
plain the symbolism of the flag. 

6. She must know the watchword and be able to give the 

hand sign of the organization. 

Hand Sign —The hand sign of the fire, used as a salutation 
is made by holding the left hand in front of and about two 
inches from the body, at about the waist line, keeping the elbow 
at a right angle, and flattening the fingers of the right hand 
against those of the left. This indicates the crossed logs. From 
this position, the right hand is quickly raised, directly upward, 
following the curves of an imaginary flame. As the hand 
rises, the three fingers drop into an easy position against the 
thumb, leaving the index finger pointing upward. 

7. She must know the name of the official publication of the 

organization, EverygirVs Magazine, its purpose and its 
value. 

8. She must know the Camp Fire Law. 

9. She must say before the other members of her group, either 

at a Council Fire, or other meeting: “It is my desire to’ 
become a Camp Fire Girl, and to obey the law of the 

' Camp Fire, which is 

Seek Beauty. 

Give Service. 

Pursue Knowledge. 

Be Trustworthy. 

Hold on to Health. 

Glorify Work. 

Be Happy.” 

When a girl has proven her right to membership, she may 
wear the membership pin or ring. Either may be secured by the 
Guardian from the Camp Fire Outfitting Co., 197 Greene Street, 
N. Y., for $.50. 

Wood Gatherer 

The first rank that a Camp Fire Girl may attain is that of 
Wood Gatherer. It marks a stage in her progress; it proves 


6S 


Growing in Camp Fire 

that she is sincere In her ideals and is trying to live up to the 
Camp Fire Law. And it establishes and completes her member¬ 
ship in the organization. The ceremonial gown is the insignia 
of the Wood Gatherer. 

Requirements for Rank of Wood Gatherer 

1. Must have been a member of the Camp Fire for at least 

4 months and not more than one year. 

2. Have attended at least 12 weekly meetings and i 

Council Fire other than the one at which the Rank is 
awarded. 

3. Must be able to repeat the Wood Gatherer’s Desire alone. 

4. Have selected a name and a symbol, and explain them at 

a Council Fire. 

5. Have completed bead or leather Head Band with Symbol 

as design. 

6. Know “Burn Fire Burn,” and “Mammy Moon,” or any 

two of the Neidlinger Camp Fire Songs. 

7. Know verbatim the Law, Credo, Pledge of Allegiance to 

the Flag and Fire Lighting Ceremony, No. 1 . 

8. Present a list of all Camp Fire Honors earned. 

9. Have earned 540 points of Health Chart in one month. 

10. Must have won in addition to the above, at least 14 elec¬ 
tive honors, 3 of which must be chosen from Home 
Craft, 3 from Citizenship, and 3 from Nature Craft. 

Note 

a. Elective Honor Beads (not purple) are awarded for the 

14 elective honors in requirement No. 10. 

b. 10 Purple Beads for Rank are awarded to Wood Gatherers 

for the above 10 requirements. 

h 

Fire Maker 

The second rank Is that of Fire Maker. The Fire Maker has 
had longer experience in Camp Fire than the Wood Gatherer; 
she has passed another stage in her progress and can assume 


[THE WOOD GATHERER’S DESlREl 


jfiSFAG0T5'AR£ brought] 
FROM THE FOREST 

Firmly HELD by the 

SINEWS WHICH BIND THEN, 

I WILL CLEAVE TO MY 

CampFIre sisters 
Wherever, WHENEVER 
I FIND THEM. 


I WILL STRIVE TO GROW 
STRONG LIKE THE PinETRK, 
To BE PURE IN MY 
DEEPEST DESIRE; 
To BE TRUE TO THE 
TRUTH THAT IS IN ME 

And follow the Law 
OF THE Fire.” 


66 








67 


Growing in Camp Fire 

some responsibilities. A girl may well look at her Fire Maker’s 
bracelet with pride, for she has had to fulfil many requirements 
that test her in various ways before she may wear it. 

The insignia for Fire Maker is the silver bracelet, the de¬ 
sign of which is formed by the word Wohelo in Tsimshiam 
Indian letters. 

Requirements for Fire Maker 

1. Must have been a Wood Gatherer for at least one year 
and must be at least 13 years old. 

2. Must own a ceremonial gown. 

3. Must help prepare and serve, together with the other candi¬ 
dates, at least two meals for meetings of the Camp Fire; this 
to include purchasing of food, cooking, and serving the meal, 
and care of fire. (All candidates work in rotation; this is, each 
does a different part of the work each time.) 

A typical meal to be cooked with an open fire on one of the 
tramps consists of cream of tomato soup, potatoes baked in 
ashes, bacon broiled on green sticks, and bread, butter, and let¬ 
tuce brought from home ready for sandwiches. For an indoor 
dinner to be prepared in rather small quarters, left over meat 
chopped for a chartreuse with rice and tomato sauce, a green 
salad with a cooked dressing, and individual sponge cakes 
would make a good menu. One important point in the winning 
of this honor is the “working together.” Cooking at home is 
not the same thing and cannot be substituted. 

4. The menu used and itemized account for Fire Maker’s 
dinner must be presented at Council Fire or to Committee of 
Awards. 

5. Keep the Thrift Chart for one month. 

6. Tie a square knot five times in succession correctly and 
without hesitation. 

7. Keep the Health Chart for two months, winning 540 points 
each month. 

8. Refrain from chewing gum, eating between meals and 
from candy, sundaes, sodas, and commercially manufactured 
beverages between regular meals for at least one month. 


68 


Book of the Camp .Fire Girls 

9. Observe good health habits to help build up and keep a 
sound body and a cheerful spirit. 

a. By sleeping long hours with windows open or out-of- 

doors. 

b. By taking a full bath at least twice a week and by 

brushing the teeth twice daily. 

c. By taking at least half an hour daily outdoor exercise. 

d. By eating only the right kinds of food and the proper 

amounts at meal time except fruit between meals, and 
by drinking at least four glasses of water a day. 

e. By having a normal bowel movement every day. 

10. Understand what is being done by the following organ¬ 
izations for health and welfare of children:— 

a. Your own local Board of Health and other health agen¬ 

cies. 

b. The Child Hygiene Division of your State Board of 

Health. 

c. Children’s Bureau of your Federal Government—Wash¬ 

ington, D. C. 

d. American Child Health Association— 370 Seventh Avenue, 

N. Y. C. 

e. The National Child Labor Committee—205 East 22nd 

Street, N. Y. C. 

11. Know and demonstrate in pantomime what to do in the 
following emergencies:— 

a. Clothing on fire. 

b. Person in deep water who cannot swim, both in summer 

and through ice in winter. 

c. Open cut. 

d. Frosted foot. 

e. Fainting. 

f. Bite of an insect. 

g. Sprained ankle. 

h. Nose bleed. 

i. Foreign matter in the eye. 

12. Know how to bandage satisfactorily either with a roller 
or triangular bandage. 


THE 

FIRE MAKER'3 DESIRE 

As FVIEL IS BROUGHT TO THE FIRE 
So I PURPOSE TO BRING 
My STRENGTH 

My ambition 
My heart’s DESIRE 
my joy 

And my sorrow 
To THE. FIRE 
Of humankind. 

For I WILL TEND 

As MY FATHERS HAVE TEHDEO 

Ahd my father’s fathers 
Since time began 
The fire that is called 
The love of man for man 
The love of man for God. 

John Collier. 


it 


69 









70 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

a. A finger or thumb with a cut on the end. 

b. A palm or the back of hand. 

c. The forearm and leg. 

d. The elbow and ankle. 

e. The eye. 

f. Forehead (bruise.) 

13. Know what civil department or official to notify in the 
‘following instances: 

a. A bad smell in the neighborhood. 

b. Garbage or refuse not called for. 

c. A dead animal in the street or a dead pet animal to be 

disposed of. 

d. An ambulance needed. 

e. A fire. 

f. A flood or bursting water main. 

g. Milk not properly bottled or canned. 

h. Food not properly wrapped, covered or screened. 

14 . Know how you can help to prevent 

a. Traffic accidents. 

b. Fires. 

c. Water accidents. 

15 . Work out and follow good standards of 

a. Posture, including care of the feet. 

b. Care of the hair. 

c. Care of the hands and nails. 

d. Care of the eyes. 

16 . Know the special needs of a girl of her age as to 

a. Number of hours of sleep. 

b. Amount and kinds of exercise. 

c. Proper kinds of food and what makes a balanced diet. 

d. Use of various kinds of baths—warm and cold. 

e. Normal menstruation. 

17. Know how to perform simple home-making services, 
such as 

a. Setting the table. 

b. Serving the food. 

c. Entertaining the guests. 


71 


Growing in Camp Fire 

18. Mend a pair of stockings or a knitted under-garment 
and hem some useful article, the hem to be at least a yard in 
length. (Use the sewing machine if practical, and also the at¬ 
tachments for hemming.) 

19. Be prepared to give a five-minute talk on Camp Fire 
Girls. 

20. Must be able to repeat the Fire Maker’s Desire alone. 

21. Know three of the following songs: the “Walking Song,” 
“Boating Song,” “Sheltering Flame,” and “Blessing,” and any 
other one of the Neidlinger group of Camp Fire songs. 

22. Have taken part in at least three Camp Fire demonstra¬ 
tions. 

23. Know the career of some woman who has done much 
for her country or state. 

24. Know and sing three verses of the National Anthem. 

25. Must produce evidence that one or both parents are inter¬ 
ested in Camp Fire (attending meetings, etc.). 

26. Present a plan which you intend to follow in order to earn 
the Torch Bearer’s Rank. 

27. Must have won 20 elective honors in addition to the four¬ 
teen won for the rank of Wood Gatherer. At least one Honor 
must be in each group and with the exception of Home Craft, 
not more than five honors may be presented from any one group. 
Thus 20 elective honor beads are awarded to Fire Makers in 
addition to the 27 Purple required honors for this rank. 

Torch Bearer 

The third and highest rank for a Camp Fire Girl to attain 
is that of Torch Bearer. 

Just as soon as a girl becomes a Fire Maker, she should look 
forward to and begin work for the high rank of Torch Bearer. 

This rank is more than the mere fulfilling of requirements or 
the winning of honors. 

The candidate must be at least 15 years of age. She must 
have been a Fire Maker for at least one year. She need not 
follow the plan submitted for her Fire Maker’s rank. 

Before a girl can become a Torch Bearer she must have 
shown the powers of steady leadership or of real craftsman- 



73 














Growing in Camp Fire 73 

ship, and her appointment must be approved by Guardian and 
girls. She must have learned how to get along amicably with 
others both in work and in play and be a good team worker. 

Requirements for Torch Bearers, 

Both as Guide and Craftsman 

1. She must have been a Fire Maker for at least one year. 

2. She must have won Camp Fire Health Chart symbol some¬ 
time for three consecutive months during her Camp Fire ex¬ 
perience. 

3. Must have kept Thrift Chart 3 consecutive months. 

4. Have taken responsibility for definite part at 6 community 
projects, such as Public Council, Christmas Festivities, etc. 

5. Must have won at least one Big Honor in Nature Lore and 
in five other crafts. 

Additional Requirements for Qualifying 
for Torch Bearer as Guide 

6. Have helped to organize and assist in leadership 9 months 
(and registered at Headquarters) a group of at least 6 children 
or Camp Fire not her own group. She must have prepared a 
program of activities and have it approved by the Guardian. 

7. Must be able to give a short talk on Camp Fire at a 
minute’s notice. 

8. She must have won one Big Honor in every craft. 

• 

Additional Requirements for Qualifying 
for Torch Bearer as Craftsman 

6. Must prepare a CAMP FIRE EXHIBIT of her own work, 
in chosen craft, and have contributed one article to the per¬ 
manent exhibit of National Headquarters. 

7. Must have won a Big Honor in at least five different 
crafts. 

8. Must be proficient in and have taught one of the following 
Camp Fire Crafts to at least 3 children for over a period of 6 
months. Notes for these lessons must be approved by an expert 
on the subject. 


74 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

Nature Lore 

I. Know 6 nature games. (See page 141.) 

• 2. Win at least i honor in the following divisions of Nature 
Lore (in addition to Big Honor already required) : Birds 
(plumage and song), butterflies, moths, trees, shrubs, flowers, 
ferns, stars, insects, animals, geology, mosses, mushrooms and 
fungi, grasses, snakes, marine life, batrachians. 

3. Make an extensive collection in one of the above divisions 
and arouse a real interest in at least one other person (in that 
division). 

Recreational Activities 

(This is divided into two parts: Land activities and water 
activities, each of which are divided into minor and major 
requirements. Minor requirements for both land and water 
sports must be met, and the major requirements for the division 
chosen.) 

A. Water 

Minor Requirements 

1. Swim 100 yards any style; also swim three strokes in 
fair form 50 yards, not necessarily consecutively. 

2. Break three strangle holds standing in water to neck. 

3. Know how to handle boat or canoe, or both. 

4. Explain Schafer method of resuscitation. 

Major ^ Requirements 

1. Be a Flying Fish. 

Note —Win Junior or Senior Red Cross Life Saving Test, 
depending on age of candidate (Test Sheet, form No. 105, 
bulletin 1005) or its equivalent of the requirements of the 
Swimming Committee of the Camp Directors’ Association 
(obtainable from Miss L. Juliette Meylan, Camp Arcadia, 
Casco, Maine). 

2. Disrobe without touching dock or bottom and swim 100 
yards. 

3. Use cross chest carry, subject struggling for 30 feet, and 
then use tired swimmer’s carry for 60 feet. 


Growing in Camp Fire 75 

4. Row single i mile in 12 minutes or paddle single i mile 
in 15 minutes. 

5. Do 3 racing stunts in good form. 

6. Do 3 standard dives in good form (front, back, front 
jack, back jack). 

. B. Land Activities 

Minor Requirements 

1. Be able to teach 10 group games. 

2. Know rules and be able to teach 2 games listed under 
No. 2 below. 

3. Know rules and be able to teach 3 folk dances. 

4. Know rules and be able to teach i of the sports listed 
under No. 7 below. 

Major Requirements 

1. Be able to teach 20 group games. 

2. Know rules of 6 of the following: Newcomb, volley ball, 
captain ball, bat ball, ong ball, dodge ball, nine court, basket 
ball, badminton. 

3. Know and be able to teach 7 folk dances. 

4. Plan a party. 

5. Know 10 stunts (hand wrestle, through strick, toe jump, 
tumbling, pyramids, etc.). . 

6. Help to coach contestants, plan, and run off a track meet. 
See Handbook for Guardians. 

7. Know and teach successfully: Tennis, basket ball, field 
hockey, cricket, soccer, baseball^ indoor baseball, golf, riflery, 
archery, horseback riding, ice hockey, skating, skiing, snow- 
shoeing, curling. 

Camp Craft 

1. Meet all seven requirements listed under Gypsy. (See 
page 180.) 

2. Know how to use knife, axe, compass, and maps. 

3. Supervise planning, packing, and cooking of meals on 
overnight hike for group of not less than four. 

4. Earn two of the weather lore honors. 


76 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

5. Know how to care for feet, and to administer first aid 
such as might be necessary on an overnight hike. 

6. Make a fire in the rain (2 matches, no paper). 

7. Take two trips, staying out at least two nights each time. 

8. Make at least three devices which will be useful around 
a permanent camp. 

9. Make a plan for trip of six for 4 days to be approved by 
Camping Department at National Headquarters. 

a. Listing equipment necessary for group. 

b. Listing personal equipment for individuals. 

c. Indicate method of packing and transportation of 

equipment. 

d. Indicate points to consider in making camp (suitable 

to locality) for the 4 days. 

10. Make one of the articles listed in Class 2 under Hand¬ 
craft Honor. (See page 182.) 

Hand Craft 

1. Earn at least one honor in two-thirds of divisions of hand 
craft in the “Book of Camp Fire Girls.” 

2. Make three pieces of original work in one division, and 
write a paper on the theory of that craft. 

3. Make one of the articles listed in Class 2 under the Hand¬ 
craft Honor (see page 182), or an equivalent, or make a 
primitive loom and weave a piece of work on it. 

4. Teach one division of hand craft to at least three. 

5. Submit a piece of your hand craft to the National Honor 
Committee. 

Music 

1. To have accompanied for one year in Sunday school, 
church, Christian Endeavor, school, etc. 

2. To have played for the pleasure of others at least 20 
times in the past year, such as Old Folks’ Home, Women’s 
Club, Children’s Home or hospital. 

3. To play always willingly at home for the pleasure of the 
family and guests. 

4. To have given at least 12 free music lessons to a student 
who cannot alford lessons. 



77 


Every Camp Fire Girl wants to pass her swimming tests 




















78 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

5. To be able to accompany all the Camp Fire songs in the 
Camp Fire song book. 

6. To have composed the music to one song. 

When the candidate for the rank of Craftsman Torch Bearer 
in Music has fulfilled all these requirements, her guardian 
should communicate with Mrs. Henrietta Baker Low at Na¬ 
tional Headquarters, who will suggest the way in which the 
candidate can be judged for technique and style in her chosen 
branch of music. 

Home Making 

1. To have entire charge of a home, including the care of 
at least two children, for three months. This means ordering 
food, care of rooms, and serving of meals. 

2. To have cooked ten complete dinners for at least six 
people, each with entirely different menus, having planned and 
purchased everything. 

3. To have done perfectly the following tasks, so as to be 
informed upon the best methods and easiest ways of doing 
them: Care of refrigerator, five ways of preserving food, 
storing clothing, furs, pillows, and rugs for the summer, care 
and refinishing of hardwood or linoleum, cleaning silver, re¬ 
moving berry stains from linen and ink from colored cloth. 

4. To take entire care of a living-room and bedroom for 
one year. 

5. To redecorate completely one room, making curtains, table 
covers, and doing the painting and decorating yourself. 

6. To contribute food which you have prepared and earned 
the money to pay for, to some community occasion such as: 
Church supper, children’s parties, camp suppers, girls’ day, etc. 

7. To give a party in your own home celebrating a holiday, 
designing all decorations, favors, and refreshments yourself. 

8. To conduct a cooking class for twelve weeks meeting once 
a week. 





CHAPTER V 


CAMP FIRE SYMBOLISM 



Did you ever stop to think that when the very first people 
first tried to talk to each other and to write to each other, they 
used symbols or signs with the hands, with their voices by 
making sounds to express the symbol, or by drawing pictures 
in the sands or cutting them in stone or in wood? So you see 
symbolism is as old as the first man and the first woman, and 
so common that we forget to notice it, for we never think of 
our alphabet as being a collection of symbols for sounds. 

Long ago, people were interested in meanings. All through 
the art of the ancient peoples, the Assyrians, Egyptians, and 
Greeks, we find that a leaf or a flower or a curve in design 
was not just a pleasing arrangement of line, but a symbol for 
an ideal. As late as the Gothic art, we find symbolism in 
everything. Just look at the arches and spires of a Gothic 
cathedral. You can find pictures of Rheims or Chattres or 
Cologne or an English cathedral. See the hands pointed up¬ 
ward in adoration or prayer in the points of the arches. See 
the Idealism and belief behind the design. 

And then suddenly people became modern and designs were 
copied and adapted and the adaptations copied and readapted. 

And the symbolism was lost and forgotten. 

Camp Fire has recaptured for its members some of that 
forgotten beauty of symbolism, that beauty of meaning as well 
as beauty of line and color, by bringing back the simplest use 
of symbols. 

Why Indian Symbolism Was Chosen y 

You know how you can forget to skate or ride a bicycle if 
you have not skated or ridden for a long time. You can’t 


79 


80 


Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

always put on your skates or get on a bicycle for a long ride 
and set off right away with the ease you once had. 

It is just like that with the use of symbolism. So many years 
have gone by, so many generations have been born since 
people understand symbolism and had it as an important part 
of their lives that that part of us which used to be able to 
know symbolism is atrophied and we have to begin all over 
again. And to get back into practice, we cannot begin by 
taking the hardest and most developed form of symbolism, but 
rather by taking the simplest. Nowhere can we find purer 
and simpler use of symbols than in the lives of the people who 
lived in North America (for the idea of Camp Fire Girls’ 
Program originated in the United States and has spread to 
every other continent) before the white people came from 
Europe, bringing the older civilization with it. For this reason 
the symbolism of the various nations or tribes of American 
Indian was used as the starting point for Camp Fire symbolism 
and it has grown and developed in various ways. 

In the Indian languages the words for the most part express 
phrases of the out-of-doors or human ideals. These words 
offer, therefore, the A, B, C’s for the Camp Fire symbolism. 
There are beautiful words to express such things as winds, 
rain, thunder, , hills, sunshine, clouds, or the sun breaking 
through the clouds. With such a vocabulary it is not difficult 
for a girl to find a word or a group of words that will ex¬ 
press an idea or an ideal. 

In most places the girls still use the pictorial symbolism of the 
primitive woman, the hands, etc.; in other places (in England 
this is most true) the symbolism of ideas is more general 
where lines, etc., are used in design, the design in itself has no 
pictorial meaning. 

But no matter what the development or changes, the Camp 
Fire Girls are making their designs in decoration have mean¬ 
ing and significance and interest as well as beauty. 

Symbolism of Camp Fire Names 

The first place that the symbolism shows in Camp Fire is in 
the name “Camp Fire Girls.” At first one may think that the 


Symbolism 81 

name signifies only a club for campers. But the idea has 
more significance. When the founders were discussing a name 
for the organization, several wanted the name to be “Hearth 
Fire Girls.” But although the idea of what the organization 
was to be began with the home, it went further than the hearth. 
The girls were to be hearth fire girls, but they were to extend 
the warmth of the hearth fire outside the home. They were 
to know the out-of-doors as well. So the camp fire, which was 
the first fire and which included the coming together of all 
peoples of a family and a nation to discuss ideals and plans, to 
celebrate successes and victories, to warm and cheer strangers, 
was chosen as the symbol of all the fire of human kind, and the 
organization was called The Camp Fire Girls. 

In the names of the three ranks again the symbolism shows. 
The fire would not be a success without the wood and the 
gatherer of the wood has an important and constructive part 
in the plan although it does not take the same skill or practice 
or experience to gather wood that is needed to make a fire. 
Hence the name Wood Gatherer for the first rank. 

The Fire Maker, the second rank, then has more experience 
in Camp Fire, more responsibility, because if the fire is not 
made properly, it will not burn. 

And if the fire does not burn, then there will be no burning 
brands from it to be used as torches to carry on the light. So 
the significance of the name of the third rank. Torch Bearer. 

A symbol then, tells with great simplicity a story, a thought, 
and inspiration, or an ideal. When it is the symbol of an 
individual and for an individual, it is of course marked by the 
personality of the maker and stands for an expression clearer 
to that person than any number of descriptive words. 

Choosing of Camp Fire Names 

One of the first things a Camp Fire Girl does upon joining 
Camp Fire is to choose a symbolic name for herself. She 
does not rush into her choice but makes it after due delibera¬ 
tion. What does she want to be known by in her group? 
What ideals or what desires or aspirations does she want to 
declare? < 


82 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

Let us pretend that it is you choosing your name. You do 
not know any words in any Indian language and you have not 
“peeped” at the names given in any Camp Fire book, because 
you want this to represent you and not anyone else. 

Perhaps you wish more than anything else to overcome your 
quick temper or your tendency to slide out of things unpleas¬ 
ant or perhaps you find it easy to tell all sorts of lies, for in 
choosing your name as in all your Camp Fire dealings you 
begin by being perfectly honest with yourself. You have 
tried many times to overcome something in yourself you don’t 
like, but you always forget before “it” is overcome. Here is 
a chance, you think, to remember by having your Camp Fire 
name express the thing you want to overcome. If it is white- 
lieing, you may wish your name to symbolize Truth or Reality; 
if it is a quick temper you may want your name to mean 
Fairness, Deliberation, Self-Control, Sympathy (Sympathy to 
other people’s ideas and privileges and carelessnesses). 

Or you may go about choosing your name in quite a dif¬ 
ferent way. It may be that you want your name to express 
what you want most terribly to be,—a writer perhaps, a mu¬ 
sician, a mother of a family, a trustworthy friend, a helpful 
citizen, or one of a thousand other fine things. 

When you have once made your decision, you must set about 
to find your name. You see, we are assuming that you are 
going about this business of choosing your name in the most 
intelligent manner. Only a foolish person would run down a 
list of meanings and choose the meaning for her name as she 
would the cloth for a dress or choose a nice sounding name 
and then make a meaning to fit it. 

You must go to books and authorities on Indian languages, 
if you want an Indian name. If you have a library of any 
size in your town, you are lucky, for the library will have 
books on Indian languages. Ask the librarian. If she does 
not know, ask her to help you find such books. It is a part of 
her job and it will be part of her education. The United 
States Bureau of Ethnology has printed some excellent books on 
Indian languages and customs (“Annual Reports of the Bureau 
of American Ethnology”). Every library should have copies. 


Symbolism 83 

If you cannot get help at your own town library, write to 
the State Librarian or State Historical Society. Say exactly 
what you want, to express your idea by an Indian word or 
phrase. Say that you want to know nvhich Indian language the 
words come from as well as the actual words. (Do you know 
that to say “Indian” word is like saying “white” word, in¬ 
stead of French or German or English, for there were as many 
Indian nations as there are white nations today?) 

If you still have no success, write to The Museum of Natural 
History of New York City or to the Heye Foundation of the 
American Indian, New York, or to the Smithsonian Institute, 
or the Bureau of Ethnology at Washington. There are people 
who are making Indian languages their life study; and they 
want to pass on their information to anyone interested. 

Sometimes girls get the idea for their names from Indian 
legends. For instance the names “Wanaka” (sun-halo) and 
“Chilan” (clear water) were taken from legends. One girl 
had been watching the oven-bird build its nest and took the 
Indian name of that bird. “Pakua” (frog) took that name be¬ 
cause of the frog’s skill in diving. “Morning Star” likes to 
take walks before breakfast, and “Evening Star,” her sister, is 
the one who puts the two younger children to bed and is win¬ 
ning her first honors by telling folk stories and Indian legends 
to them. “Grey Leaves” found her name in the poem, “The 
Master and the Trees,” by Sidney Lanier. 

So, you see, your name or symbol may be suggested to you 
by anything. It may come from the folk lore or legends of 
another country. If you are foreign born or were brought up 
on the stories of your father’s or mother’s native land, it is quite 
possible that you will find an idea for your name there. The 
important thing is to have your name really represent some¬ 
thing to you to be a symbol of that by which you would be 
known, and to represent your own thought and effort. Don’t 
let someone else choose your name, or the idea for it, for you. 

In choosing your group name, the same principles should be 
followed as in choosing your own name, but because the group 
name must necessarily express a group idea, it will be more 
general and will not take so much time or thought. 


84 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

Many groups coin their names, taking the first syllables of 
several words to make the name. That is the easy way and 
is apt to result in an ugly word. It is much better to revive 
and keep alive a real Indian word than to make up one. If 
you are “making up” a name, be sure that the word has a 
pleasing sound and really expresses an idea. 

Of course sometimes you may find it necessary for your 
group name to express only part of your idea or ideal, but in 
symbolism a part may stand for the whole or the whole for a 
part. 

The examples given in this chapter are suggestions only. 
Be original. Don’t be lazy and just copy one of the names 
unless you have exhausted every channel of research to get 
one for yourself. These names were secured by a little re¬ 
search at the public library. They are like the examples 
given in your aritflmetic or algebra book,—to show you how 
the problem is done and the result obtained. (Pages 90-97.) 

The drawings of the symbolic picturing of the names are 
done to show you how you may go about making a picture of 
your name or your symbol. The drawings are done on cross- 
ruled paper as a pattern for beadwork on headbands. 

Your Ceremonial Gown 

The Camp Fire Girls have no uniform. When they wish 
to dress uniformly, they wear the white middy, dark blue 
skirt, blue tarn and arm band and black or red tie. 

But they do have a ceremonial gown which is worn at 
Council Fire meetings. This gown has a twofold purpose, 
it is a record of the girl’s Camp Fire life, for she decorates it 
with symbols of her achievements, her ideals, friendships, and 
most thrilling adventures; and it eliminates all distinctions of 
birth or wealth as the fabric and cut is the same for all girls, 
only the decorations, which have distinct meaning to the girl 
herself who put them there and therefore represent her in¬ 
dividuality, are dissimilar. 

The gown represents the youth of the girl who makes it. It 
may be as bare or as decorated as she wishes. To most Camp 
Fire Girls it is treasured as a most valuable possession and is 


Symbolism 


85 



Symbols of achievement form the decoration of the 
Ceremonial Go'wn 









86 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

a symbol of all that is best in Camp Fire. To some, it is only 
a ceremonial robe to be worn at the Council Fire and of little 
other interest to the girl. Nor in any way can a girl’s progress 
in Camp Fire be measured by her interest in her gown. It is 
part of the Camp Fire symbolism but only part. 

Specifications and Decoration of Gown 

1. The gown should be made of a good piece of khaki. The 
pattern or the cut material may be bought from the Camp 
Fire Outfitting Company. The dress is finished at the bottom 
by a leather fringe. Care should be taken that the bottom of 
the fringe be seven inches from the ground. It is well for a 
growing girl to have a tuck or large hem that the gown may 
be lengthened.* 

2. The gowns in a group should be of the same shade of 
khaki. Uniform shade can be assured if the material or gowns 
are purchased from The Outfitting Company. 

3. Girls should wear dark (preferably brown) stockings 
and dark shoes (or mocassins) with the gown. (It is prefer¬ 
able for entire group to wear shoes unless entire group wears 
mocassins.) 

4. No petticoat but bloomers should be worn under the gown. 

When the Gown Should Be Worn 

The ceremonial gown should not be worn at masquerades or 
for costumes in plays unless the play is a Camp Fire play. It 
should not be worn as a working or play dress, or for a camp¬ 
ing costume. 

When celebrations of purely community interest are given, 
and Camp Fire Girls are asked to participate, the gown may 
be worn; but in such cases they should give some distinctive 
ceremonial of the Camp Fire, however brief; light the fires of 
Work, Health, and Love; sing appropriate songs; and build 
the fire to symbolize their rising place in the community and 
their high intent. If our ceremonial gown is to be fraught 
with meaning to us, we must zealously guard its sanctity of 
association, so that it may become the combined symbol of all 


Symbolism 87 

that it has meant to us of beauty, happiness, and attainment 
of ideals. 

Decorating Your Ceremonial Gown 

The idea of decorating the gown is twofold: first, to make 
a record of your achievements, ideals, adventures, and aspira¬ 
tions; second, to beautify the gown. You must never forget 
either thing in planning your symbols. You must stop to con¬ 
sider whether or not you are making the gown beautiful, and 
if you find yourself getting deeply interested in the design for 
your gown decoration, you must stop to remember whether or 
not you are expressing yourself, and the things you wanted to 
express in your design and symbols. 

When you first get your gown, it is a bare piece of khaki, 
and you are eager to put something on it. Too often girls 
spoil the beauty of their gowns at the very start by not having 
a plan for the decoration at the beginning. Now, how should 
you go about planning the decoration? 

In the first place, your group should have a committee of 
two or three persons who know the principles of art. There 
must be art teachers in your school or in some other school, 
and someone in the town who paints or knows the principles 
of art, who will give you some talks on arrangement of lines, 
balance, color combinations, etc., and who will examine your 
plans when you make them. 

Begin by having a general unified scheme for the finished 
decoration. Where will you put local honors, where National, 
if you win any; where the history of yourself? Are you 
going to have a collar or stole, and if so, what kind? Draw 
plans and talk about them with people who have good taste in 
dress and in art. 

Then you must select. Are you going to put everything on 
your gown, or only the really significant things that happen; 
the things that count in the long run? 

The second thing to consider is the way your design will 
look in the various stages, for of course you do not want to do 
it all at once, for to have interest, it must be a growing thing. 
You want to plan your design, therefore, so that It will have 


88 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

form and unity although it is not complete. You can do this 
in part by arrangement and spacing of your symbols. 

The third thing to bear in mind is the choice of symbols. 
You want to differentiate between symbols and signs or em¬ 
blems. Very few symbols are photographic. The Indian hand 
symbol, for instance, does not look like a human hand. Do 
not spoil the artistic effect of your gown by putting on it such 
things as a lifelike-looking rabbit or frog or the outline of a 
human hand. 

The fourth and very Important consideration should be the 
cut of your gown if you are inclined to be stout. It may be 
that you might have to vary the cut of the regular gown, add¬ 
ing inverted pleats or tucks or gathers to allow for extra 
room. The manufacturer has been working on an adaptation 
of the pattern of the gown for the over-size figure. Make in¬ 
quiries from the Outfitting Company or consult with your own 
dressmaker or your mother. 

If you are stout or big, you must adapt your design to your 
figure. Certain arrangement of a pattern or design make fat 
people look fatter. Certain other arrangements make tall thin 
people look even taller 'and thinner than they are. 

Consult the experts who teach costume and design in the 
Domestic Science Course of your school. Most teachers who 
have prepared themselves to teach domestic science have studied 
the principles of costume designing and decoration. Consult 
them. They will be glad to help you. 

And last, choose the materials appropriate to the fabric of 
your gown decoration. Opaque beads, leather, and the appli¬ 
cation of color by means of stencilling are the best media for 
gown deporation. Embroidery, for instance, is not appropriate 
for khaki. 



♦ 



Wasa bi -naTv^ 



I\la ura Kuxa 




































































































































































































































































































































































90 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 


SUGGESTIONS FOR CAMP FIRE NAMES 

The following ^words are taken from “Indian Names, Facts, and 
Games,” by Florence M. Poast, and are given as sugges¬ 
tions, not so much for names as for ideas to work with. 

GROUP NAMES 

Cherokee; 

Nnilawisti (oon e el ha wee' stee)—Council place. 

Untalulti (oon tah lool' tee)—On the bank of the lake. 

Kultsa te adahi (kult sah' tay ah dah' he)—House in the woods. 

Watuhiyi (wah too he' ye)—Beautiful place. 

Adahi (ah dah' hee)—In the woods, forest place. 

Amadahi (ah mah dah' hee)—Forest water. 

Elitsehi (ay leet say' hee)—Green meadow; verdant fields. 

Gatiyi (gah tee' yee)—Town house (tribal dance and council house). 
Gatusi (gah too' see)—In the mountain. 

Natsihi (aht see' hee)—In the pines. 

Talahi (tah lah' hee)—In the oaks; oak forest. 

Chippewa: 

Agaming (ah gah' ming)—On the shore. 

Anokiwaki (ah no ki wah' ki)—Hunting ground. 

Chickagami (chick' ah gah mi)—By the lake. 

Chigakwa (chi gah kwah')—Near the forest. 

Manakiki (mah' nah ki ki)—Maple forest. 

Nissaki (nis sah ki')—At the foot of the mountain. 

Choctaw: 

Hotak-aiukli (ho' tahk i ook' lee)—Beautiful lake. 

Tiak foka (tee' ahk fo' kah)—Piney region. 

Aboha hanta (ah bo' hah hahn' tah)—House of peace. 

Ayataia (i yah ty' ah)—Resting place. 

Creek: 

Ikan-hilusi (ee' kon hee loo' see)—Beautiful land. - 

Tula-hilusi (too' lah hee loo' see)—Beautiful country. 

Dakota: 

Chanyata (chahng yah' tah)—At the woods. 

Waziyata (wah zee yah' tah)—At the pines. 

Delaware: 

Shankitunk (shahn' kee toonk)—Woody place. 



Ule Xu o TT^UCiC 


■I ■ 


































































































































































































































































































































































92 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

Miami: 

Chipkahki oongi (cheep kah' kee oon gee)—Place of roots. 

Mohawk: 

Otyokwa (ote yo' kwah)— A group or body of persons forming a single 
fellowship. 

Narragansett: 

Ponewhush (po' nee whush)—Lay down your burdens. 

Yokowish (yo ko' wish)-—Do lodge here. 

Nowetompatimmin (no we tom pat' im min)—We are friends. 
Wetomachick (we' to ma chick)—Friends. 

Natick: 

Mukkinneunk (muk kin' ne unk)—A gathering; an assembly. 

Powhatan: 

Netoppew (ne' top pew)—Friends. 

Cheskchamay (chesk' cha may)—All friends. 

PERSONAL NAMES 

Seneca, N. Y. 

Aweont (Ah way' ongt)—“It is a growing flower.” 

Natick, Mass. 

Wunnegen (Wun' ne gen)—Good; desirable; pleasant; handsome. 
Djaweondi (Djah way' on dee)—Beyond the flower. 

Ganonkwenon (Gah nonk way' none)—She is alert. 

Onondaga, N. Y. 

Jiskaka (Dji skah'kah)—Robin. 

Kaahongsa (Kah a hong'sa)—Jack-in-the-pulpit, Indian baby cradle. 
Kanawahaks (Kah nah wah' hahks)—Cowslip (it opens the swamps by 
blossoming in the spring). 

Nakayagi (Nah kah yah'-gi)—Beaver. 

Oawensa (Oh a weng' sah)—Sunflower. 

Oyongwa (Oh yong' wah)—Golden Rod. 

Narragansett, Rhode Island. 

Moosquin (Moos' kin)—A faun. 

Mummanock (Mun na' nock)—Moon or sun. 

Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Delaware (later on, 
Ohio, Indiana, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas). 

Cholena—Bird. 

Cholentit—Little Bird. 

Nichantit—My little friend. 

Tipatit—Little chicken. 

Powhatan, Va. 

Netab (Ne'tahb—A friend. 



93 



























































































































































































































































































































94 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

Owannacut (Kwan'na kut)—Rainbow. 

Woussicket (Woo sick et)—Running brook. 

Yapam (Yah' pam)—The sea. 

Chippewa, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, and Ontario and 
Manitoba, Canada. 

Bidaban (Bid ah bahn')—It begins to dawn. 

Deb we win (Dabe weh win')—Truth. 

Enabandang (En' ah bahn dahng)—Dreamer. 

Wawingts (Wah win ges')—Skillful. 

Miami, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio. 

Ahsonzong (Ah son' zong)—Sunshine. 

Cheyenne, Minnesota, later. South Dakota, Nebraska, Montana, Colorado, 
Wyoming, Kansas, Oklahoma. 

Nisimaha (Nee see mah hah')—My comrade. 

Gahistiski (Gah hees tee'skee)—Peacemaker. 

Galilahi (Gah lee' lah hee)—Gentle; amiable; attractive. 

Ulskasti (Ools kah' stee)—Fearless; independent. 

Choctaw—Mississippi, and Alabama. 

Ahahahni (Ah hah ah nee)—Careful; solicitous. 

Apelachi (Ah pay lah chee)—a helper. 

Yukpa (Yook pah)—Merry. 

Hidatsa—North Dakota. 

Matsu (Maht'soo)—Cherry. 

Dakota or Sioux, North and South Dakota, Minnesota, Montana, Wyo¬ 
ming, Nebraska. 

Chantesuta (Chahng tay' soo tah)—To be firm of heart. 

Waokiya (Wah oh'kee yah)—One who commands. 

Wakishaka (Wah kee' shah kah)—One who never tires. 

Wawokiye (Wah wo' kee yay)—One who helps. 

Wichaka (Wee chah' kah)—To be true. 

Woape (Wo' ah pay)—Hope. 

Wokiziye (Wo' kee zee yay)—A healer. 

Zhonta (Zhong'tah)—Trustworthy. 

EXPLANATION OF HEADBANDS 
Pages 89, 91, 93, 95 

Wakitatina (Wah ki tah ti' nah) (Cherokee)—On the hill¬ 
top. Sign of justified effort, of attainment, of desire 
for all things beautiful and true. 

Wasabinang (Wah' sah bi nahng) (Cherokee)—Outlook; 

at the place of looking. For the seeker, the searcher. 
Wahehesao (Watch eee' sah o) (Powhatan)—Bird’s nest. 
Home as a starting point and as a shelter for the 
homing soul, sanctuary to be shared. 


fl tue oixt* 




95 


























































































































































































































































































































































96 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

Nawakwa (Nah wah kwah') (Cherokee)—In the midst of 
the forest. Sign for the tree lover, for the friend of 
Nature, and also for one moving out of darkness into 
light, out of error into truth. 

Aiyukpa (I yoo' kpah) (Choctaw)—Happy place. Home, 
school, church, camping ground—wherever happiness 
is and should ever be. 

Ukhusi-kunhi (Ook hoo' see koon' hee) (Creek)—Crooked 
lake. Symbol of the inland sea, of the ragged, in¬ 
definite shore; sign of clear water, of mirrored wood¬ 
land,' of reflected cloud-cavalry, of the sun by day and 
of the moon and the unnfimb^red stars by night. 

Okaiyoka (Oke' i yo' kah) (Choctaw)—Beautiful water. 
Ocean, lake, river and brook symbol. Sign of purity, 
of the ideal, of the vigor of life and the essence of 
its blessing. 

Abohaafoha (Ah bo' hah ah fo' ah) (Choctaw)—House of 
rest. For the home-lover, the helper of mothers, the 
protector of little children; symbol of peace and 
growth and human culture. 

Wetuomack (Weh' too bh muck) (Natick)—At home. 
The family sign, the oldest and freest of institutions, 
the earliest and latest of governments, the rock on 
which the State is built. 

Tingtata (Teeng tah' tah) (Dakota)—On the prairie. 
F'or those who dwell in wide spaces, for those who 
love field flowers and small wild creatures. 

Yapam (Yah' pam)—The sea. Wind and wave. One of 
the oldest—and loveliest—themes in the world. Ever 
mysterious, ever free—yet controlled -by unchanging, 
immutable laws. 

Unaliyi (Oon ah lee' yee)—Place of friends. Friendship 
—girl for girl, and both for Nature. To have—to 
merit—a friend as staunch and true as a tree—that is 
a good and precious thing. 

Debwewin (Dabe weh win')—Truth. Lanterns. Guides 
in the darkling wood. Visions of Diogenes, seeking 
an honest soul—and finding it. 


Symbolism 97 

Cholena (Cho lenn' a)—Bird. Birds of passage. Trav¬ 
elers, soaring over land and sea, aspiring to the golden 
sun. Symbols of adventure—^the eternal quest for the 
strange and new. 

Kiniks (Kee neeks')—Rosebud. Signifying promise, fore¬ 
casting fulfillment. Modest and demure, and lovely 
as the dawn. 

Aweont (Ah way' ongt)—Growing flower. Today a bud, 
tomorrow the developed miracle of full-blown blos¬ 
som; today a child, tomorrow a woman. 

Kanawahaks (Kah nah wah' hahks)—Cowslip. (“It opens 
the swamps for blossoming in the spring.”) Beauty 
appears in unlikely places, and is surpassingly fair 
and necessary there. 

Woussicket (Woo sick' et)—Running brook. A sign for 
quiet purpose, for steady advance, for gentleness, 
inspired and inspiring. 

Ulsakasti (Ools kah' stee)—Fearless; independent. Able 
to stand alone, to endure, to flourish even in adversity. 

Kaahongsa (Kah a hong' sa)—Jack-in-the-Pulpit; Indian 
Baby Cradle. A home and hearthside symbol. For 
those who love the home and seek to make and keep 
it safe and sacred. 

















CHAPTER VI 



THE COUNCIL FIRE 


Imagine a big fire, with flames leaping up and lighting the 
faces of a group of girls your own age sitting around it in a 
circle. Perhaps as you all are singing “Burn, Fire, Burn” or 
“Mystic Fire,” a log will settle and a host of golden sparks 
will dance up into the air, past the tree-tops, until they take 
their places as stars in the sky. You are Camp Fire Girls and 
you are all in your ceremonial gowns having a Council Fire. 
You are happy to be there, for you love the sitting about the 
fire, the singing, the talks of the Guardian and the girls, and 
the simple ritual. 

The Council Fire is the formal or serious meeting in the 
Camp Fire Girls’ program. This program gives opportunities 
for fun, for adventure (camping, parties, games, hikes, treasure 
hunts, etc.), for doing things (craft work, service) and an 
opportunity for a quiet, serious hour or two around a fire, where 
the honor beads are awarded, the ranks conferred, and the 
girls re-dedicate themselves to their Camp Fire ideals. 

Many times the girls themselves talk at a Council Fire or 
read a favorite poem or tell a short story which has some 
message. A Council Fire is usually a very intimate meeting; 
when spectators are invited the program is of course more 
formal. 

In most groups the girls plan the program for the Council 
Fire. It is a good plan to have a committee of girls take 
charge of the preparation. Each Council Fire ought to be dif¬ 
ferent from the Council Fire which was held last time. There 
are always special days, special things to emphasize. Some 
time you may want a patriotic Council Fire, or a Seek Beauty, 

98 


The Council Fire 


99 


or a Give Service Council Fire. Sometimes you may want 
to write your own ceremonies for the lighting of the fire or 
candles (if it is impossible to have a fire, candles are substi¬ 
tuted, but always as the symbols of fire), or you will want to 
vary the ceremonies and ritual (see the Handbook for Guard¬ 
ians). 

Remember that the Council Fire is your meeting; it must be 
the expression of you and the other girls in your group. Make 
it as beautiful and as interesting as you can by doing your 
share to bring your best to it. Remember that the Council 
Fire is almost a pageant. You must plan its setting, choosing 
a beautiful spot to hold it, either out-of-doors or indoors. It 
has of itself beauty and color; the firelight on the girls’ faces, 
their ceremonial gowns blending into the background of the 
trees or the decorations of the room create an atmosphere of 
good and noble things. You must therefore introduce nothing 
that will be inharmonious or out of the picture. It is not the 
place for jokes and funny stories. Remember that it is the first 
mark of culture and intelligence to know what sort of conduct 
is appropriate to the occasion. 

A Council Fire usually begins with the Wohelo Call. The 
girls all salute their Guardian, who stands in the center of the 
circle with the Handsign of Fire (see page 64). Then the fire 
(or candles) is lighted with some ceremony. We print the 
most popular ceremony in this book. Others are printed in 
the Handbook for Guardians. 

The girls often like to get the spark for the fire by rubbing 
sticks. It requires technique to get the spark quickly this way, 
so the girl who attempts it should have proven herself capable. 
When the spark is made, a candle or taper is lighted from it 
and then with ceremony the fire is kindled. 

The Camp Fire Girls are fortunate in having several beau¬ 
tiful songs written especially for them by W. H. Neidlinger. 
These are obtainable from the Camp Fire Outfitting Company, 
197 Greene Street, New York City, for 25 cents. There are 
seven songs, among these “Burn, Fire, Burn,” “The Boating 
Song,” “Mammy Moon,” and “Lay Me to Sleep in the Shelter¬ 
ing Flame” are the favorites. 


100 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

It is usually these songs, sung beautifully and in parts, that 
the girls sing at their Council Fires. “America the Beautiful” 
is another favorite, especially at ceremonials. 

After a song has been sung, the girls repeat the Law and 
then honor beads are presented. Often the girls tell how they 
have won some of the beads or act out in pantomime the win¬ 
ning of certain honors. 

When ranks are conferred, the candidates usually give some 
explanation of how they won certain requirements or give a 
two-minute talk upon some point connected with the rank, or 
they repeat the Desire (see pages 66, 69, 72) for the rank. 
There are certain ceremonies for the conferring of the ranks 
printed in the Handbook for Guardians. Any of these may be 
used if desired. 

When there are new members to be taken into the group, 
there should be some special ceremony of welcome by the 
group and a declaration of loyalty on the part of the new 
members. 

There should always be a talk by the Guardian or one or 
more of the girls at a Council Fire. This should be short and 
with a definite point. Often a poem or short reading could be 
substituted. Every girl should leave the Council Fire feeling 
that she had contributed something worth while to the meeting. 

The meeting closes with a song. “Lay Me to Sleep in the 
Sheltering Flame” is a beautiful closing song. If you carry 
away something singing and shining in your heart, you will 
know that for you, at least, your Council Fire has been a 
success. 

Grand Council Fire 

Once or twice a year several groups get together for a 
Grand Council Fire. Such meetings are very impressive, for 
there always are girls of all ages and kinds taking part. 
Sometimes groups come from nearby cities or towns or rural 
communities, and the girls realize for the first time that Camp 
Fire is bigger than their own group. 

In a Grand Council Fire it Is the group that takes part and 
not the individual girls. 



lOI 


Camp—^here girls from many communities learn to live and play together 






































102 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

Because of the number taking part in a Grand Council Fire, 
it is important that every Camp Fire Girl be considerate of the 
others and refrain from whispering or talking or laughing 
either before or during the Council Fire. 

What to Wear at a Council Fire 

of course if you have a ceremonial gown, you always wear 
it to a Council Fire unless your Guardian decides that, for 
some reason, you will all wear middies, etc. If you have no 
gown, you should wear a dark blue skirt, clean white middy, 
and black or red tie. 

The girls in gowns should enter the circle first and the girls 
in middies follow them. In a Grand Council Fire the girls in 
gowns should form an inner circle, the girls in middies form an 
outer circle. 

Fire or Candle Lighting Ceremony 

Three girls are selected to light the three candles or to light 
the fire from three sides. The Guardian holds a lighted taper 
or candle, and the first girl lights her taper from the Guardian’s 
light. She then lights the candle or puts her taper into the fire, 
saying: 

“I light the light of Work, for Wohelo means work.” She 
lights one candle, then stands and says: 

“We glorify work, because through 
work we are free. We work to 
win, to conquer, to be masters. 

We work for the joy of the work¬ 
ing, and because we are free. 

Wohelo means work.” 

She then rises and stands until the ceremony is completed. 
The second girl then lights her taper from the Guardian’s 
light, lights her candle, or, in case of a fire, puts her taper into 
the fire, saying: 

“We hold .on to health, because 
through health we serve and are 
happy. In caring for the health 


The Council Fire 


103 


and beauty of our persons we are 
caring for the very shrine of the 
Great Spirit. 

Wohelo means health.” 

She also remains standing throughout the ceremony. The 
third girl does just as the other two girls have done, saying: 

“We light the Light of Love for 
love is comradeship and motherhood, 
and fatherhood, and all dear kinship. 

Love is the joy of service so deep that 
self is forgotten. 

Wohelo means Love.” 

The three girls then return to their places in the circle 






CHAPTER VII 


LET’S BE BUSINESS¬ 
LIKE 


only restriction is that they 
must be at least eleven years old. Camp Fire groups are usually 
formed of a number of girls who are naturally thrown to¬ 
gether, that is, girls who live in the same neighborhood, or be¬ 
long to the same class at school or at Sunday School. Because 
they are already friends, they work happily together in Camp 
Fire. But that is no reason why Camp Fire groups may not be 
formed of girls who have not previously known each other. At 
the Camp Fire camps where girls from a number of groups 
attend, you have a chance to become acquainted with a great 
many girls whom you have not known before. Camp Fire wants 
you to be democratic. There is an honor given for knowing 
every girl in camp. At the big Council Fires too, you have 
a chance to make new friends. 

If a class at school or a Sunday School class forms a Camp 
Fire group, all who belong to the class become members of 
Camp Fire, and as new girls join the class they automatically 
become members of Camp Fire too. 

If your Camp Fire group is not connected with any other 
organization but is made up a number of girls who were 
friends to start with, you may or may not feel it necessary to 
vote on new members. In voting, however, remember that your 
Camp Fire group is one unit of a very big organization, and 
that every girl, according to our constitution, has a right to 
belong to Camp Fire. Whether she belongs to your particular 
group or not may rest with you. In the way you decide this 



Choosing New Members 

Camp Fire is for all girls. 


r 


104 







Let’s Be Businesslike 


lOS 


question, you have a chance to show what Camp Fire really 
means to you, and whether or not you know the real meaning 
of Camp Fire Spirit. 

Take the cases of these two girls, for instance: It is easy 
enough to vote on a girl like Alice Jane, because she is so 
attractive, with her unusual combination of blue eyes and black 
hair, her good natured smile, and her way of being a good 
sport about everything. All the girls like her and want her 
to belong to their Camp Fire. The Guardian wants her too, 
because she realizes that Alice Jane will be a dependable and 
enthusiastic member. 

But what about Sarah? That is altogether another matter. 
Some of the girls know her well and like her, others don’t 
know her, and of these there are one or two who are positive 
that they never in the world could get to like her at all. As 
for the Guardian, she has not been very much impressed with 
Sarah, when she came as a guest to several Camp Fire meet¬ 
ings. She seemed to be a very quiet, rather awkward sort of 
girl. On the other hand, the Guardian knows that her school 
record is splendid, and that she has already designed some 
posters that an older girl with much more training would be 
proud of. Sarah is the only child of a professor and her 
mother is dead. Perhaps it is just such companionship as she 
would find in Camp Fire that she needs to help her overcome 
her own shyness in the fun of working and playing with the 
other girls. The girls who like her are sure they want her. 
But what about the others? 

How would your Camp Fire vote in a case like this? 

Such problems are always difficult and the solving of them 
requires all your good judgment, sense of fair play and gen¬ 
erosity. You certainly don’t want a girl in your group who 
is going to cause unpleasantness because she Is disliked by 
some of the members, but you will want to be very sure that 
you have given the question every fair and generous considera¬ 
tion before you vote against letting a girl belong to your Camp 
Fire. 

In the first place, Camp Fire is not a snobbish little club, 
formed of a few intimate friends. It belongs to all girls. Of 



Your Guardian is 


your friend and your comrade 


106 






Let’s Be Businesslike 


107 


course your group will be more happy and successful if all 
your members are congenial, but did you ever stop to think that 
perhaps if you dislike a girl, it may be as much a criticism 
of you as of the girl you dislike? It may mean that you are 
so narrow-minded and petty in spirit that you cannot look be¬ 
yond the difference in taste or personality, or whatever it is 
you dislike. It is almost always those who are mean and little 
themselves who are most critical of other people, while a 
broad-minded and generous girl is usually popular, because she 
is willing to give another girl the benefit of the doubt, and 
while she may not actually like her a great deal, at least she 
does not actively dislike her or criticise her. We like to think 
of Camp Fire Girls as “joining hands around the world,” 
which means not only that we have Camp Fires in a great 
many countries, but means too that we are cosmopolitan, or 
citizens of the whole world, glad to understand and be friendly 
with those who are different from us, and that we are not 
bound by our own small prejudices. 

So that is the first point to bear in mind when voting on a 
new member. Don’t let your criticism of a girl be in reality 
a criticism of yourself. 

Secondly, if there is any question at all about letting a girl 
join your group, be sure to talk it over frankly in a regular 
meeting with the Guardian present. It is not fair to whisper 
to a friend what you are afraid to say in the open, especially 
when the question concerns you all. 

Thirdly, will you think of the question from this unselfish 
point of view, not only whether you want the girl, but does 
she need Camp Fire, and will it mean unhappiness to her if she 
is excluded from your group? 

Undoubtedly your Guardian will be able to help you to de¬ 
cide. Of course she will not want to dictate, but her opinion 
will be valuable. She probably knows you all pretty well, 
and can tell whether or not a girl is likely to fit into your 
group. 

There is no national ruling about voting on new members. 
It is one of those things that every Camp Fire group has to 
decide for itself. However, at one of our National Con- 


108 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

ferences, the matter was talked over, and everyone seemed to 
feel the same about several points. In the first place it was 
decided that secret balloting was not a good thing. By a 
secret ballot we mean that everyone voting writes on a slip of 
paper, “Yes” or “No” and puts it into the ballot box without 
letting anyone else see the vote. Then if there is one vote 
against the girl she is “black-balled” and no one knows who 
is responsible for keeping her out. It seems much fairer to 
discuss the girl openly and say just what you think. Perhaps 
someone has an altogether wrong opinion of her which may 
be corrected, or perhaps it is just a prejudice that seems so 
silly when you try to put it into words that you all realize it 
was scarcely reason enough for keeping the girl out. 

Another point agreed upon was'that to require a unanimous 
vote was also unfair. A vote is unanimous when every single 
person agrees. This sort of vote, and secret balloting is used 
in exclusive clubs, but is rather out of place in a democratic 
Camp Fire group. It is much fairer to decide by majority 
vote, that is, if more than half of the girls want the new girl, 
she is admitted. Probably the others will get to like her, too, 
and be very glad they let her in. At least they will have 
enough Camp Fire spirit not to be antagonistic and to give her 
a chance. 

Women’s clubs and women’s organizations of all sorts are 
playing a more and more important part in the world. They 
are getting to be a real factor to be reckoned with both in 
local communities and in the life and government of the na¬ 
tion. Think of your Camp Fire group in this light and let all 
your transactions be dignified. 

Choosing new members is a test not so much of the new 
members, as of yourselves. Be generous, be broadminded, be 
businesslike. 

Records and Business Methods 

Your scribe or your secretary will keep the record or min¬ 
utes of your meetings. You may keep these in the count book 
furnished by the Camp Fire Outfitting Company, or you may 
make a count book of your own designing. There are very 


Let’s Be Businesslike 


109 


attractive ones, lent by different Camp Fires, which are on 
exhibit at National Headquarters. Some have fascinating little 
illustrations done in color in the margin. Some are illustrated 
with photographs. Others have no pictures at all but are 
written so beautifully that they are a pleasure to read. 

Of course the main reason for keeping a record of your meet¬ 
ings is so that you will know later on, what you have done. 
Sometimes a grave discussion arises and the only way to settle 
it is to have in writing an actual record of what happened. 
Therefore, the first consideration from a business point of view 
is that your records should be complete and accurate. 

But there is another point to consider, and that is your own 
pleasure in them. That is why we have our count books, and 
why we try to write them, both as to appearance and language, 
in the very best way we can. 

Your secretary too, will answer all letters addressed to your 
group, except those to National Headquarters and The Camp 
Fire Outfitting Company. Promptness in answering letters is 
a business and a social courtesy. Your secretary should keep 
all letters received and copies of answers. They are much 
more easy to get at if they are filed alphabetically. A single 
letter file would be enough for your Camp Fire to start on, 
and you can add to it later if you need to. 

All letters to National Headquarters and to The Camp Fire 
Outfitting Company should be answered in the name of the 
Guardian since the records at National Headquarters are kept 
in the Guardians’ names. Your secretary should write the let¬ 
ters and let thfe Guardian sign them. 

In writing to National Headquarters it is a good idea to 
indicate on the envelope the person or department for whom 
the letter is intended. Dues go to the Accounting Depart¬ 
ment, communications in regard to Everygirl’s to the Depart¬ 
ment of Publications, orders for supplies to the Camp Fire 
Outfitting Company, and any business letters in regard to the 
taking of subscriptions for the Camp Fire Magazine Bureau, 
go to Mr. Charles A. Rockhill, 324 Perry Building, Philadel¬ 
phia, Pa. 

When possible, type letters, because they are easier to read. 


THE SMOWKOON THETHUNPEaMOOW 

Ja'yvuary July 


hunger ] 

Febvuavy 


7H& CAOM MOON 

M ar aK 


ApY lL 




TK^ hunger moon the green corn or 
RCO moon 


A us*t 

THE HVHTINC MOON 
s^pt e 'mber 


THE WilO GOOSE MOON THE LEAF FALLING 

MOON 


6 ctobay 


THE SONG OR PLANT- THE ICE-FORMIMG 

tNG MOON moon 

M ay Wove'm.bev 


THE ROSE MOON 
J u. na e 


THE LONG NIGHT MOON 

D e c e-wt be V 


The months in moons 


no 


Let’s Be Businesslike 


111 


easier to file, and easier for you to make a carbon copy. If 
you write in longhand take pains to make your letter legible. 
Some people seem to think that it is a sign of genius to write 
so that no one can read what you have written, because per¬ 
haps some poor genius was a bad penman. As a matter of 
fact, it is more apt to be a sign of stupid carelessness and 
people will judge you accordingly. 

The treasurer, of course, will keep your financial accounts. 
For treasurer it would be well to elect someone who is taking 
the business course at school, or if no one in your group is 
taking that course, I am sure that the head of that department 
or some teacher will be glad to help you. Perhaps he or she 
might even accept an invitation to attend a Camp Fire meet¬ 
ing and give a talk on the keeping of accounts. The father 
of one of the girls in your group or some friend may be a 
banker or an auditor or a business man who knows a good 
deal about bookkeeping and business methods. Ask him to help 
you. He would undoubtedly be glad to do it, and enjoy being 
asked. 

All the money that belongs to your group should be kept in 
the bank, and drawn out by check. This account should be 
in the name of your Guardian who should be the one to sign 
the checks. 

Be sure to make out your checks properly. If you have had 
no experience, here is where your business advisor can help 
you. Always make all checks sent to Camp Fire Headquarters 
out to Camp Fire Girls, Inc. 

Keep an absolutely accurate account, on the stubs of your 
check book, of the money you draw out and the balance in the 
bank. It is easy enough to make mistakes, but the overdrawn 
account is one of the unforgivable sins of the business world. 
Be sure that you have money enough in the bank to cover any 
check you draw and save yourself and your group needless 
embarrassment. 

Businesslike Business Meetings 

Every once in a while you will have business to transact to 
which you may wish to devote part or all of your meeting. 


112 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

About once a month you might dedicate a meeting to business 
first, with fun afterwards or you may want to have a short 
business session at the beginning of all of your meetings except 
entertainments and Council Fires. 

Keep your business meetings strictly businesslike. Conduct 
them according to Section 44, Roberts’ “Rules of Order.” 

The order of business is very simple and should always be 
followed. 

1. Reading of minutes of the previous meeting (and their 

approval). 

2. Reports of standing committees. 

3. Reports of special committees. 

4. Unfinished business. 

5. New business. 

Let your business meetings be carried on in a clean cut 
orderly manner. Get your business over, not with undue haste 
but with promptness and without delay; then have your fun. 
Speak only by permission of the president or chairman and do 
not let your meaning degenerate into a talking contest. 

Mixing fun and business never works out very well. The 
fun gets lost by the way and the business gets to be a bore. 
So keep them separate, and enjoy them both. 

Rules, do you want them? 

We often think, “The fewer rules the better,” but every 
once in a while when questions come up, we wish we had 
some rule to go by. What a confusion there would be in a 
basket ball or tennis game if the rules weren’t established be¬ 
forehand. Have you ever noticed at a baseball game how the 
umpire, referee, and captains of the two teams get together 
before the game begins and decide on what they call “Ground 
Rules”? These are in addition to the regular rules which 
govern all baseball games. They apply to that particular 
game on that particular field. 

Rules, if you have them for your local group, would be like 
these ground rules. We have our National rulings about the 
things that apply to all Camp Fires, about honors and dues, 
requirements for rank, and so forth, but you may want some 



1X3 


\ 


It ts something to he able to paddle your o^wn canoe 



















114 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

special rules of your own, in keeping, of course, with the Na¬ 
tional ones but governing special points that are left for you 
to decide for yourselves. 

If you have rules of this sort, why not put them into a con¬ 
stitution and by-laws? The constitution itself will contain the 
fundamental rules, and the by-laws will deal with special 
rules and details. 

The committee to draw up the constitution should be com¬ 
posed of members of your group, appointed by the Guardian. 
She will help the committee, if they need help, and if not the 
committee should submit the constitution and by-laws to her for 
approval before presenting it to the group as a whole for their 
vote. 

You can find out how to draw up a constitution on Page 155, 
Section 49 of Roberts’ “Rules of Order.” This book, by the way, 
is the recognized authority on parliamentary law. In it you 
can find rules for carrying on your meetings, so it would be a 
very good thing if the group could own a copy. At least you 
can get it from the library when you need it for reference. 

Of course before your constitution and by-laws are written, 
all the points must be discussed in a group meeting, so that 
the committee knows what to include. You will have to decide 
before the committee draws up the constitution what you want 
to do about such things as new members, dues, absence of 
members, winning of honors, and so forth. 

“Choosing New Members” fnay help you to decide what to 
put in your constitution about that. 

You may also want to make some rule about payment of 
dues. Of course there is the National rule that a whole Camp 
Fire is dropped unless the dues are paid within the month in 
which dues are payable. (National Headquarters sends a 
statement to each Guardian on the first of the month in which 
the dues of her group are payable.) So every girl in the 
group should do her share to get the group dues in on time. 
You may prefer, in your group, to pay five cents apiece each 
week, which in a year would make two dollars and sixty cents 
from each girl, a dollar for her National dues, and a dollar 
and sixty cents per girl for your own Camp Fire treasury. Or 


Let’s Be Businesslike 


115 


perhaps you would rather each pay your dollar for National 
dues, and work together to raise money for the things you want 
to do locally, such as camping, service, entertainments, and so 
forth. 

If individual girls are slow about getting their dues in on 
time, you may want to include a penalty for this in your con¬ 
stitution. There is no Camp Fire ruling on this point, so it is 
for you to decide. Perhaps you may rule that the girl should 
be fined for every week or month that she is late in paying her 
dues, or you may make the rule that she should be dropped if 
she has not paid them by a certain time and then reinstated, if 
she pays them later. Of course, even with such a rule in your 
constitution you will take special cases into consideration, such 
as a case of a girl’s actually being unable to pay her dues be¬ 
cause of some emergency. Since all Camp Fire Girls should 
earn their dues, anyway, it should not, under ordinary circum¬ 
stances be any harder for one girl to pay them than for another. 

You may also want to include in your constitution a penalty 
for the girl who does not attend meetings. This is for you 
and your Guardian to decide. You may if you want to, rule 
that a girl who is absent from a certain number of meetings 
without good excuse (illness or being out of town) should be 
dropped from the group. 

Another ruling that some Camp Fire groups include in their 
constitutions is about the winning of honors. Camp Fire 
National rulings say that you need to win certain honors 
for each rank, and that you receive beads when you have won 
an honor, but do not say that you must win so many honors in 
a given length of time. It sometimes happens that all the girls 
in a group will be busily working for honors and one girl will 
not work at all, will never win an honor, nor make an effort 
toward earning her rank. If a girl shows as much indifference 
as that, it hardly seems as if she really deserves a place in 
Camp Fire. In this case the Guardian would have a personal 
talk with the girl and explain to her the necessity of working 
for honors or the advisability of dropping out until she could 
give more time to Camp Fire and derive real benefit from the 
program. 


116 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

Some groups have made a ruling that unless a girl wins a 
certain minimum number of honors, which they decide upon, 
she must forfeit her privilege of being a Camp Fire Girl. 

This is a problem which very rarely arises, however, because 
once a girl has become a member of Camp Fire, she usually 
does the very things which win honors for her, not so much 
for the honors themselves, but because it is all a part of her 
Camp Fire life. 

Consider all these points which you may and may not wish 
to include in your constitution and by-laws before the com¬ 
mittee which is to draw up the constitution gets to work. It 
will save a great deal of discussion and changing if they know 
fairly well what you want in your constitution before they go 
to all the trouble of writing it out. When it has been drawn 
up, and has the approval of your Guardian, it should be voted 
on by the members of your Camp Fire at a regular business 
meeting. Each article and by-law must be voted on separately, 
and amended (or changed) if it is not what the majority of the 
girls want. Roberts’ “Rules of Order” will tell you the proper 
way to do this. 

Be sure to include in your constitution a rule for changing or 
amending it. Usually previous notice of the amendment is re¬ 
quired and also a three-fourths or two-thirds vote for its 
adoption. Section 45 of Roberts’ “Rules of Order” explains this. 

If you have rules in the form of a constitution and by-laws 
follow them. A constitution is no good unless it is law to you, 
so be careful to put into it only that which you are prepared 
to live up to. 

Earning Group Expenses 

There are so many different enterprises in which Camp 
Fire Girls take part and for which they raise money that it 
would take a whole book in itself to tell about them all. Prac¬ 
tically all Camp Fire groups go camping and usually earn the 
money for their camping expenses. There are projects like 
the Ship of the Seattle Girls, the fireplace which Camp Fire 
Girls of Dallas gave to their community, and the community 
library which girls of Kuna, Idaho, are responsible for. 


Let’s Be Businesslike 


117 


In order to support such group activities as these and many 
like them, Camp Fire Girls have found many clever ways of 
earning money. You will find plenty of suggestions on which 
you no doubt can improve or which you can adopt in your own 
group. 

Whatever money raising enterprise you undertake bear in 
mind these steps to success: 

1. Make your plans a long time ahead. 

2. Have one person in charge and give her your loyal 

support. 

3. Divide up the work so that each has her share of re¬ 

sponsibility and no one bears the whole burden. 

4. Keep accurate and businesslike accounts of money spent 

for expenses and money received. 

5. Give value for value received. A little more than people 

expect makes friends for next time. 

6. Remember you have Camp Fire’s reputation at stake as 

well as your own. Whatever Camp Fire Girls under¬ 
take they carry through to successful completion. 












CHAPTER VIII 

WHAT KIND OF CAMP 
FIRE GIRL ARE YOU? 

Are manners something that you may happen to come with, 
like a turned-up nose, and can’t ever change or acquire ? Or 
can you go after them and get them? We believe that you 
can acquire them and this is the reason: 

Manners belong with all things in this world that we call 
beauty; they are like a picture an artist paints, in that their 
beauty is only to be had, first, by a definite knowledge of what 
you want and then by constant and incessant practice. 

You must be sincere about manners, with a sincerity that 
springs from a true love of people and a desire always and 
forever to do the kindest thing. 

No set of rules is going to help you get this fundamental 
attitude. But without it all the prettily affected manners in 
the world are going to be found worthless. 

Do you know that you are going to be judged, almost above 
everything else, by the way you treat your mother? It is so 
easy to be thoughtless when one is young and eager and in a 
hurry. One good general rule is to give her the preference in 
every possible way and to act always as if she were a guest 
;of great importance. 

Do you carry packages for her and answer the telephone 
for her? Do you always introduce all the friends who come 
to your mother? If you don’t, it looks as if you were ashamed 
either of them or of her, and you don’t want to give such an 
impression either way, of course! 

And it is always your mother who should issue invitations 
for everything at your house, even in askipg your boy friends 

ii8 








Standards 


119 


to Stay to dinner. Do you give her presents other times be¬ 
sides her birthday and on Christmas out of your own allow¬ 
ance? And do you malce these presents little things that she 
will want, little frills and furbelows that she can wear and 
have all for herself and not something for the house, to benefit 
everybody? 

Politeness Is to Do and Say— 

You may have grown to hate the word “politeness,” but the 
idea back of it is really a very likable and solid one. Take it 
in the matter of introductions. They are important. You know 
how awkward it is not to be introduced to strangers when you 
first see them in a group. Learn to be graceful about receiv¬ 
ing as well as giving introductions. 

Cultivate a good telephone voice. Talk slowly, distinctly, 
and keep your voice low. Be brief and don’t be flippant over 
the telephone. You may be taking more people’s time than 
you realize. 

Another place in which your manners reveal the kind of 
person you are is when you answer 3"our own door or go to 
some other person’s. Be courteous, clear, and brief. 

Answering invitations is important. In these days of tele¬ 
phones, few personal calls and fewer letters, invitations are 
sometimes treated altogether too informally. People appreciate 
knowing whether or not you plan to accept an invitation—un¬ 
less they state that you do not need to let them know. 

Whether or not you acknowledge gifts promptly is another 
earmark of breeding. It is very discouraging to give a gift 
and then have it ignored. Letters with questions in them 
should be promptly attended to also, and always are by the 
truly thoughtful person. 

You want people to like you, and it is right that you should. 
Every normal human being wants to be liked and be popular. 
People will like you if you are considerate of them. The basis 
of courtesy—another word for manners—is consideration. 

Try to get the other person’s point of view and take it into 
account. There are no set rules for manners Each situation 
is a little bit different from any other because of the people 


120 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

involved. You must learn to judge them for yourself and act 
in the kindest and wisest way. Set a high standard of courtesy 
for yourself and live up to it. 

The Etiquette of Camp 

One of the secrets of being happy at camp is learning to do 
without things, so see that nothing goes into your duffle bag 
but what is specified on the slips the director sends out telling 
what to bring to camp. Jewelry and middy blouses, for exam¬ 
ple, were never intended for one another. Rings have the bad 
habit of coming off in the water, so it’s much better to leave 
them at home. 

Isn’t it fortunate that you always sing “Grace” before sit¬ 
ting down at the table? No matter how hungry you are, you 
just can’t crowd and jostle around a table with those lovely 
words in your mind, can you? 

Then there’s that tendency to save a place for a favorite at 
dinner, but it isn’t at all democratic. Think how you’d feel if 
you were a new girl and some one said, “But this place is 
taken,” just as you were ready to sit down. 

Sometimes when you have your heart set on a good game of 
tennis it’s most discouraging to find that some thoughtless per¬ 
son has left two’of the practically new rackets out in the wet 
grass over night! Some one else has misplaced the marker, so 
your game is spoiled, for it’s no fun playing with a broken 
racket and you simply must have lines on a tennis court. 

So you see that, while using camp equipment inconsiderately 
may seem a small thing at first, it is really most important, for 
it affects so largely the happiness of the whole camp. Camp 
manners are but the outward expression of that intangible 
something called “camp spirit.” 

When you go back to the city you won’t remember, perhaps, 
the exact number of acres in your camp site nor how much the 
camp equipment cost, but you will remember, with a warm 
glow in your heart, the spirit of love and good fellowship that 
prevailed. In addition, may you be proud to have had even 
a tiny share in making every girl’s season in camp a beautiful 
memory. Everyday manners have a great deal to do with this. 


Standards 


121 


Keeping the chart itself is very much like playing a game. Look at 
it and agree. Look at its dashing border that is made up of symbols 
that convey the health idea. At the top are sun symbols, and the 
Health Symbol, the water bird for cleanliness, the Arapho Long Night 
symbol for sleep, and the dots or Indian tracking symbol for exercise. 



On either side are the pine trees as an inspiration to grow tall and 
straight with heads held high. The rain symbol is there too and the 
stars in each upper corner because healthy girls brave and enjoy rain 
and sleep under the stars. At the bottom is a row of Camp Fire Girls 
with their tooth brushes. 

















122 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

A wonderful time at camp depends on taking certain man¬ 
ners along. Remember this when you are tempted to race to 
the table, gobble down your food, not pass the muffins, shirk 
tent duty, leave the balls and bats and rackets out all night 
It’s being careful about little things like this that will give 
your camp the fine reputation you want it to have. 

Where Health Comes In 

As a Camp Fire Girl you have certain standards on health 
that are so important that you feel disgraced when you neglect 
any of the details that make up these standards. Gradually 
these standards become habits and you then have a foundation 
for health that frees you for getting the best out of living. 

Sleep, cleanliness, food, and exercise are the four corner¬ 
stones of health. Laying these foundations firmly consists of 
certain early-to-rise, day time, and early-to-bed habits. If a 
Camp Fire Girl keeps such a schedule, she is going to be a 
stranger to colds, headaches, nausea, and all the other ailments 
that used to be the order of the day with girls. 

There is nothing so thrilling as health. Pale, clinging vines 
have gone out and girls today know that they look their best 
when they are well and strong. And who wants to be any¬ 
thing less than her most attractive all the time? 

Every Camp Fire Girl should know about and keep the 
Health Chart. If you keep it for a year, you win a national 
health honor. It is a good plan for every girl to keep it at 
least one month before going to camp. Ask your Guardian to 
send to The Outfitting Company for charts. Put yours on the 
wall of your room or keep it in your desk where you can 
check it up every day. 

Do You Get Enough Sleep? 

When preparing for sleep, remove all your clothing, as it 
has been absorbing the impurities from the skin all day, 
especially the clothes worn next to your skin. Hang up your 
day clothes or place them on a chair where plenty of fresh 
air can get at them. 

Wear night clothes that do not bind or press against the 


Standards 


,123 


body at any point. Tight bands and strings may impede cir¬ 
culation, or cause disturbed sleep. 

We hardly need to add that you should not go to bed before 
you have opened one or more windows in your room. We find 
that some people still think that if the room is cold, they do not 
need to let in fresh cold air. 

If you are fortunate enough to have a sleeping porch, use 
it by all means. Be sure the bed clothing is warm and of 
light weight material. Heavy weight clothing weighs the body 
down and does not invite refreshing sleep. 

Each girl should find out the actual number of hours of sleep 
which she needs for her schedule and which keep her healthy 
and well. The very least sleep required for girls under sixteen 
years is nine hours; girls over that age eight hours. Some 
doctors add an hour to each. 

Cleanliness, Inside and Out 

The Health Chart says be clean, inside and out, not only hy 
taking a bath when you need one, but by drinking water, and 
by having free and daily bowel elimination, clean hands and 
nails, and clean hair. With a glass of water between meals 
and one with each meal and two the first thing in the morning 
the awful chore of drinking eight glasses of water each day 
is taken care of. 

Of course a shower is the best and most beneficial method 
of taking a cold bath. Watch to see if your reaction is quick 
and that you warm up immediately. If your heart is weak 
don’t take a plunge or a shower but make the sponge and 
brisk rub-down a habit. 

Your morning duties are not finished until you have brushed 
your teeth thoroughly, with a tooth paste which is not too 
strong for the enamel of the teeth. Any tooth pastes, which 
haven’t too much grittiness in them, are safe. 

When thinking of cleanliness, never forget that the inside 
of the body needs attention In more ways than the outside 
of the skin. A good brisk walk, exercise, and the right kind 
of food and water each day, are the best kind of medicine one 
can prescribe. 


124 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 


Good Posture Is a Graceful Art 

How much posture counts in creating a favorable first im¬ 
pression, and how much it reveals of a girl’s personality. 

Health is not all habits of sleep, water drinking and bath¬ 
ing. There is a fun side to it, also. Look over the Health 
Honors and see how many of them are based on a knowledge 
of games and recreation. 

The Camp Fire health trail leads you to a thorough knowl¬ 
edge of swimming, tennis, canoeing, skating and other popular 
summer and winter sports. Because you keep the health chart, 
you are in good trim and able to learn to do these outdoor 
things skillfully. Any girl is handicapped who does not know 
how to play at least one game well. Every girl ought to have 
a working knowledge of at least three. 

A girl cannot suddenly assume a graceful posture when she 
wants to make a good impression, for, if she is selfconscious, 
she will be stiff and awkward. Good posture must be habitual 
to be pleasing. 

To correct bad posture, it is important to begin with the feet, 
which are the foundation of the body. They are usually treated 
badly, and the larger they are the harder the misusage is apt 
to be. Girls prop their bodies on a frail foundation, or a shoe 
with pointed toes and high heels which Is narrow across the 
ball of the foot. 

In correcting bad posture, take off enough clothes so that the 
outline of the body can be easily seen, and stand sideways in 
front of a long mirror. 

Now grow tall: feel yourself pulling up through the ankles 
and knees, pull in the abdominal muscles, bring the upper 
trunk forward until the hollow in the lower back is eliminated 
except for natural curves. With the pulling in of the abdomen 
the chest will lead the rest of the body, and the shoulders be¬ 
come straightened, but be sure not to pull the shoulders up 
too high and keep the muscles relaxed. 

Rest the head back against an imaginary collar, keeping 
the chin in. Now see if you have the feeling of hanging from 
the top of your head, and that you are standing as tall as pos- 


% 



I2S 


Archery is fun and good exercise, too 
















126 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

sible. If you have been in the habit of letting your abdomen 
protrude, you will feel as if you couldn’t possibly keep this 
position, but try until the muscles become accustomed to the 
new idea, then you will feel uncomfortable when the abdomenal 
muscles are relaxed. 

Few Shoes That Really Fit 

The foot has enough troubles, just being encased in hard, 
stiff leather, without all the unnecessary evils of our so-called 
fashionable stylish and dainty shoe. Why shouldn’t a shoe 
made to fit the shape of the foot be just as stylish as one which 
distorts the foot? It is well to remember that we have the 
same two feet to walk on as long as we live, and if they become 
damaged early in life, they never regain their normal strength 
and beauty. 

There Is a Thrift Chart for You 

Every Camp Fire Girl should know that there is a thrift 
plan for her, made definite, simple and practical by a thrift 
chart. This is nothing more or less than a way of keeping an 
account of your money, how it comes in and the ways in which 
you spend it. 

The interesting thing about really keeping track of your 
money is that it results or at least seems to, in giving you more 
to spend. Possibly this is because you grow more careful 
about spending it as you begin to appreciate its value. If you 
keep the thrift chart for six months in succession, you win a 
national thrift honor. You can find out more about this by 
consulting the chapter on Honors, page 6o. 

You will have much less confusion and worry about money 
if you live on a budget. Don’t think that this does not apply 
to you because you have a small allowance or else work and 
have not a large salary. It is even more important to budget 
if your funds are limited. So start now to use the Camp Fire 
Girls’ thrift plan. You will like it. 



I 


THINGS CAMP FIRE 
GIRLS LIKE TO DO 
WITH THEIR HANDS 


CHAPTER IX 


There is something very satisfying and beautiful about mak¬ 
ing things with our hands, especially if we do not use other 
people’s patterns but create our own designs. Some girls are 
tremendously fortunate in being able to make lovely things. 
They have the craftsman’s sensitive hands and fashion their 
work with painstaking and delicate care, so that whatever 
they have made has the beauty of a lovely thing; other girls 
with a keen artistic sense, recognize beauty in the work of 
others and can create in their minds’ eyes beautiful designs 
but lack something of the knack of craftsmanship so that their 
execution is faulty and bungling. This, however, can almost 
always be overcome by a little patience and experience. 

Each Camp Fire Girl has her own personal symbol as well n 
as the symbol of her group and the honor and rank symbols, 
so here is a wealth of material to start out with in creating 
beautiful things. Your room is always so much more your 
own if you have expressed your own taste in its furnishing. 

You can use your Camp Fire symbol as a design for the deco¬ 
ration of curtains, cushions, dresser scarfs, and so forth. In 
all things that we make we should bear in mind that sim¬ 
plicity of design and harmony of color are two very important 
elements of beauty. We should also consider whatever we 
make from the practical point of view of cleanliness. Be- 


127 



128 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

ribboned silk furbelows and dust collectors which cannot be 
easily washed or kept clean seem to indicate a fussy and dusty 
mind. Whatever a Camp Fire Girl uses about her person or 
about her home should have the essential beauty of cleanliness 
and freshness. 

That is one reason why wood blocking and stencilling are so 
popular. They can both be done on materials which launder 
weir, and if the proper precautions are taken when the paint 
is mixed, the colors will not run nor fade. 

We are not going to take up pages and pages with directions 
for handicraft. Somewhere at the end of this book you will 
find references to books which deal with the different crafts in 
detail. Very briefly, however, we shall describe some of the 
things Camp Fire Girls seem to like best to do. 

Wood or Linoleum Cuts ^ 

The design should be very simple with no indefinite nor 
curlykewy lines to complicate it. Most Camp Fire symbols 
lend themselves well to block printing because they are pur¬ 
posely made delightfully simple. Draw the design first on 
white paper. Blacken the background so that just the part you 
want to appear printed will be left white. Now paste this 
whole design on your wood or linoleum block. 

The Block 

Though we usually speak of this process as “wood blocking’* 
as a matter of fact, we use linoleum more and more because 
it is so much easier to cut than wood. Buy battleship linoleum 
and cut a rectangular piece the size of your design. After you 
have pasted your design on the wrong side of the linoleum, 
cut away the blackened part of the design or background, 
carving it out smoothly until you reach the cloth. Take a very 
sharp knife, a pen knife, jack knife, or even a vegetable knife 
if it is sharp enough. This will leave your design standing 
in relief about a quarter of an inch high. Remove the paper 
on which the design was originally drawn and your block is 
ready for printing. 


Handicraft 


129 


The Paint 

Use oils and mix your own colors. Use turpentine to thin 
the paint, but use it sparingly. The paint should be thinned 
just enough so that you can pour it, add one drop of acetic 
acid to a pint of mixed paint. This will act as a mordant and 
make the color fast. With a brush lightly paint over the surface 
of the raised design and press it on the cloth. If you add one- 
eighth part of wintergreen to the mixture the odor of the 
turpentine and acid will be neutralized. 

The Cloth 

Any material, even khaki may be used for wood blocking, 
but the thinner the material, the clearer will be the print. 
Fine lawn makes beautiful curtains, while georgette and crepe 
de chine are lovely for scarfs. Wash and iron the material 
first so as to remove stiffening. Pin it onto a board, padded 
as you would an ironing board. Before you have put any 
paint on the block, place it, design up, on the cloth so that 
you can see just where you want it to come. Then put a pin 
at each of the four corners. When you have painted the 
block, press it (design down, of course) exactly so that the 
corners come where you have placed the pins. This is the 
only way you can be sure you are getting your design straight, 
since you cannot see it as you print it. Clean off the block 
with turpentine, paint it again, and repeat the process in every 
place you want the design. 

Let the cloth dry thoroughly before you move it. 

Stencilling 

Draw your design first, as you would for wood blocking, on 
a piece of drawing paper, then copy the design or paste it 
on the stencil paper. Use regular stencil paper, or heavy 
paper that has been oiled and is thoroughly dry; cut the de¬ 
sign out with a sharp knife. This time you should cut away 
the part you want to have shown. In other words, your design 
is simply a hole in the stencil paper. You must use a very 
sharp knife or the edges will be ragged and leave a fuzzy and 
indistinct line. Use thicker paint than for wood-blocking and 



130 


This Camp Fire Girl won honors by making her own radio set 







Handicraft 


131 


one drop of acetic acid to a pint of paint to keep the color from 
fading. Heavier materials stencil best. Heavy linen muslin 
and khaki can be beautifully stencilled. Hold the stencil firmly 
on the cloth and paint over it. Wash the stencil with turpen¬ 
tine every time you paint over it, otherwise it will get smeary 
and your design will not look neat and clear. 

How to Make a Headband 

Secure a bead loom from the Camp Fire Outfitting Company 
or from the fancy work department of a store. If you would 
rather make a bead loom, it is a simple and interesting pro¬ 
cess. Secure a strong cigar box, and across the narrow ends 
either cut notches about one-sixteenth of an inch apart, or 
fasten a piece of wire comb. The other two sides cut away. 

Cut one more warp thread than the number of beads you are 
going to use in the width of the band. A band of twenty 
threads in width takes twenty-one warp threads. Fasten the 
threads securely at one end and bring them through the 
notches, side by side to the other end of the box and fasten 
them so that the threads are taut across the top of the box. 
Use strong linen thread for the warp. Thread a fine needle 
and tie one end of thread to left end of warp thread. String 
enough beads to reach across the width of the band (one less 
than the number of warp threads). Pass the string of beads 
under the warp threads, push the beads up between the 
threads and then pass the needle through the beads again. 
This time the thread goes over the warp threads. The design 
you wish to make should be well-drawn on across section paper. 
Each square represents one bead. 

Use linen thread for the warp and silk thread for the woof. 
Your headband will probably be longer than your loom, so 
wind the extra length of threads for the warp on an empty 
spool until you have the first part done and can move the next 
bit onto the loom. 

Many girls weave their symbol into their headbands; others 
weave the symbols of certain adventures or important ex¬ 
periences in their lives. 

Perhaps the most beautiful headbands are those where the 


132 • Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

design is carefully planned, the main motive being a symbol 
of pleasing lines repeated, A border sometimes completes the 
design, but many times the symbol motive does not need a 
border. 

In making beaded headbands two points should be kept in 
mind, i. No irridescent beads should be used. You will find 
that they are not beautiful and the design is lost when finished. 
2. The headband should be mounted on leather—never on 
ribbon—so that wearing will not break the threads. 

Why Not Make a Stole? 

The most interesting bead work that Camp Fire Girls have 
done is stoles. In most cases such stoles represent the his¬ 
tory of the group or the local organization. When they repre¬ 
sent group history, each girl does part of the work, sometimes 
the work is divided; one girl makes the designs, another 
makes the loom, another works out the color scheme, still 
another buys or orders the beads, and one or two others do 
the actual weaving, so that the finished stole represents not 
only the group history but also group co-operation. 

Many times girls write their autobiographies in the form 
of a beaded stole. The girl doing this selects the high points 
in her life and makes the symbols or primitive pictures for 
those high points. Then she weaves them into chronological 
order into a stole. Such a piece of work should be prized by 
a girl all her life and should be regarded as a real treasure 
to hand on to her children. She should therefore do the work 
carefully and firmly, and take care in the selection of her 
beads. For a stole, a background of opaque white beads has 
been proven the most effective. 

The girl or girls making a stole should always keep a well 
written description and explanation of the symbols on the 
stole, so that others may understand their meaning. 

Tie Dyeing 

For use in tie dyeing, the regular commercial dyes such as 
those sold for batik work are most satisfactory. Commercial 
dyes may be used if they are mixed with water and boiled 


Handicraft 


133 


first The design comes first, of course; paint it in the colors 
you want to use. In the case of tie dying, it will be more a 
matter of color than of form. 

Suppose you were making a peacock-colored scarf, the back¬ 
ground of which was going to be a dark green, with a yellow 
and blue design. It is best to use white material because you 
cannot always be sure of the dyes in colored material. 

First, of course, you have mixed your dyes until you have 

just the colors you want. You should test your dyes by dip¬ 
ping a sample of cloth and letting it dry so that you can be 

sure that it is just what you want. Colors are never the same 

dry as when they are wet. Tie up the spots which on your 
finished scarf you want to have blue. Wind each little bunch 
round and round with cotton string. Then dip the scarf into 
yellow dye. Let it dry before you rewind the dyed places 
unless you want a spider web blending of colors. Now tie 
up the spots that you want to stay yellow and dip the scarf into 
blue. You will find that the yellow dyed over the blue has 
made the background green, that the first places you tied up 
having no yellow, are blue, and the last places still have kept 
their yellow. This is only an example of what you might do 
in a very first experiment. Get unbleached muslin, which is 
inexpensive and dyes well, and experiment for yourself. The 
whole fun of tie dying is in mixing and remixing your colors, 
trying new colors and combinations until you have something 
which really pleases you. 

Leather Work 

Attractive traveling cases for toilet articles, book covers, 
bags, card cases, and mats can be made out of scrap leather. 
(This may be either secured from a local dealer or the Camp 
Fire Outfitting Company will sell these scraps from two to ten 
inches in length in pound packages at a moderate cost.) After 
the leather is dampened, symbols can be worked in attractive 
designs by pressing down the background with the blunt end 
of orangewood sticks. 


134 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

Use the Woods for Craft 

Although the folloiuing directions are ^written for camp, they 
can be used for real woodscraft anywhere. 

All campers play games. All during the summer, Camp Fire 
Girls play game after game, each in their own camp, but prob¬ 
ably never before have they played the very same game at the 
very same time, as we are going to propose that we all do now. 

Suppose you are in your own cot at camp, reveille has just 
blown, and you are about to spring from your warm bed into 
your dip suit. Now, let’s suppose that we have all washed 
faithfully behind our ears, and have started the day with a 

span clean middy and with a mighty appetite for breakfast. 

Over we troop to the mess hall or dining-porch. The cook 
is in a dreadful state, for the match box is empty and there is 
no fire. The K. P.’s are frantically searching for the bowls, 
plates, knives and forks. The place is in a whirl. 

The handcraft councillor dashes up to report to the dis¬ 
tracted director that all the craft material she had ordered 
from town has been wafted away. The boating councillor re¬ 
ports that all her boats have slipped their moorings and have 
floated off. The nurse reports all of her supplies as among the 
missing. And as we each look helplessly on, lo and behold, 

we see our tents or shacks and all their contents sailing off 

over the tree tops. 

Now the fun part of the game comes in, the part which will 
test the ingenuity and real woods lore and knowledge of every 
one of us, from the director down to the camp baby. For of 
course it wouldn’t be playing the game at all to go back to 
town, crushed and fagged and our vacation entirely spoiled 
because we did not have all the customary luxuries and 
civilized accessories to which all of us have been used. 

Some one would have to volunteer to make a fire with flint 
and a jack-knife or to get dry balsam or cedar and make 
a fire set. Breakfast eggs could be easily cooked on a stone; 
hastily whittled knives would do as eating utensils; chips or 
slabs would serve as plates until the clay bowls had hardened. 

The craft hour would be quite as much fun without prepared 
paints, reed, or raffia. The nurse could quite quickly find many 


Handicraft 


135 


remedies in ordinary humble plants. And by night we would 
all be sleeping under some sort of improvised roof and quite 
comfortably, provided some good fairy brought back our 
blankets. 

Probabjy by night too you would begin to realize that Mother 
Nature has put within our reach innumerable resources which 
we in our hurry and in our ignorance pass by unheeded day 
after day. It would take some such impossible happening like 
the game we have just played to make us open our eyes to the 
possibilities for use in our camp activities of many, many things 
in our own camp environment. The way each one of us would 
play the game would depend on whether we were camping in 
Spokane, where you sleep on pine boughs, or in Arizona, where 
you sleep on the sand, but we would all play it. 

One good way to find out just what your camp site is offer¬ 
ing to all of you is to visit some old settler who has been long 
in the community. One or two friendly visits will afford you 
the opportunity to find out how he or his father or grandfather 
before him made the best of what was at hand, before the 
days of express or parcel post. No doubt their farm baskets 
then were not all of the present commercial manufacture, nor 
their rougher furniture and utensils of shiny wood and metal, 
nor their rugs woven on purchased steel and wood looms. 

Another good way to learn the material of all sorts that your 
vicinity offers is to make a complete survey of the kinds of 
wood, grass, animal and vegetable life on the camp property 
and on the property of friends which may join your own 
“piece.” No native material should be used indiscriminately, 
of course. It is always best to talk over the advisability and 
practicality of using things at hand with the director or some¬ 
one else who is also interested and informed. 

Perhaps one or two suggestions which may be adapted to 
practically any camp environment will be helpful. Surely 
every camp has somewhere near it some kind of meadow or 
swamp grass, cat tails or willows. Out of this material can 
be woven a splendid rush rug, like the one Ernest Thompson 
Seton tells about in chapter VI of his “Book of Woodcraft.” 

Bark, pine needles, or grass baskets are fun to make. We 


136 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

can all make tricky camplights. While on the subject of strictly 
handcraft activities wouldn’t it be fun to make your own loom 
and weave a rug? Directions for making one are given in 
the same chapter. 

Bird houses and bird baths are excellent things to have on 
the camp site, because of course they attract more birds and 
make bird study twice as much fun. Cement probably makes 
the best bird baths, because it does not crack from freezing 
in the winter. Forms into which the cement is poured can be 
made from old boards. 

Each different bird will require a different sort of house, 
except for the wrens and bluebirds who will tenant the same 
kind. The Department of Agriculture in their Farmer’s Bul¬ 
letin No. 609 will give you directions for suiting every bird in 
your neighborhood. Museums, aquariums, and terrariums can 
be constructed and turned over to the nature lore classes to be 
stocked. 

Every Camp Fire Girl who is a real camper owns and 
knows how to use a jack-knife. And wood to whittle on is 
always obtainable, too. An inch or two-inch cross-section of 
birch, pine, red cedar, or basswood will make an excellent 
napkin ring when it is carefully hollowed out. For the more 
skilful it is an easy task to carve a symbol on the outside. 
Smaller sections make cunning neckerchief slides. 

A useful stamp box can be made out of a somewhat longer 
cross section. A piece is cut off for the top, the inside carefully 
gouged out, the top attached to the box part with a tiny brass or 
improvised hinge, a symbol cut on top, and the whole polished. 

And to match the stamp box and use on his desk, what father 
would not be proud to receive a letter opener? Any natural 
and odd shapes or curves in roots or any waste wood will do. 
Cut the piece two inches longer than the knife will be when 
finished. 

See which way that particular piece of wood will lie the best, 
watch out for piths (by the way, what woods have piths?), and 
cut the edge so that it will be on the right edge, unless the per¬ 
son for whom you are making it is left-handed. Edges must 
always be made with sandpaper. After you have doctored up 


Handicraft 


137 


the odd part of it so it looks like the head of a most peculiar 
animal or fish, or nothing at all, or else carved a symbol, dry 
it, then go over with white shellac. 

Before that is dry, rub linseed oil over it, and you will have 
a practical and good looking article. Pencil trays, needle cases, 
and innumerable things can be made in this way. Totem poles 
should be made of soft wood, such as poplar, spruce, and cedar, 
for it is so much easier to carve. 

The best things about such handcraft at camp is that there 
is never any end to what you can do in it. It is like swimming 
or nature lore, the possibilities are unlimited. Older girls can 
make fire sets with which to light the Council Fire, sun dials 
which will tell time correctly, rude shacks for special groups, 
well constructed fireplaces, their own bows and arrows for 
archery, or rustic furniture for the other campers to enjoy. 

Before you go to camp each summer, think over the possibili¬ 
ties your camp ground offers you for real woods handcraft. 
Then go to the camp and “play the game.” 










CHAPTER X 

FUN 

OUT-OF-DOORS 


We all feel sorry, and justly sorry, for children and dogs 
that have to live cooped up in a city apartment with no out- 
of-doors to play in, only a city street to walk in, and then only 
if they are properly fastened to a nurse or a leash. There is 
no fun in the whole world like the fun to be had out-of-doors, 
and the kinds of outdoor fun are as many and as varied as the 
out-of-doors is big and interesting. 

It would be impossible, of course, to tell you of all of the 
things you could do out-of-doors which are included in* the 
Camp Fire program, so we are choosing only some of them. 

First of all, when we think of outdoors we think of nature, 
yet some people who love camping and picnicking and hiking 
know nothing about nature. Such people are missing a great 
deal of pleasure and enjoyment. And because Camp Fire Girls 
want to enjoy life to its fullest and its best they learn about 
the out-of-doors they camp in and play in, 

Bird Hunt Breakfast 

Did you ever have a Bird Hunt Breakfast? It sounds as if 
you went out early and found a robin or a humming bird and 
fried him up for breakfast, doesn’t it? Well, it does not mean 
quite that. 

You do go out for a walk early in the morning, when the 
trees and the grasses are still wearing their pearl earrings, 
and you do hunt, not with a gun, though, but with your eyes, 
plus perhaps some field glasses, and find an early robin and 
some warblers and many other kinds of birds. And instead 
of scrambling or frying them for breakfast, you write down 
their names in a book and after each name you write down 
the characteristics of the bird, or if you don’t know the name 
of the bird, you just write down a description of it, so that 
you can identify it with your bird book later. 

138 


Fun Out-of-Doors 


139 


Perhaps your group has divided into teams, and the team 
that sees the greatest number of different kinds of birds has 
the privilege of sitting down and resting while the other team 
cooks the breakfast over a lire. 

You will be able to think of many kinds of variations for a 
Bird Hunt Breakfast. Sometimes the girls have a Bird Hunt 
Tournament. They go for early morning bird hunt walks 
once or twice a week all spring and each girl keeps her list. 
When the final scoring comes, each girl must have identified 
from her notes each specie she has seen. The girl who has the 
longest list (with no repeats) wins the tournament. 

Nature Record Books or Diaries 

If you have a mountain handy in the spring, climb it. 
Camelia did, and found the whole calendar of spring flowers 
spread from its top to its base. Climbing was like walking 
through the spring backwards; it was almost summer in the 
valley and winter was only just leaving the mountain top. 

All about her as she started on her climb the trees were in 
full leaf, and the wild azalia and mountain laurel bushes were 
covered with lovely pink blossoms. Part way up, Camelia 
found several rose-colored lady slippers beautifying an ugly 
stretch of burned-over ground. 

‘ Further along she saw masses of spring beauties which had 
long passed their blooming in the valley below. Once in a 
while there was delicate columbine clinging to its rocky foot¬ 
hold, and violets, white and yellow as well as blue, almost 
all the way. 

When she came to the very top of the mountain she could 
hardly see a leaf bud on the trees. The pines rocking in the 
wind, which came galloping from far places, were the only 
green things to be seen. 

At the foot of these pines, Camelia found one single spray 
of arbutus, and not far away in a cave-like niche among the 
rocks there was actually left-over snow! Snow at the top of 
the mountain and in the valley apple blossoms, their petals 
drifting softly in the warm breeze. 

As mountains go, this was only a rather small one in the 


140 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 



Catskills. Some of you will have far more impressive moun¬ 
tains to climb and a more complete survey of spring flowers 
to record. And of course you will keep a record of the flowers 
you see! 

Camelia carried in her knapsack a little flower guide with 
colored illustrations. This was one of the pocket Nature 
Library Series, published by Doubleday, Page & Company, and 
cost $1.25. Some of the bigger books at home in the library 
gave clearer descriptions and more varieties of flowers, but 
Camelia found her little book very helpful besides being light 
and easy to carry. 

One Camp Fire Girl made a flower record. She made very 
artistic blueprints of her flowers, mounted the prints in book 
form with a description of the flower opposite each print and 
made a leather cover with her symbol. This is a record that 
will last. 

Perhaps you would like to know how the Camp Fire Girls 
make their blueprints for their flower count book. They use 
blue print paper, which is not expensive, and ordinary print 
frames of different sizes which they have found in second¬ 
hand stores. 

The specimen is arranged on the glass of the printing frame, 
a sheet of blueprint paper is cut in the dark and placed over the 
specimen. The frame is closed and then exposed to direct 
sunlight. The exposure takes from one to two minutes. 

Then the paper is taken out of the frame and is slid into a 
bath of clear water. It is kept moving about through the water 
until the paper turns blue and the print of the specimen stands 
out distinct and white. 

Since the completed prints are silhouettes, the girls pay 



Fun Out-of-Doors 


141 


special attention to the arrangement of the prints on the glass. 
Sometimes they make several prints of one specimen and 
choose the one that turns out the best. 

Mountains or no mountains, blueprints or no blueprints, 
keeping a flower count book, wherever you find your flowers 
and however you make your records, is one of the most pleasant 
of honors to win, probably because the earning of it takes you 
into such delightful places during the loveliest days of the 
year and because the. record book itself brings back such happy 
memories of hikes and flower hunts. 

Most of us start with the flowers because we know most 
about them, but there are also the grasses, ferns, and mosses 
of which we can make attractive count books. You have prob¬ 
ably been keeping a record of birds ever since they began to 
come back from their winter in the South, haven’t you ? 

Here is a very short list of some of the reference books that 
will help you in winning Nature Lore honors: 

Pocket Nature Library. Doubleday Page. 

How to Know the Wild Flowers—Dana. Scribner’s. 

Field Book of American Wild Flowers—F. Schuyler Mathews. Putnam. 
Our Native Trees—Keeler. Scribner’s. 

American Trees and Shrubs—F. Schuyler Mathews. Putnam. 

What Bird Is That?—Frank M. Chapman. Appleton. 

Birdcraft—Mabel Osgood Wright. Macmillan. 

(See Bibliography, page 216.) 

Nature Lore Games 

There are many good games that have grown out of an 
interest in Nature. Some of these games are printed in the 
Guardians’ Handbook. Ask your Guardian to teach them to 
you. Watch Everygirl’s Magazine for Nature games. 









142 


Book of the Camp Fire Girls 


SUMMER SPORTS 



Swimming 

Why not learn to swim during the summer? Maybe you 
cannot go camping, but most likely you can go to a swimming 
hole or a pool and learn to swim well. Why not form a class 
and take swimming lessons from an expert? Eleanor Deming, 
Vice President of the Camp Directors’ Association and Director 
Camp Miramichi, has written splendid advice for Camp Fire 
Girls who are learning to swim. She begins by telling you 
to listen with your mind to what your swimming teacher tells 
you before you take your first swim and she reminds you 
that prompt obedience to all the teacher’s demands is necessary. 

Your first swimming lesson or period is of course short. 
Miss Deming says: “Probably a number of the girls are irri¬ 
tated at being called out so soon, but as with everything else 
that is to have lasting and good results, the progress must be 
slow at first. . Perhaps even that first short time in the water 
was really’too much for you, though only you could tell that. 

“Here is where your own responsibility comes in. Rules can 
be made only to suit the average, so some things you may 
need to temper to your own needs. 

“ ‘Do not remain in the <v:ater long enough to shiver. No one 
should feel voeak and enervated after a cold swim.’ 






Fun Out-of-Doors 


143 


“These statements come from a physician of experience. You 
will do well to test the length of time you should stay in by 
them. 

“But that does not mean that if you are warm and not con¬ 
sciously tired you ought to stay in for long stretches of time 
or have more than one real swim a day. Sometimes it takes 
years to show the bad results of too much bathing, especially in 
fresh water. Remember that it also takes years to outlive the 
effects, when it can be done at all. 

“Today practically all with experience along these lines agree 
that one dip and one real swim are all that the average per¬ 
son should have each day. 

“If you wish to make quick and steady progress, start out 
with the determination to cooperate in every way with your 
teachers. It is well to try to understand the rules. Then it 
will be easier to obey them. 

“It is perfectly obvious why the beginners are kept in the 
specially marked off shallow place with a ‘life patrol’ in a 
rowboat watching to see that no one goes beyond her depth 
while the teacher pays special attention to individuals or 
small groups. 

“And don’t shriek for the pure,fun of it. It makes it very 
hard for the instructor’s voice to be heard, but worse than that, 
it makes it impossible to distinguish a real call for assistance. 

“Besides observing all the mechanical devices in use as safe¬ 
guards, such as reporting to some one as you enter the water 
and as you leave, make up your mind that you are going to 
do your share physically and mentally. This will shorten the 
time before you will be of use to others instead of a responsi¬ 
bility to them. 

“To make what I mean clearer I shall have to explain to you 
that swimming is an exercise in which muscular effort and 
relaxation or repose alternate rhythmically. It is perfectly 
evident to you that you can not go ahead without effort. But 
it is not so easily seen that you will never go so far or so fast 
unless you learn to relax between those efforts, for that is what 
keeps the muscles and you yourself from becoming exhausted. 

“Now the first and most important step to take in learning to 


144 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

relax in the water is to discover how friendly it is to you, how 
readily it will support you, if you don't stiffen up! You will 
be interested to see how beautiful the light is if you open your 
eyes under water and how long your breath will hold out if 
you don’t try to be too greedy about storing up a lot before 
going under. 

“Keep your body relaxed and your mind full of the assurance 
that it is hard to sink. Make a game of learning to exhale 
under water. Watch the bubbles catch the light as they float 
to the surface. 

“A number of jolly little games make it fun for a group of 
you to grow to feel as much at home under water as on top. 
Once you feel that way and have mastered the art of breath¬ 
ing the learning of the different strokes is merely a matter of 
patience and practice and perseverance. 

“While you are having all this fun you are strengthening 
your body in every part, for swimming is one of the few forms 
of exercise that uses all of you in a balanced way. Then, too, 
there is always another difficulty ahead to be mastered, no 
matter how much skill you acquire. That a'dds zest, for we 
all love to feel our power grow, to receive recognition for our 
achievements and yet feel there are more worlds to conquer. 

“But all this skill falls short of our highest goal if it gives 
gratification to ourselves alone. It is fine to reach the point 
where we know ourselves to be no longer a risk to others, but 
how much greater happiness comes when we are capable of 
helping others. 

“And it is a fact that already a number of times girls who 
have learned the Shafer method of resuscitation at camp have 
been instrumental in restoring life at public swimming places. 
Even actual rescues have been made by old campers, but to 
be ready for such emergencies you must keep yourself in con¬ 
dition and in practice. 

“Just because you once qualified as a life-saver you can not 
take for granted you will always be one. That is why season 
after season you must always repeat certain tests before re¬ 
ceiving your old rating.” 


Fun Out-of-Doors 


145 


Swimming Tests 

You can cut a stencil from the symbol printed here, trace 
the design and cut it out with a sharp knife. Win all the 
swimming honors you can and help to raise the Camp Fire 
standard. 



Pollyavog Test 


1 . Duck three times. 

2. Float fifteen seconds. 

3. Swim two strokes any style twenty-five yards each. 



Frog Test 


1. Swim fifty yards. 

2. Do dead man's float fifteen seconds. 

3. Bring up saucer in four feet of water. 

4. Float on back two minutes or tread water, hands out, two minutes. 
5 Swim ten yards on back. 

6 . Break wrist and front strangle holds, on land. 

Fish Test: 

1. Swim one hundred yards any style. 

2 . Show excellency in any style of stroke. 

3. Bring up cup in six feet of water. 

4. Be able to make a straight dive. 

5. Swim twenty-five yards on back using feet only. 


146 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 



Fish Test 


6. Tow a person fifteen feet. 

7. Break three strangle holds standing in water to neck. 

8 . Assist Pollywogs for three swimming periods. 

9. Explain Schafer method of resuscitation after treatment of the 

apparently drowned. 



Flying Fish Test 

Flying Fish: 

1 . Handle a boat in all kinds of weather (including landing and 

tying boat to float). 

2. Perform artificial respiration by Schafer method. 

3. Swim five hundred yards at one time. 

4. Swim one mile in three days, evenly divided. 

,5. Bring up cup in eight feet of water. 

6 . Do three standard dives. 

7. Pass life-saving requirements. “Flying Fish” assist the swimming 

councillor in teaching girls to swim and form a boat patrol 
during swimming periods. 


Fun Out-of-Doors 


147 


Fun with Map Making 

How would you like the idea of making maps, so that right 
on paper you would have, clear as clear, a picture of the way? 
Doesn’t it strike you that it would be great fun to share the 
spirit of explorers in strange lands, and on a real map-making 
expedition have the fun- and fascination of handling a compass 
and all the other tools of map-makers? It would be great 
fun, and very valuable, too, to have maps of your summer 
camp and the outlying trails; fun, even, to make maps wher¬ 
ever you are, just for the sake of the stunt itself and to add 
to your collection of summer snapshots. 

The equipment you will need for making simple and yet 
quite accurate maps is very simple, and you will be able to 
make it all yourself, except the compass. You will even be 
able to do without a compass in clear weather, for you can use 
your watch instead. The first step in map-making is to learn 
how to use the compass. The needle of a compass always 
points north (unless you get it near an electric wire that is 
charged), and the points marked on the compass may be 
accurately determined by turning the compass around until the 
needle is over the letter N (Fig. i). The woodsman’s trick 
of using a watch for a compass is simple enough in finding 
general directions, though it is harder to tell the number of 
degrees from north a point is, without the degrees marked on 
the dial. To find the approximate direction of north, south, 
east or west, this is the trick: Point the hour hand toward the 
sun; the line joining the pivot and the point midway between 
the hour hand and the 12 on the dial will point toward the 
south. To point the hour hand exactly toward the sun, stick a 
pin as at A, and bring the hour hand into its shadow (Fig. 2 ), 
The next thing you need is a “pace scale,” which is very 
simple to make. The first step is to carefully measure off one 
hundred yards on the ground, and then “pace it off” (walk 
the distance between the markers at your usual pace and stride 
and count the steps). Suppose you take a hundred and twenty 
steps between the markers and you want to represent that on 
paper. Draw a line one-half inch long on a sheet of paper 


I 





There is nothing half so jolly as being a Camp Fire Girl 


148 












Fun Out-of-Doors 


149 


and make that represent the hundred and twenty steps, or one 
hundred yards, that you have just walked. Now you have 
your “scale.” Walk a hundred and twenty steps more, right 
in the same direction you started, and extend your line a half¬ 
inch more. It now represents two hundred and forty steps, or 
two hundred yards. You can see, if you repeat this process 
until your line is nine inches long, you will have walked about 
one mile. 

The only other materials you need are cross-ruled paper, a 
sharp pencil, and a ruler. The paper should be twelve inches 
square and ruled into half-inch squares, and fastened securely 
to a light board with thumb tacks. 

Perhaps the best way to show you how to do this “stunt” is 
to describe the making of a particular map. First of all, 
one girl made a pace scale. Measuring one hundred yards, 
and walking the distance between the markers, she found that 
she took one hundred and twenty-two steps in one hundred 
yards. Then with one of her friends who had learned how to 
find north with a compass, and who was provided with com¬ 
pass, cross-ruled paper and pencil, she set out to make a map 
of the trail between Camp Hanoum and Camp Aloha Hive. 

They went to the point marked X to begin. The girl with 
the paper marked the top of the sheet North, the bottom South, 
the right hand side East, and the left hand side West. She 
then laid the map-board on the ground and laid the compass 
on the paper so that N on the compass pointed toward the top 
of the paper, as in Fig. 3. She next turned the board around 
carefully until the needle point was at N. This is called 
orienting a map. 

As she “sighted” up the road in the direction she was to go, 
she saw that she would be going almost north, so she must 
begin drawing her map at the south end of the paper. Sight¬ 
ing very carefully across her map-board up the road to where 
it disappeared around a turn, she drew a light dotted line to 
represent the direction of the road. The pacer (the one who 
does the measuring for a map by stepping off the distance— 
and you understand, of course, that since no two people have 
the same length of step, only the person who made the pace- 


150 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

scale in the beginning must use it; and that the same pace- 
scale must be used throughout the whole making of any one 
map) then walked up the road, counting her steps. When she 
reached the turn in the road and was just about to go out of 
sight, the “compass bearer” called “Stop,” and joined her. It 
was found the “pacer” had gone one hundred and eighty-three 
steps. They figured this out, and found it would be about 



3 




Fun Out-of-Doors 


ISI 


three-fourths of an inch on the map. The “compass bearer” 
took her foot rule and, beginning at the south end of the map, 
along the dotted line drew a solid line three-fourths of an inch 
long. 

She then erased the dotted line, put her map-board on the 
ground, oriented it again, and sighted to the next turn, and 
drew a new dotted line from the point where the line which 
she had just drawn ended, as in Fig. 4, The pacer walked 
ahead again, counting her steps, and the line was again ex¬ 
tended to represent the distance paced. This procedure was. 
followed until they reached Camp Aloha Hive. 

Some questions will need answering here. The first, “What 
does one do when one runs off the paper?” can be answered 
briefly. Remove the sheet and replace it with a new sheet; 
mark on the new paper the compass points as you did the first 
sheet, and extend your map on the new piece of paper, so that 
when they are joined after the map is completed the whole 
thing will seem one unbroken line. 

The second question, how to get the features of the land¬ 
scape in, is more difficult. The girls in making the accom¬ 
panying map marked the point on the map at which the lake 
began, watched how the shore line ran in general, noted how 
far along the road it extended, and then sketched it in. They 
found how wide it was by walking across the end of it until 
they were parallel with the widest point. They sketched in, 
in like manner, the hills, houses and other features that they 
wanted. When the trail left the road they mapped the trail 
in the same way, sighting to the next turn, pacing the distance 
and marking it On the map. 

How things shall be represented on the map is a question 
not easily answered, either. The Boy Scouts have worked out 
a set of conventional signs; other groups, such as the White 
Mountain Club, have their own sets of symbols; the United 
States Geological Survey has devised a rather elaborate stand¬ 
ard set of map symbols. Perhaps any of these is too elaborate 
for 'use in simple map-making. On the next page are some 
examples of simple map symbols. 

Perhaps you have seen cuts of very old maps, with all sorts 


152 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

of quaint and amusing things drawn in, entirely away from 
the map lines themselves—weird looking people doing things 
appropriate to their position on the map, animals as amusing. 
If a high road, why not a coach upon it, pray, and prancing 
steeds; if a lake or a river, why not a full-rigged boat a-sail- 
ing or fishermen plying their straining nets; if a farmyard, 
why not a horse’s head, inquisitive, craning across a fence, or 
an awkward lamb a-gamboling? You see the possibilities for 
limitless fun where several of you assemble in hilarious en¬ 
deavor to make the most amusing map as well as the most 
accurate, when your trail crosses a sheep-pasture or your road 
pauses beside an inviting picnic spot, or a brook with pools to 
wade in. Whether merry or in earnest, map-making is great 
fun. Just try it and see 



Trail Making 

There can be still greater joys in store for you if you want 
to explore and blaze new trails, and map them, all in a sum¬ 
mer’s game. Trail blazing means much the same procedure 
as map-making, only it calls for at least two other girls. While 
the spirit of adventure is strong upon you, wander over the 
countryside in search of loveliness, in search of attractive 
roundabout ways to reach familiar and much frequented places, 
and you will feel repaid for your exploring. Perhaps you 
will find your way across wooded hills and down a steep, 




Fun Out-of-Doors 


153 


seamy cliff, across a lush fern dell and out through a fluttering 
bed of pale iris, into hemlock shade beside still water—to 
reach at last the farm house a half-mile down the hot country 
road from your starting point. 

The actual blazing of your trail is simple enough. Here is 
one of the numerous ways to do it. Take along with you to 
mark your trail small nails, a hammer or hatchet and plenty 
of thin narrow shingles or strips of wood, marked beforehand 
in paint with your trail sign. This may be anything from a 
line of bright color or white—white is best because it shows 
at night—to the letter or symbol of your group. If you can’t 
procure the shingles, take a can of paint and a couple of brushes 
—although this paint pot will probably prove your ruin and 
despair when you return full-smeared from your expedition. 
The use of hatchets for blazing trees is injurious to them 
except in the hands of experienced woodsmen. 

The two trail-blazers work much as the map-makers do. 
One stands at the starting point, while the other goes ahead to 
some conspicuous spot—a tree or a fence or a boulder, and 
puts up one of the trail-signs, making sure that it is in plain 
and clear view of the one standing behind. This one then 
goes up to join the blazer at her mark, and they choose the 
next spot to be marked. The blazes must not be too far apart 
to be seen very easily, and wherever possible, they should be 
on a level with the eye. 

Trail making doubles the process of map-making, for the 
trail-blazers must retrace their steps, blazing their return, so 
that going or coming the blazes are clear. 

From a summer that leaves in your hand visible evidence 
of its memories, and an ever-ready welcome in its byways, 
where you can return again to your own trail, friendly with 
your own signs pointing the way to the lure of old friends, 
could you ask more than that indefinable rhythm and glamour 
that come with wandering and finding out the byways—some¬ 
thing of the romance of following 

“ . . . the Romany patteran 

West to the sinking sun ...” 


154 


Book of the Camp Fire Girls 


WINTER SPORTS 



Winter Carnivals 

Has your community ever had a winter carnival? All that 
is absolutely required for such a festival is a pond frozen 
over for skating. If you can have hills with snow on them 
for skiing, then you are just so much better off. 

Set the day for your carnival and publish it. Invite all the 
good skaters to take part in races and the fancy skaters to 
take part in contests or make them promise to give an ex¬ 
hibition of special skating. Get the electric company to wire 
the rink for you (if you have a large pond or lake or river to 
skate on, rope off a certain part for the occasion). Light the 
rink with colored electric lights or with Japanese lanterns 
with electric lights in them. If you can not have electric 
lights make torches by winding one end of a green stick with 
burlap (binding it on with wire) and dipping in kerosene. 

Get various people in the town to have booths about the 
rink at which they sell hot coffee and sandwiches. 

At one corner have a roaring fire and some one or two 
people always in attendance whose business it is to watch the 
fire and keep it blazing. 

Get the town orchestra or band to play. If you have to pay 
for the music and light, charge a small admission fee so that 
you can cover expenses. 

At some winter carnivals the people participating all dress 
in fancy costume. The bright fantastic costumes make the 
carnival very festive and colorful. Whatever you do, make 





Fun Out-of-Doors 155 

your winter carnival a community affair and get everybody, old 
and young, to take some kind of part. 

If you are going to have skiing events, you will probably 
have to have at least that part of your celebration in the after¬ 
noon so that every one can see the jumps and the slides. 
Tobogganing can be a feature if you can control the toboggans 
so that there will be no accidents. In any case, get some one 
to be master of events and to be in charge of running them 
off and timing them so that there will not be any colliding of 
either skiiers or toboggans. Skate-sail races are fun also. 

Winter Hiking 

Don’t get the idea that hiking can only be done in the spring, 
summer, or fall. Winter hikes are almost more fun than any 
other kind. One or two things ought to be remembered in 
winter hiking however. 

First. Dress warmly but not too warmly, for you easily be¬ 
come overheated by brisk walking. 

Second. Have an advance party go by trolley or car to the 
destination with the supplies and with extra wraps for the 
walkers. This advance party should have a fire made or at 
least have the fuel ready for the fire and food ready for 
cooking as soon as the hikers arrive. 

Third. Do not have food that takes a long time to cook, 
but have warm food like cocoa and fried egg sandwiches. 

Fourth. The advance party should take the hike home and 
the others clean up and take the extra wraps and cooking 
equipment back to town by trolley or car. 






156 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 


OUT-OF-DOOR FUN FOR EITHER SUMMER OR 

WINTER 



We really owe the pirates a great debt of gratitude, don’t 
you think? For if there never had been any pirates, there 
probably would never have been any buried treasure, and 
without any buried treasure we never could be having treasure 
hunts today. 

To be sure the treasure is usually buried especially for the 
occasion by some one who is in charge, your Guardian per¬ 
haps or another Camp Fire Group in your town, or maybe 
by the Fire Makers or Torch Bearers of your own group. 

There are all kinds of Treasure Hunts; the rules or plans 
for them all are practically the same. Some one buries a 
treasure. Usually the people who are to do the hunting do 
not know what the treasure is. Then, the hiders give the 
seekers some clue like “On a tree between so and so and so 
and so,” or maybe they will not be so definite and just quote 
a bit of a poem about a tree and mention a certain road or 
grove. Then the hunters begin. They first have to find the 
first clue. The person who finds it probably stuck in the hole 
of a tree, looks at the directions carefully, perhaps even copies 
them off, and then, when no one is looking, puts the original 
directions back where she found them so that the others may 
have the fun of finding them. 

This time she is given even more cryptic suggestions and is 
sent off in another direction to the shore of a lake. Here she 
finds another paper which she has to decipher. And so on 
until finally she locates the treasure. 

Sometimes the girls have poems for the clues and directions 
and the buried treasure is an “Oxford Book of English Verse” 



. Fun Out-of-Doors 157 

or “A Little Book of Modern Verse” or some other anthology. 
Sometimes the treasure is a box of candy and sometimes it is 
many pennies tied up in an old bandana handkerchief. 

Getting ready for the Tres’sure Hunt is almost as much fun 
as the hunt itselS. There arc hiding places to locate, the signs 
to make and put up when no one is looking, and the treasure 
to bury. So sometimes the groups divide into teams and take 
turns in hiding and hunting for the treasure. There have 
been times when the treasure has been the supper all cooked 
out-of-doors, that the seekers at last locate by a far away 
sign. A good treasure is the book “Treasure Island” or “The 
Handbook of the Camp Fire Girls.” 

You may enjoy varying your hikes with Treasure Hunts, 
for as seekers for Treasure you can go on long jaunts hunting 
for sign and signals. 



Daughter-Dad Hike 

Camp Fire Girls usually plan one occasion each year for 
their fathers. Perhaps the most popular way to entertain them 
is on a Daughter-Dad Hike. These hikes may just be a 
regular hike to a given point where the girls imu chickens 
or produce beans which they have baked in the ground or 
biscuits baked in a reflector oven or they may be in the form 
of a Treasure Hunt. 

The Daughter-Dad Treasure Hunt is a little different from 
the Treasure Hunts described above in that'each girl buries a 
special treasure for her own father and has special cryptic- 
directions to send him to the spot where it is hidden. A 
package of tobacco or a cigar make popular treasures. 

Such Treasure Hunts end with supper out-of-doors and 
songs around a fire and perhaps a walk home in the moon¬ 
light. You have no idea what fun even the most solemn, 
grown-up kind of a father will have at such an outing. 


CHAPTER XI 

EVERYBODY 
CAN CAMP 


Camp is within the reach of every girl if your idea of camp¬ 
ing is as big as it should be, for it does not necessarily mean 
a long train trip away from home, an expensive outfit and a 
large fee. All this is part of one kind of camping and a very 
delightful kind, too. 

But it is also possible for your Camp Fire group of six girls 
or more and your Guardian to pick out a lovely spot within 
hiking, trolley, short train, or automobile distance of your home 
and get permission to pitch your tents on it. There you can 
have for one or two weeks a real Camp Fire camp. 

Camp Fire Girls who have been unable to get the equip¬ 
ment or the money to camp in this way near home, have been 
known to set up camp practically at home—in their own back 
yards or in some adjoining spot where they could at least 
cook out-of-doors and sleep under the stars. 

A beautiful place to camp is to be desired and be willing 
to work toward it in whatever way you can. You can perfect 
yourself In campcraft anywhere in,the open. Then when you 
get to an ideal camp, you’ll be a trained camper and therefore 
able to get the most fun out of it because you will know the 
best way to do things. 

Picnics without table-cloths and salads carefully prepared 
at home are bits of camp on a small scale. If you have won¬ 
derfully fine picnics at which everybody shares the work and 
keenly enjoys the food and the games, you are taking a step, 
toward a successful camp. In most cases Camp Fire camps as 



15 




159 


Everybody Can Camp 

well as picnics are on sites not owned or rented by the Camp 
Fire groups in a community. Remember, therefore, that you 
are given the privilege of using the land. This means that 
you want to keep any rules made by the owners. Such rules 
sometimes include being quiet, not picking flowers or berries, not 
catching the small fish in a stream, not trespassing in a certain 
section, and disposing of any refuse or traces of food, such as 
tin cans. 

Outdoor Cooking 

Outdoor cooking is being appreciated more and more every 
day. One of the best sports and most healthy and invigorating 
pastimes is to strap a few necessities on one’s back and go 
away for one or two days’ trip. To be able to get far into 
the woods, away from houses, stores, and restaurants, and de¬ 
pend upon one’s own resources is a delightful experience. 

For camp cookery, several good books available are “The 
Book of Camp Cookery” by Horace Kephart, “Camp Grub” by 
Elon Jessup, and “Camp Fires and Camp Cookery,” by E. Lau¬ 
rence Palmer (Cornell University Press). These are valuable 
to any campers wanting menus suitable to the wilds and wil¬ 
derness where fresh fruit and supplies are difficult to obtain. 
Government Bulletins on food or dietetics can be had by sending 
to the Nutrition Division of the Department of Agriculture, 
Washington, D. C. 

Building the Fire 

A fire for cooking should be very small. If it is too large, 
it is difficult to work around, and food is very likely to burn. 
When cooking things which take a long time, use a long clean 
stick for stirring. 

Always choose dry wood for a cooking fire. It is an easy 
matter to tell whether the outside of a stick is dry or damp, 
but it is much more difficult to determine the condition of the 
inside of the stick. This can best be determined by the weight 
of the stick. 

You must remember, however, that woods vary widely in 


160 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

weight according to species and soundness as well as dryness. 
For example: a piece of wet pine may be lighter than a piece 
of dry hickory, or a stick of soft maple while rather damp 
may be very light because the inside is “punky” or rotted. 
Here is a splendid opportunity for you to develop your wood¬ 
craft ability by learning to recognize the different woods. 

In laying the fire, it is well to make a small, tent-shaped 
structure of the shavings having an opening in which to insert 
a match. Always be sure that the finest material is at the 
bottom and have other materials at hand so as to be ready to 
lay on larger twigs or sticks, letting no bit of kindling burn 
up without igniting a larger stick above it. A skilled woods¬ 
man does not use paper for kindling his fire and he seldom 
finds it necessary to use more than one match. 

The finely shredded bark of the yellow birch, which is found . 
in the northern forests, makes the best kindling known. Even 
after several hours of rain, dry bark can usually be found on 
the leaward side of a birch tree. When several days of con¬ 
tinuous rain with shifting winds have drenched everything, 
you can get dry material by chopping into a dead tree or 
stump or a fallen log. Pine or cedar are the best. 

Having secured some dry wood, make “fuzz sticks” by whit¬ 
tling long thin shavings, but not cutting them off completely. 
.The inner bark of standing, dead cedar trees makes excellent 
kindling, while dead twigs from the lower branches of stand¬ 
ing trees, especially hemlock, balsam and spruce, if dry, ignite 
very easily. 















161 


Everybody Can Camp 

Fire Control and Cleaning Up 

In choosing a spot on which to build a camp fire, make sure 
that there is no inflammable, dry grass near. Fire will some¬ 
times run along the ground under green grass, near roots, and 
suddenly spring into a destroying flame. 

1. Note the direction of the wind and relative locations of 
buildings, brush piles, roots, dry grass, etc. 

2. If the wind is high, fire should be protected by earth 
banks, which will prevent sparks carrying. The lee side of 
a rock, stone fence, or bank makes a good place for a fire 
where there is danger of the sparks being carried. 

3. Do not build big fires unless they are needed for warmth. 
They are difficult to put out. 

4. Do not start stump or big log fires unless you expect to 
camp in that place for two or three days. Often, when it 
seems that the flame is extinguished, a bit of wind will cause 
it to start up again. A stump will sometimes suddenly burst 
into flames hours after every appearance of fire has been ex¬ 
tinguished. 

5. Never leave a. fire until you are sure that it is out. 

6. Make sure that all fires are extinguished before breaking 
camp. If there is sufficient water near, drench them thoroughly. 
If there is any doubt, throw, fresh, moist earth over the fire, 
stamping it to smother all coals. 

7. Do not leave matches lying about your camping place. 

I 

Safety First 

A fire in a forest or on a prairie is one of the most de¬ 
structive forces with which man has to contend. Thousands of 
acres of valuable forests have been destroyed, countless crea¬ 
tures of the wild burned to death or made homeless and human 
life sacrificed because of one tiny, unquenched spark. 

1. Never allow a fire to get out of its assigned place. If 
it “runs” so much as a foot, it should be checked at once. 

2. If a fire gains headway in the grass, green branches may 
be used to beat it out. If it cannot be beaten out, it may be 
directed toward a stream, and confined within lines leading 
to the stream. Wet sacks or garments may also be used to 


162 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

beat out fire. These must be dipped In water frequently. In 
case of fire apparently getting out of control everything in 
camp should be sacrifice^? if necessary, and fire beaters may 
be made of blankets, coats, tents, etc. 

3. Do not wait for a fire to become dangerous before report¬ 
ing it. A messenger should be sent at once to the nearest 
farm house or point of possible assistance. If those remain¬ 
ing in camp succeed in putting out the fire, no harm is done 
by having reported it. 

4. Fires in the prairie are not less dangerous than those 
in the forest and should not be allowed to run their course. 

Kinds of Fires for Outdoor Cooking 

The Trapper’s cr Hunter’s Fire is more commonly used by 
experienced campers when smaller logs are available and when 
several dishes are to be cooked at the same time. 

After a pyramid or criss-cross fire Is burning briskly, lay 
side logs (bed sticks) either parallel or closer together at one 
end. The small cross sticks under the bed sticks are seldom 
necessary and are needed only when the fire is replenished or 
a draft is desired. (Fire No. I.) 

Trapper’s Stone Fire. Stones are commonly used In place of 
logs. A large stone is placed at the rear on the opposite side 
from the way the wind is blowing. This also illustrates a type 
of pot hanger that may be easily improvised. (Fire No. II.) 

Reflector Baking Fire. For baking with a reflector oven, 
a fire is required with some kind of fire back to throw the 
heat into the reflector oven and to hold the high burning sticks. 
(Fire No. III.) 

Criss-Cross Fire. A bed of live coals for frying or broiling 
can be obtained in a remarkably short time by using the criss¬ 
cross fire. 

First build a wigwam of small sticks about a bunch of little 
twigs or fire sticks. Around the wigwam lay in criss-cross 
fashion a pen of sticks about one inch square (split if available) 
and an inch apart. The foundation sticks may be larger. 
Light the fire In the center, and In a few minutes the pen will 
fall to a bed of hot coals. The fire is then ready for cooking. 


Everybody Can Camp 


163 



Fire No. I Courtesy Charles F. Smith 

Trapper’s or Hunter’s Fire 


MEALS TO COOK IN THE OPEN 

These Menus are Planned for Six People 
I— Breakfasts-: 

The Huskies’ Breakfast 

(To be cooked on Fire No. 1) 

Stewed Fruit Cocoa or Coffee 

Egg’S a la Choice Buttered Toast 

Supplies —Nine eggs, one loaf of bread, nine teaspoons of 
cocoa, twelve teaspoons of sugar, two cups of condensed milk, 
four cups of water, one-quarter pound of butter. 

Cocoa —Mix the cocoa and sugar together until all lumps dis¬ 
appear, and form a paste with a little water. Add the rest of 
the water, bring to a boil, then add the milk and heat to boiling 
point. Do not boil. 

Eggs and Toast —Fire No. i. Eggs may be cooked in differ¬ 
ent ways by the different members of the party if an honor is 
desired. In a frying pan, you may fry, scramble, boil, poach, 
or make a creamy omelet. Bacon ‘fat is the best fo-r frying in 
camp. It has an out-of-door flavor. 



164 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 


The Dixie Breakfast 

(To be cooked on Fire No. 2) 

Griddle Cakes Sliced Ham 

Syrup Fresh Fruit 

Coffee 

Griddle Cakes —Three cups of flour, teaspoons baking 
powder, i teaspoon salt, ^ cup of sugar, 2 cups of milk, i egg. 

Mix dry ingredients, add milk, and beaten egg. Beat thor¬ 
oughly and add melted butter. Drop by spoonfuls on greased 
hot griddle. Cook on one side. When full of bubbles and 
cooked on edges, turn, and cook on other side. 

The Novelty Breakfast 

(To be cooked on Fire No. 3) 

French Toast Prunes 

Syrup Coffee 

Trench Toast —10 slices bread, i cup milk, i cup water, 3 
eggs, bacon, syrup. Beat eggs with a fork and add milk. 
Season with salt and pepper. Heat the frying pan and grease 
well with bacon, leaving a piece in the pan. Dip the slices of 
bread in the egg mixture and fry to a nice brown. Eat with 
syrup. 



Trapper^s Stone Fire 



165 


Everybody Can Camp 



Fire No. Ill Courtesy Charles F. Smith 


Reflector Baking Fire 

II—Dinners: 

The Hunger Dinner 
Jam or Pickles Biscuits 

Mutton Stew Cocoa and Marshmallows 

Mutton Ste^w-^z lbs. mutton (from neck), z qts. cold water, 
I teaspoon salt, a little pepper, 3 tablespoons barley, 2 carrots, 
a small onion. Remove the fat and cut the meat in small pieces 
and put in kettle with the bones, cover with cold water. Cook 
slowly till meat is tender, then cool and skim the fat. Reheat 
to boiling point and add the barley and vegetables. Cook until 
the latter are tender. Rice can be used instead of barley—the 
latter must be soaked over-night. Biscuits or dumplings are 
excellent with this dish. 

Biscuits — I qt. flour, 1 teaspoon salt, Yz lb. can condensed 
milk, 4 level teaspoons baking powder, 2 tablespoons butter, 
I tablespoon lard. Use Fire No. 3. Mix flour, baking powder 
and salt together. Rub in lard and butter with finger tips, add 
milk and enough water to roll out. Roll on a floured board 
with a bottle and cut out with a cup or top of can. Place on 
tin in reflecting oven. 


166 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

Italian Dinner 

(To be cooked on Fire No. 2) 

Spaghetti Jam Sandwiches 

Tomato Sauce Fruit 

Spaghetti —i cup of spaghetti broken up, 2 qts. boiling water, 
tablespoon salt. Cook spaghetti in boiling salted water forty 
minutes, or until it is soft. Drain thoroughly. Serve with 
cheese, tomato, or white sauce. 

Tomato Sauce —cup butter, i onion finely chopped, % tea¬ 
spoon salt, a little pepper, i small can of condensed tomatoes. 

Ill— Suppers or Luncheons: 

The Fudge Feast 
(To be cooked on Fire No. 1) 

Corn Chowder Bread and Butter 

Beans Fudge 

Corn Cho^'der —i can corn, 4 cups parboiled potatoes, i 
small onion, %. lb. bacon, 2 cups milk, 1 cup water, 6 common 
crackers, salt and pepper to taste. Cut the bacon into small 
dice, fry until crisp, add the onion diced and fry all to¬ 
gether until a light brown, stirring constantly. Then add corn. 
Cook until hot, add potatoes diced, and water. Season with 
salt and pepper. Add a few broken crackers and milk. Take 
from fire and serve immediately. If preferred, % of corn to Yz 
of tomatoes can be used. If so, milk must not cook in the mix¬ 
ture or it will curdle. 

Fudge —3 cups sugar, 3 squares unsweetened chocolate, 1^4 
cups milk or 5c. can evaporated milk and ^ can water (use no 
butter with the latter), tablespoon butter. Cook together in 
the frying pan until it forms a soft ball when dropped into 
cold water, set to one side to cool. Then beat until creamy. 

The Bean Supper 

(To be cooked in a Bean Hole) (See page 170) 

Baked Beans Dill Pickles 

Brown Bread Peach Sauce 

Cocoa 

Baked Beans —2^ cups of beans, piece of salt pork (size of 
fist), or small piece of bacon rind, i teaspoon salt, 1 tablespoon 
sugar or molasses. Wash beans and soak overnight. Next 


167 


Everybody Can Camp 

morning parboil them until skins split. Place beans in heated 
earthen pot with pork in the center, add salt and sugar. Cover 
securely with lid. 

Peach Sauce —i lb. dried peaches, cup sugar. Soak peaches 
overnight. Cover with cold water and stew slowly until soft. 
Add sugar and boil about five minutes. These may be eaten 
hot or cold. 

The Club Supper 

Club Sandwiches Fresh Fruit 

Cocoa 

Club Sand'wiches —i lb. sliced bacon, i head lettuce, 2 lbs. 
fresh tomatoes, i loaf bread, %. lb. butter. Wash lettuce, peel 
tomatoes, cook bacon on a green stick. Place lettuce, tomatoes, 
and bacon between two slices of bread and butter or toast. 

The Cheese Dream Luncheon 

Rice de Luxe Cheese Sandwiches 

Baked Apples Coffee 

Rice —I cup rice, i tablespoon salt, 2 quarts water. To boil 
rice properly, wash the rice thoroughly in cold, salted water. 
Then put it into a pot of furiously boiling fresh water, no salt 
being added. Keep the pot boiling hard for twenty minutes 
but do not stir. Then drain off the water, place the rice over a 
very moderate fire (hang high over camp fire), and let it swell 
and dry for half an hour. (Kephart, “Camp Cookery.”) 

Baked Apples —Peel a green stick a little larger around than 
the thumb and make it smooth. Core the apples and slide on 
the stick. Rest one end of the stick on a forked stick near the 
fire and let the other end rest on the ground. Turn the stick 
often and keep the apples cooking evenly. 



Fire No. IV 



168 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 



IMUING A CHICKEN 

Did you ever roast a chicken out-of-doors with no oven, no 
baker? 

The chicken Imu is an excellent dinner to serve when the 
whole family wants to go off sailing or on a hike, and no one 
wants to stay home to prepare the dinner. You can put your 
dinner to cook before you go and come back to find it all cooked 
and ready to serve. 

First of all, prepare and stuff your chicken or chickens, just 
as you would if you were going to bake or roast at home. 
Then dig a hole three to four feet wide and about three feet 
deep. After lining the hole with stones a little larger than 
your fist, build a hot fire on them. As the fire burns, throw 
more stones into it, and keep on adding fuel. Keep the fire 
burning so for about two hours or until the stones are red or 
white hot. Then let your fire die down and scrape out the 
coals. 

You will have to act quickly now. Wrap your chicken In 
leaves of lettuce or rhubarb or some other leaves of an edible 
variety. (Be sure not to use burdock, nettleburn, skunk cabbage 
leaves, or any leaf that you do not know about, for they will 
flavor the chicken disagreeably or even poison it.) 

Place the same leaves as those wrapping the chicken over 
the stones, and on these lay the chicken. Then surround the 
chicken with potatoes, onions, carrots, corn, or any other vege¬ 
table you may choose, and cover them all with fresh green 
leaves. ^ 

Now over these you must put some wet burlap and pile 
quickly on the wet burlap the hot sand or earth from around 



Everybody Can Camp 169 

the fire. In an hour and a half or two hours your chickens 
should be done. 

You can cook other meat in the same way, and even whole 
animals, like small pigs or even a steer. ^ Of course, the size 
of your pit and your fire will depend upon the size of the 
animal you are cooking. 

BACON AND EGGS WITH IMAGINATION 

On a hike or at camp, the very words “Bacon and Eggs” 
is enough to make us ravenous. Imagine then what bacon 
and eggs plus the adventure of cooking them without any 
utensils. All you have to do is to find a flat rock, which is to 
serve as your frying pan and plate. Then, before your fire, 
place two rocks far enough apart to place your fire between 
them. When the fire has burned down to embers, place your 
fiat stone on the two rocks until it is hot. You will know when 
it is hot by testing it with a piece of bacon or a drop of water, 
which should sizzle when dropped on its surface. Put three 
or four pieces of bacon in a circle or triangle to make a nest 
for the egg. Then when the bacon is nearly cooked to your 
liking (and you will see that it has properly greased your stone 
for you), break your egg in the middle of the nest. When the 
egg is firm enough to turn, take hold of one piece of bacon as 
a handle and flop the bacon and egg and let it cook on the 
other side. 

If you do not like bacon, you can make a nest of toast, by 
taking out the center of the piece of bread and placing it on 
the hot stone, which you have thoroughly greased with butter. 
You can flop the egg and bread at the same time. 

▲ 


170 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 


POEMS ON STICKS—KABOBS 

You can put the chefs of the Waldorf-Astoria or the Ritz 
to shame simply by making a kabob—the meal on a stick. This 
is how you do it. You can make the kabob either of round 
steak or some game, but you will need a quarter of a pound of 
meat, half a potato, and half an onion for each person. 

The meat must be cut into inch squares, the onions length¬ 
wise and the leaves separated, and the potato into thin slices. 
Now cut a stick and sharpen it at one end. Using the stick as 
a skewer, pierce first a piece of meat, then a piece of onion, 
then a slice of potato, then a piece of meat, and so on, alter¬ 
nating the meat and vegetables until all is on the stick. 

Now cook your kabob over a Hunter’s or Trapper’s Fire, so 
that the stick is lying across the two logs. Keep turning the 
stick so that your kabob is properly cooked on all sides. 

When cooked, sprinkle with salt, and sit down to a feast for 
a king. 



9 


BAKED BEANS COOKED IN A HOLE 

Baked beans are always popular. But baked beans cooked 
in a hole in the ground are better than ordinary baked beans. 

Dig a hole feet in diameter and feet deep. This 
should be lined with stones; a fire should be kept burning in 
it for several hours before it is to be used, so that the stones 
will be made hot. When the beans are ready, the ashes and 
coals should be raked out, the prepared pot put in the hole and 
covered with hot coals. The whole should be covered with 
earth, and in case of rain with pieces of bark, and should be 
left for six or eight hours. 


Everybody Can Camp 171 



Go Away From the Crowds 


Remember that It is not always necessary to go miles away 
from home or to sleep in a tent for a week to go camping. 
Many small towns and most cities have places within 
hiking distance where it Is possible to have all-day picnics 
or luncheons or supper parties. Try to keep your line of 
march off the more popular roads. Then the chance of acci¬ 
dents and the unpleasantnesses that arise from the conspicuous¬ 
ness of groups of girls on an expedition will be lessened. 

Plan your hikes away from traffic in the parks, for example, 
or follow the course of a stream or climb a hill where there 
is no road. This applies aLo to overnight hikes and gypsy 
trips. 

Shun the crowds and get some sense of being acquainted 
with the quiet and the peace of the out-of-doors. 

Do not give up the idea of camping because you have no 
nlace to go. If there are lovely woods near your community, 
find out who owns them and get permission to camp in them. 
Let the owner know how many tents you wish to put up, 
what your cooking and other arrangements will be. If you 
can not have sleeping quarters in such a camp and it Is 
within hiking distance, your group might use it just as a day 
camp. Here again you can get a thorough knowledge of 
campcraft and camp handcraft and in so doing win many spe¬ 
cial honors. 

Possibly the Park Department of your town or city would 
give you the use of some wooded land for a weekly all-day 









172 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

picnic, if not a day camp. Don’t give up the idea of some sart 
of camping, however informal, for this year. But make what¬ 
ever you do, the best of its kind. Don’t be satisfied with poor 
camp housekeeping and mediocre makeshifts. They are never 
necessary. 

Your camp can be handicapped in many ways for water, a 
beautiful view, shelter, and other things that the loveliest 
camps include. But you can overcome all these lacks and dif¬ 
ficulties and you will actually find that there will be a certain 
pleasure in doing so. It ought to make you not only a good 
but a really resourceful camper. 

i 

Camping Do’s and Dont’s 

Here are some practical suggestions to use in the woods on 
the trail and in camp: 

Your Personal Equipment 

Practically every girl when she is getting ready to go to 
camp for any length of time is given by her guardian or camp 
director a li*st of necessary clothing and equipment. Don’t 
forget to include two pairs of woolen socks and a woolen 
middy or outside shirt for cold, raw, or rainy days. Every real 
camper should have a first aid kit and a jack knife, in good 
condition, and if possible, attachable to the belt at the side. But 
so much for the equipment to be used in a permanent camp from 
day to day. 

It is the gypsy trips, or canoe trips, or whatever you call 
the overnight trips you take away from camp that we are in¬ 
terested in just now. And here again your leader will advise 
you as to personal equipment. Be careful not to tote along un¬ 
necessary luxuries. 

Each girl will want a cooking kit of her own. Complicated 
ones with grates and fancy trimmings aren’t essential. A 
sheathe knife is a handy article, provided it is sharp and is 
carried on your belt a bit back of the hip. 

Every girl should take a flashlight. Don’t forget that round 
ones are better because they don’t wear holes in your pocket 


Everybody Can Camp 173 

or stick into your back quite so rudely when packed in your 
knapsack. 

A full match box is essential. The matches themselves can 
be waterproofed with paraffine or collodion. A bit of candle 
end for emergencies or lighting fires on a wet day is helpful. 

The leader will most likely have an axe, compass, or maps, 
first-aid kit, and list of commissary and equipment. Slickers 
or rain coats keep off the rain, and, on windy days or on tops 
of mountains, keep out the cold if woolen is worn underneath. 

People who wear eye glasses would do well to take an extra 
pair to camp with them. Cameras can easily be carried if a 
slit is made in the leather or heavy cloth case and slipped on 
the belt. 

A small compactly arranged repair kit often comes in handy. 
It could include such simple articles as an extra shoe lace, a 
needle or two, some thread, a spare button or two, some safety 
pins, rubber bands, odds and ends of twine. Don’t forget a 
stub of a pencil and a few sheets of paper. 

On some trips it is best to carry along small tents of the 
pup tent or of the lean-to variety. A good many times you 
can go out for a night or two just with your blanket rolls. But 
either way you go, pests of the woods will find you out. 
Smudge fires of any kind will drive them away, until you are 
asleep and the fire dies out. 

Pests of the Woods 

Any number of preparations can be purchased from drug 
stores before departing for icamp, most of which are liquids or 
unguents. They are supposed to protect by their odor alone, 
but they must be renewed several times a day. Citronella is 
the favorite. 

Double the amount of castor oil, if added to one of these 
oily liquids, will prevent the essence of the oil from evaporat¬ 
ing. Kephart advises the following mixture. 


Oil of citronella ... i oz. 

Spirits of camphor ... i oz. 

Oil of cedar .oz. 






174 


Camp Fire Girls in the Philippines cooking a dinner out-of-doors 






















175 


Everybody Can Camp 

A handy thing to carry your own mixture in is a small 
capped oil can such as you have in your bicycle kit. One or 
two drops of the above mixture if rubbed on the face and 
hands is guaranteed to keep pests away effectually. 

Your Shelter; Its Site and Care 

If sleeping out, a neat protection can be made by making a 
small set of lug poles (two forked sticks put in ground with 
stick resting in each fork) over the place where your head is 
to come. Drape the netting over that holding it down at the 
back and at both sides with stones or a small log of wood. 

In picking out a tent site it is wise to clear the ground over 
which the tent is to be raised and to steer clear of sleeping 
sideways on a hill or in the sand. By the way, don’t forget 
that the sharp ends of tent poles are supposed to go into the 
earth, or that it is hard on an axe sheath to pound in tent pegs 
with the sheath still on the axe head. 

If the tents are to be up some time, it is a good idea to ditch 
or trench them. Often the guy ropes can be tied to trees, 
instead of to tall stakes. Always remember to slant the tent 
pegs away from the tent. 

If a small hole appears in the canvas, it can sometimes be 
held together by adhesive plaster used very carefully. If the 
hole is large a piece of canvas or heavy cloth can be sewed 
on in the form of a patch and the whole spot temporarily made 
waterproof by parafining it with candle wax. 

If you sometimes sleep out without tent protection the best 
thing to do is to hope there will be no rain. If there is, may 
it be only a shower so that you can snuggle down under the 
top poncho and artfully let the rain drip from you and not 
on you. 

Clever poncho shelters can be made by making a makeshift 
lean-to tent with three of four ponchos, or a wedge-shaped 
tent with two. Poncho ropes come in handy for fastening the 
ponchos together, and for clothes lines on washing or drying 
out days. A good camper always preserves a rope; it doesn’t 
grow on trees. 


176 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

Speaking of Ponchos 

And speaking of ponchos, rolling them decently is a fine art. 
Of course you make up your bed on the poncho laid out flat 
on the ground. Fold the blankets so that there is a fold on 
each side. Of course as much should be under as over you. 

Tying up the tightly and smoothly rolled article is the im¬ 
portant factor now. The lengthwise rope should pass along 
near the edge of the fold, and there should be at least six 
crosswise turns of the rope. When the poncho is put over the 
shoulders, it is better for many reasons to bend it away from 
the side where the opening is, so that the fold will come on 
the outside when carried. 

If packs are to be carried, too, they should be adjusted so 
that the weight comes equally on the shoulders. It helps to 
have the bottom of the pack resting on a sweater tied around 
the waist. 

The poncho can be shifted from one side to the other. There 
seems to be no reason for not wearing it on the left or heart 
side. Kits, canteens and other equipment should not be allowed 
to dangle promiscuously. All small equipment should be worn 
on the belt if possible. 

That Precious Food 

Food for your trips should be distributed among the trip¬ 
pers. When the destination is reached it helps to have all 
the food put in one place. Then, if possible, the food can be 
arranged by the leader or the chief cook in the food bags or 
containers by order of meals, chronologically. 

At night the food should all be safely guarded against prowl¬ 
ing furry visitors by hanging It on trees (if In bags) or by 
weighting it down with rocks. If it is left on the ground. 
Take good care of your butter, and save your grease. If you 
bury your tin cans, they will enjoy a more peaceful rest if 
washed out before being put under the sod. 

A small tree with the larger end pounded into the ground, 
and the branches cut off to about an inch from the trunk, will 
almost save lives when put near the fire and used as a hanger 
for cooking spoons and pothooks. Can’t you recall the agony 


Everybody Can Camp . 177 

of burning oatmeal, with no pothook in hand to remove the 
kettle, or spoon with which to stir it at the crucial moment? 

Boats Need Attention 

If you go a-tripping in boats or canoes, a few words might 
not be amiss. Boats should never be left in the water over¬ 
night, but hauled up and turned away from the water towards 
the shore. 

Oars, cushions, and extra equipment can be stored under 
them. It is a good idea always to start with a bailer of 
some kind, with your oar locks tied in, and a long enough 
painter. 

Much of the same advice pertains to canoes, too. It is well 
to take an extra paddle, and to see that the mending outfit is 
wired to a thwart. If the journey looks like a rough one, as 
much as possible of the duffle should be attached in some way 
to the thwarts. 

When loading a boat or canoe, it is best to see that as little 
as possible of the duffle comes up over the edge of the gun¬ 
wale. Of course the canoe should be packed to balance after 
passengers and load are aboard. 

On Trailing and Climbing 

In trailing, always step over a log or other obstruction if 
you can. Do not step on it and then hop down. If you are 
on a strange trail look back often and notice the land marks. 

When climbing mountains in a file, it is fun to take turns 
being leader. The leader blows a whistle after fifteen, ten, 
five, or so minutes of going (depending on the steepness at the 
time), a reasonable rest is taken, and then the next person in 
line is the leader. Then the former leader goes to the back 
of the file. Try this scheme sometime and see how it works. 

Night trailing is heaps of fun. Remember not to look at 
your feet but let them feel their own way while you watch the 
openings in the trees or the general contour of the landscape. 

Camping trips have many different possibilities. Camp Fire 
Girls camp under so many different circumstances and solve 
so many camping problems that it is almost impossible to write 


178 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 



something that will be interesting and helpful to all of you 
at the same time. 

But wherever you camp, be sure that you leave the place in 
better shape than when you arrived. It goes without saying 
that you’ll have a mighty good time, and that you will go 
again, all the better camper for your experience. 

And long after camp is over, in the rush of your school 
work and the hurry of home and social activities, you can stop 
every once in a while and 

. dream tonight that my paddle blurs 
The purple shade where the seaweed stirs— 

And hear the call of the singing firs 
In the hush of the golden moon.” , 

In the Big Camp Fire Camps 

If there is one wish that all Camp Fire leaders have, it is 
that every girl who wants to should have a chance to go to 
one of the well-established Camp Fire camps. Going to a 
fine camp, several summers, gives you an idea of what it must 
mean to go to a splendid college. 

It means making the best of friendships, learning something 
about the art of living with others and finding out how to do 
and make many things. It means a broader and a deeper 
understanding ot life in many ways. 

In the regular camps there is a varied but well-balanced 
program. Some girls get a great deal of fun and recreation 
out of the work they do In camp such as handcraft, trail mak¬ 
ing, carrying wood and water, and other duties and activities. 

Then a section of the program is devoted to summer sports, 
games, and the activities we think of as purely play. Each 








Everybody Can Camp 179 

day has a rest period in it in which the girls who do not wish 
to sleep read or write letters or do something that means 
quiet and no exercise. 

In a regular camp much time is devoted to tennis, field 
hockey, canoeing, swimming, and other summer sports. 

When you are ready to plan your personal and other 
equipment for camp you will again find that your Guardian 
can help you out by telling you all about what her handbook 
gives on this subject. 

Gypsy trips are within the reach of most Camp Fire Girls 
spring and fall. They are also a much liked feature of many 
summer camps. You do not have to be expensively outfitted 
to take them. 

Your group packs up food and ponchos and then hikes to a 
lovely place to camp overnight. The idea is sleeping out under 
the stars, and a long hike, and the meals en route. It is one 
form of adventure on the road that seems to fit into the pro¬ 
gram of the Camp Fire Girls. 

Gypsy trips offer excellent chances for you to win many of 
your camp craft honors. They are also a means of getting 
outdoors, if a regular camp is impossible for you each summer. 

Special Camping Honors and Camp Standard® 

We want you to be real campers. This means learning to 
look after yourselves and others outdoors. For this reason the 
following three ranks were created to be earned in camp craft. 
Can you qualify for them yet? 




180 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

A. Fagot Finder 

1. Build two good fires, one for warmth and one for cooking, with 
material found out-of-doors, and leave fires properly put out. 

2. Fry an egg on a hot stone, or cook an egg in hot ashes after wrap¬ 
ping it in wet paper. 

3. Assist in cooking a meal out-of-doors and clean up afterwards. 

4. Make a bed on the ground and sleep out-of-doors one night without 
talking between taps and reveille. * 

5. Make one outdoor cooking device for using a kettle or frying pan. 

6. Make a map. 

B. Trail Maker 

1. Build 3 kinds of fires, tepees, criscross and trappers. 

2. Be responsible for cooking, in a hole in the ground, beans, chickens, 
clams, or potatoes for a group of six. This must include cleaning 
up afterwards satisfactorily. 

3. Be responsible with one other for two meals on a trip for a group 
of six. 

4. Take an overnight hike, rolling your poncho or making your pack. 

5. Make two good devices for holding a pot over a fire, and two for 
holding a frying pan over a fire. 

6. Make a canvas or poncho shelter for protection against the rain. 



Trail Maker Symbol 


C. Gipsy 

1. Build and be responsible for the evening camp or Council Fire. 

2. Build a reflector fire. (No fire is credited until properly left or 
put out.) 

3. Do all the camp cooking without help for one day for four or more 
persons. 

4. Erect a tent or make a shelter of material found in the woods. 

5. Make a permanent outdoor fireplace. 

6. Know proper disposal of camp garbage and refuse and dispose of it 
for at least two days. 

7* Organize a trail-blazing or hidden treasure hike. 

Note: Any fire requirements must be won in each grade to qualify. 


Everybody Can Camp 


181 



Gypsy Symbol 


Every girl who loves Camp Fire is interested when new 
honors are created. But there is a danger in working for the 
symbol rather than for what it stands when you are perfecting 
yourself in one of the crafts. 

With these land honors for camp, for example, the idea is 
not to spend all your waking hours feverishly tie-dyeing, mak¬ 
ing pottery, stencilling, and wood blocking for the sake of hand¬ 
craft for honors you will thereby add to your record. It is 
rather to work on wood carving because you are really inter¬ 
ested in it, you would like to understand its principles and uses 
better and you find it something to do which keeps you keen 
and alert. 

Then the honor is just a postscript to all the time you have 
given to wood carving. It pleasantly reminds you of it and 
it tells other girls who see it on your gown that you are some¬ 
what at home in wood carving. 

Handcraft Honor 

Make three pieces in any line of handcraft, at least one to be chosen 
from Class 2 below. 

Class 1—Pottery, toy making, bookbinding, count book, ' weaving, 
leather-work, tie dyeing, blocking and stencilling, bead-work, wood¬ 
carving. 

Class 2—Make a basket (using local wildwood material, pine needles, 
raffia, reed), totem pole, Indian Clock, rush mat, bird bath, a hickory 
or camp broom. 

Note: “The Book of Woodcraft,” by Ernest Thompson Seton, will be 
of use to you in planning handcraft. In the making of handcraft 
articles, particular attention should be paid to usefulness, .originality, 
beauty of line and color. 



182 


Book of the Camp Fire Girls 



Handcraft Honor Symbol 


Nature Lore Honor 

1. Make 15 blueprints of tr^es, ferns or flowers. 

2. Contribute at least two new things to the nature museum. 

3. See, identify and describe 10 birds by plumage and song. 

4. Distinguish at night and describe 5 constellations and tell their 
stories. 

5. Identify 10 varieties of mushrooms and know whether they are 
edible or poisonous. 

6. Describe from personal observation the home appearance and habits 
of two wild animals or 5 insects, butterflies or rnoths, or 3 kinds of 
snakes. 

7. Discover, name and know history of ten trees, fifteen wild flowers, 
five mosses, five ferns, or ten grasses and make a nature book. 

A choice of any four requirements must be won to qualify for this 

honor. 

S "" I ■ 





Nature Lore Honor 





Everybody Can Camp 183 



Wohelo Order 


WoHELo Order 

Suggested requirements for this, the Camp Honor; 

1. Swim once a day unless excused. 

2. Always be on time for meals and classes. 

3. Always be neat in tent, at table, and in general appearance. 

4. Observe the gospel of the clean plate. 

5. Give some voluntary service at camp. 

6. Advance one rank in swimming or teach a beginner. 

7. Write an original song, cheer, verse, story or turn in a good 
picture which you have taken. 

8. Attend setting-up exercises regularly. 

9. Finish one article at camp. 

10. Show good camp spirit. 

11. Keep silent hour. 

12. Must have won one of the camp craft honors, and eitner the nature 
or handcraft honor. 

FIRE LORE 

Long ago, you remember, when the gods first lived on Mount 
Olympus, the mortals had no fire and the land was bleak and 
gray, for there were no leaves to catch the sunlight, no birds 
in the trees. There was no spring with crocuses and violets 
and robins, no gay red autumns to be happy in. And then the 
young Titan, Prometheus, because he loved to hear birds sing¬ 
ing and children laughing in the sun, stole a burning brand from 
the fire of Zeus, the king of all the gods, and gave it, together 
with arts for taming it, to mortals. And ever since that time 
there has been warmth and sunshine in the land. And the 


184 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

sad part of the story is, you remember, how Zeus punished 
Prometheus for what he had done by binding him to a rocky 
mountain and making a vulture come every day and tear out 
his liver, which Zeus caused to grow again every night. 

Shelley has written a very beautiful poem about the story, and 
the Greek writer of plays, Aeschylus, also wrote a play about 
it, both of which you ought to read some day. 

All early people had their legends about the first fire. There 
are many Indian legends about it, too. One of the loveliest is 
“The Fire Bringer,” by Mary Austin, in her book, “The Basket 
Woman,” 

Many Camp Fire Girls are interested in finding poems, 
legends, and stories written about Fire and its companion, the 
sun. “The Sacrament to Fire,” printed in the Handbook for 
Guardians, is an example. There are beautiful things written 
to the sun also, like the “Canticle to the Sun,” by St. Francis 
of Assisi. 

We have told you about several kinds of fire for cooking 
earlier in this chapter. There are other kinds of fire too that 
are not intended for cooking. 

Social Fires, These fires are small rather than large. The 
large bonfire is boisterous, hilarious, restless, exciting. The 
small fire is cozy, comfortable, sociable, friendly. 

Ceremonial Fires 

Fires with the wood lying flat are familiar, easy, common. 
Upstanding fires are dignified. The ceremonial fire should be 
of pieces of wood about two feet long, standing on end, and 
should burn so that the flames do not reach over four feet high. 
Many Council Fires have been spoiled by having big, boisterous 
fires. Many have been spoiled by having flat, common-place, 
little smudges. There should be an ample supply of wood at 
hand, and In charge of one person, who keeps the fire just right. 
She should tend the fire between exercises only, for attending 
to the fire draws attention away from the exercises. 

To make a Council Fire which will burn a long time with¬ 
out having to be replenished, get good, dry pieces of wood 
about a foot and a half long. Lay them solidly together so 
.as to form a square; on top of these sticks, and across them. 


185 



Everybody Can Camp 


put another layer of sticks; on top of this another layer, cross¬ 
ing in the other direction until you make a structure of solid 
wood about a foot high. You then build your fire on top of 
this and it will burn down steadily through the entire pile. 

An iron pot, half filled with rock salt over which is poured 


Courtesy Charles F. Smith 
Log Cabin Council Fire 


as much kerosene as the salt will take up, may be sunk level 
with the earth under the Council Fire. This helps to make a 
steady, long-burning fire. 


Parent Fires 

In olden days, embers used to be carried from the home of 
the bride’s mother to the new home, and the hearth fire there 
was kindled from these, thus becoming a continuation of the 
old home fire. In the same way. Camp Fire Girls sometimes 
bring from some other Council Fire, fire—a lighted candle or 



186 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

lamp or a charred, burned-out fagot—as coals to start their 
first Council Fire. 

The Community Fires 

Many Camp Fire Girls are building community fireplaces, 
where the boys and girls, and also the older people, can get 
together to express their friendship and to make a place in the 
community which shall stand for all the same high things of 
friendship that the fire stands for in the home. See page 207 . 

Making Fire with Rubbing Sticks 

You know how thrilling it is to plant a bulb in the earth and 
have it grow into a flower. The thrill of making fire from 
simple wooden rubbing sticks is somewhat the same. 

On ceremonial occasions it is impressive to make fire with 
the rubbing sticks. To do this with any degree of certainty 
demands much skill and good implements. It is worth the 
effort, however, for the process is thrilling. 

Ho^ to Make Fire. There are seven parts to the fire-making 
outfit: the bow and thong (ii), the fire board (iii), the fire 
drill (iv), the thunder-bird (i), the fire pan, tinder, and tinder- 
bag. The thunder-bird is either a detachable handle made 
from a knot of wood with a hole bored into it (often a coin 
is placed in this hole), or a stone with a hole drilled into it. 
A concave piece of shell may sometimes be used. The hole in 
the thunder-bird should be cut to fit loosely over the upper 
end of the fire drill, in such a way that the drill can turn 
with as little friction as possible. Soap, or a little oil, may be 
put into the hole for smoother running. The fire board and 
fire drill should be made from balsam fir, which is the best 
wood for the purpose. The bow may be of any tough wood 
that does not bend easily. A shingle or a piece of cardboard 
may be used for the fire pan, to catch the wood dust and spark. 
The tinder is obtained from the inside bark of trees such as 
the American aspen, chestnut, or cedar, and is used as fuel 
to feed the spark as it is blown into a flame. 

The thunder-bird, in which one end of the fire stick is 
placed, is held in the left hand. In the right hand is the bow. 
The thong is wound once around the fire stick and the other 


187 


Everybody Can Camp 

end of the stick is placed in one of the notches in the fire 
board. The left wrist rests securely against the left shin. 

The left foot is placed firmly on the fire board, while kneel¬ 
ing on the right knee. The wood dust becomes scattered if 
the fire board moves at all. Now the bow is drawn, slowly 
and steadily, back and forth, until it can be worked without 
wabbling. 

The bow is then drawn faster and faster. Experience soon 
teaches how much friction is required to make the spark. With 
practice it may often be produced with twenty strokes. It is a 
good plan to count the strokes, so as to judge the progress 
better. 

There is no haste after the spark is secured. Fan it very 
gently with the hand, and place some of the finest tinder from 
the bottom of the tinder-bag around and touching it, and then 
a bunch of the fibred tinder. Then get into a comfortable posi¬ 
tion and blow the spark very gently, keeping one hand over 
it to protect it. Hold the fire so that the smoke is not blown 
into the face. There is almost always enough draft to take 
the smoke away, if you hold it correctly. Of course, the fire 
to be kindled must be laid before beginning to make fire. The 
burning tinder is now placed so as to kindle the fire, or, if 
candles are to be lighted, a wax taper is first lighted, and the 
burning tinder is put out. Whatever is left should be replaced 
in the tinder-bag. It is not easily obtained. 



ca 


Fire Set 








CHAPTER XII 

THE POUND OF PRE¬ 
VENTION AND THE 
OUNCE OF CURE 

There is so much to be said about the pound of cure that it 
would fill a book in itself. In fact it does fill one very interest¬ 
ing and helpful book, which it would be a good idea for every 
Camp Fire Girl to own. Every home as well as every Camp 
Fire group should have a copy for reference and study. 

This book is the “First Aid Text Book,” which may be se¬ 
cured from the American Red Cross, National Headquarters, 
Washington, D. C. In order to win the first aid honors under 
Health Craft, you will need this book for reference. The best 
thing of all would be for you to join a Red Cross First Aid 
class and receive a regular First Aid certificate. 

In this chapter we have emphasized prevention. We wish 
that we could give a pound of cure as well, but there is only 
room for a few ounces. It is perhaps more important to know 
how to avoid accidents than how to deal with them after they 
have occurred. This pound of prevention is made up of little 
things, many of which you may know or think you know be¬ 
cause your knowledge has never been put to the test. But 
tragic accidents are occurring every day because these seemingly 
unimportant and obvious precautions are overlooked. 

THE POUND OF PREVENTION 
In the Home 

1 . Don’t throw matches—whether or not you are sure they 
are out—into waste paper. 

2 . Be careful that no curtains or draperies are near the gas 
light or flame. 



i88 




Pound of Prevention 


189 


3 . If you use an oil stove, or a gas or electric heater in your 
house, be sure not to put it too near anything which it might 
scorch or set on fire; and extinguish it before leaving the 
room for any length of time. 

4 . Don’t forget to switch off the electric iron. The very best 
thing to do is to unscrew it from its connection, then you can 
be very sure that it is not still heating. 

5 . Don’t leave greasy or oily rags about, nor any accumu¬ 
lation of waste material where it can offer itself as fuel for an 
accidental fire. 

6 . When you leave the house, be sure that the fires are put 
out or else carefully taken care of. 

7 . Don’t hang your clothing near the stove or heater. 

8 . Don’t leave things about in passageways or , on the stairs 
for people to tumble over. 

9 . Be sure to put away tacks, pins, or needles which you 
may have been using. ’ 

10 . Dispose of opened tin cans at once. 

11. Sweep up carefully any glass which may have been 
broken. 

12 . If you lose a needle, hunt for it until you find it and 
never use pins or needles on the table where food is handled. 

13 . Always have a holder in a convenient place, so that you 
won’t be tempted to remove hot kettles with your bare hands. 

14 . When lighting the gas oven, open the doors—both upper 
and lower—before you put the match in and don’t put your 
face too near it; or, better still, use a twisted paper spill or 
wax taper to light the gas. 

15 . In lifting the cover off a boiling kettle, don’t be so foolish 
as to put your face or hand near enough for the steam to burn 
you. 

16 . Never leave a kettle of boiling or scalding water where 
it may be tipped over. 

17 . Don’t leave anything hot where people may accidently 
burn themselves on it. 

18 . If there are children in the house, be particularly careful 
and use your imagination, because it is astonishing what strange 
ways of hurting themselves children seem to discover. 












.-!.V .'1. ’ .. * 


Always a good sport 


190 





















Pound of Prevention 191 

19 . Don’t leave anything sharp around where children can 
reach it and cut themselves. 

20 . Protect all doors and windows that children are liable to 
fall out of. 

21 . Be sure that children cannot reach the table cloth and 
drag down the contents of the table upon themselves. 

22 . Above everything else, watch children constantly with 
never-ceasing vigilance. 

In the Streets 

V, 

1. Don’t play in the middle of the street, unless it is on some 
block which has been closed for that purpose. 

2 . Don’t skate in the middle of the street or hitch on wagons 
or automobiles. 

3 . Look before you cross the street, and if your traffic is reg¬ 
ulated, obey the traffic policeman. 

4 . If you are driving a car yourself, be thoughtful of pedes¬ 
trians and always observe traffic regulations. 

5 . Don’t let embarrassment prevent your helping old or 
feeble people or little children to cross the street. 

6 . In getting out of a street car, wait until the car stops, look 
to see where you are going, and always face the front of the 
car. If you want to steady yourself, use the left hand, never 
the right. 

In the Woods 

1. When you are out on a hike, stick together. The usual 
hiking formation is the leader at the head, with the assistant 
bringing up the rear, to be sure there are no stragglers. 

2 . Don’t wander off by yourself and cause the rest of the 
party worry and annoyance, even though you may be perfectly 
safe. 

3 . Don’t be too adventurous in climbing over rocks. Let 
■your leader advise where you should go. 

4 . Don’t eat anything that you pick in the woods without 
being absolutely sure what it is. 

5 . Don’t handle plants which are unfamiliar to you. You 


192 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

know poison ivy, of course, but sumac and poison oak are 
also harmful to some people. Those very susceptible to poison 
ivy may even become infected by standing in the smoke of a 
bonfire, since the poison ivy oil is carried in the smoke. 

6. Be careful of marshy ground and of quicksand. This is 
another reason why you should let your leader direct you. 
Follow any path or tracks you find in such a place. 

7. All Camp Fire Girls know how careful they should be 
about extinguishing fires. 

8. Drink sparingly of water in a strange place until you 
know its source. It is safe to drink water that a horse will 
drink, but not water that a dog will drink. 

In and On the Water 

1. If swimming is part of the program for your Camp Fire 
hike, be guided by your leader’s directions. She will choose a 
place for you to swim which will be safe. 

2. Don’t go swimming within one hour after dinner or you 
may get a cramp. 

3. Don’t stay in the water after you have begun to feel 
chilly. When your lips begin to get blue around the edges it 
is a sign that you are getting cold and ought to come out. 

4. It is better, unless you are an excellent swimmer, not to 
swim in rough water, because when the waves are high you 
are liable to be knocked over, or even if a little wave hits you 
in the face you may become panic stricken. 

5. Before you do any diving, be sure that the water is deep 
enough. Don’t dive in shallow water, where there are rocks 
or anything on which you might hit yourself. 

6. Never scream for help unless you really need it. 

7. If you are swimming where there is a life guard or 
swimming instructor, observe his rules without fail. 

8. If you are an excellent swimmer yourself, or even if you 
are not, look out for those who are with you and be ready to 
help in case of an emergency. 

9. Unless you can pass the qualifications for the Flying Fish 
(see Swimming Tests, page 145), don’t take a boat out alone. 
Don’t take one out with others who can not swim. 


Pound of Prevention 193 

10. Never change your seat in a boat when you are out on 
the water. 

11. Don’t think it funny to rock a boat; such humor has re¬ 
sulted in drowning. 

12. Examine your oars, oar locks or paddles as well as the 
boat itself before going out on the water. 

13. No matter how expert you are, if you are going out for 
the first time on an unfamiliar body of water, take the advice 
of those who know the locality better than you. There may be 
dangers of tide or current which you could not otherwise 
know of. 

Care of the Feet 

If anything is important to the Camp Fire Girl in her hiking 
and camping experience it is that her feet should be in excel¬ 
lent condition. An extra bit of precaution is here given to 
the feet. 

The most important articles of clothing on a hike are the 
shoes worn. There is the widest possible variety of opinion as 
to the best type of shoes for walking. 

One rule may be laid down, however, and that is that the 
shoes should be loose enough so that at no point will they 
bind or pinch the feet of the wearer. They, however, should 
be laced tightly enough so that they do not chafe the feet. A 
shoe with a low, wide heel is preferable to a heelless sneaker. 

Although sneakers may be worn for short walks, they are not 
usually considered support enough for the ankle on a long 
tramp or when climbing. Heavy, high-laced leather boots 
should never be worn for any type of distance walk. For 
mountain climbing many prefer thick-soled, hob-nailed shoes, 
as the nails grip the exposed rock. Other experienced climbers 
are now using shoes with a soft elk-skin sole. We do not 
advise such shoes for the climber with tender feet. 

It is better to wear two pairs of thin woolen stockings than 
one heavy pair. Cotton stockings should never be worn on a 
long hike. The stockings should be washed in tepid water at 
night so that the perspiration is not allowed to harden. Each 
morning the tramper should put on a fresh pair of stockings, 


194 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

and if her feet begin to hurt in the middle of the day, she 
should change to another fresh pair. 

Never walk with a hole in the stocking. Stockings with holes 
or hardened from perspiration inevitably cause blisters. If 
there is a tendency for any spot of the foot to blister, a strip 
of adhesive plaster should be put over the tender spot. This 
will prevent the blister from forming. 

The feet should be kept clean by being washed every night 
in tepid water. Hot water will make them tender. 

THE OUNCE OF CURE 

There are some very common emergencies that are particu¬ 
larly apt to overtake people. Every Camp Fire Girl will 
want to know how to meet them. No need to have hiking and 
camping trips spoiled or curtailed on account of blisters, for 
example: 

Treatment for Blisters 

Be careful not to cut or tear off the skin covering the blister. 
Heat the point of a needle until it is red hot, then allow it to 
cool in the air, but without touching anything, and insert it 
under the live skin just beyond the edge of the blister. Press 
out the liquid in the blister through the opening. 

To protect the blister, grease a small piece of chamois or 
sterile gauze, place it so that it covers the blister and extends 
over the solid skin some distance surrounding it, then strap 
this bandage down with strips of adhesive tape. The grease 
will keep the bandage from adhering to the blister. 

Some hikers lather their woolen stockings each morning with 
soap, slightly moistened. This method also will prevent rub¬ 
bing. For those who do not care for this method of avoiding 
foot troubles, there is the possible use of a variety of pure 
talcum powders shaken in the shoes and also dusted over the 
feet. 

Always avoid wrinkles of any sort either in the shoe lining 
or the stocking. Tramping shoes should be kept thoroughly 
oiled either with neat’s-foot oil or other prepared shoe oil. 



195 


Hearing a legend of the country at the end of the hike 



































196 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

This has a decided tendency to make the shoe waterproof, at 
the same time keeping the leather pliable and durable. 

Wet shoes should never be set to dry too near an open fire 
or stove. It is preferable to fill them full of dry paper strips 
or dry cloths, which will absorb the moisture fairly rapidly. 

Something in Your Eye 

Supposing that you get something in your eye. Rub the other 
eye in the direction away from the nose, gently and many 
times. Another old-fashioned remedy is to blow the nose vigor¬ 
ously. A way in which you can often help yourself is to pull 
the upper lid down over the lower and then roll the eye around. 
This starts the tears and they sometimes wash it out. 

If some one can help you, have her lift the upper lid with 
her thumbs and forefingers and roll it back. It will stay there 
until released. In this way you can invariably locate the speck 
that is causing the trouble. Be careful to use clean hands and 
only clean handkerchiefs around the eye. Wash it out with a 
solution of boric acid and water or with clear water. 

Eating Something Poisonous 

Remember that the thing to do if you have eaten anything 
poisonous is to take both a strong emetic and a physic as soon 
as possible, so that the poison will be driven out of the system. 

Of course, on all occasions like these it is ideal to be able 
to consult a physician. Always do so if you can. But the very 
fact that there is no trained person to consult may turn a 
simple situation like this into an emergency. It is for such 
occasions that you need to be prepared, and as Camp Fire 
Girls it will be expected of you. Try to be calm whether you# 
know how to help or not. 

Swallowing Something Sharp 

If you swallow a fish bone or anything else of that nature, 
eat a baked potato or several slices of soft bread. The idea is 
to surround the bone with something soft so that it will become' 
embedded and carried through the digestive track successfully. 



Pound of Prevention 197 


For Simple Burns and Sunburn 

The simplest treatment for burns, and this applies to sun¬ 
burn, too, is to bathe them with a solution of bicarbonate of 
soda and water or to apply olive oil. Cocoa butter is good for 
sunburn. The heat of the skin will melt and spread it over the 
sunburn. It forms a thin coating that keeps the air out and 
allows the burn to‘heal. It is dangerous to get too sunburned. 
It not only weakens the system but it often leaves the skin 
susceptible to some form of skin trouble. 


Poison Ivy and Insect Bites 

A remedy for poison ivy consists of scrubbing the blisters 
with a stiff brush and laundry soap. Then apply alcohol or 
ether. This dries up the acid in the blisters, which the alkaline 
in the soap has neutralized and dissipated. 

Household ammonia is good for mosquito or any insect bites. 
All insect bites are acid. Apply a strong soap suds if you 
have no ammonia and let the lather dry on the bites. 

Keep Zonite and iodine in your kit to use as an antiseptic 
for cuts, scratches, and breaks of any kind. 


Barrels of fun 



CHAPTER XIII 

FUN INDOORS 



We all, that is most of us, know how to go about having fun 
indoors because there are so many games to be played, so 
many kinds of parties to have, and so many thing to do in the 
house. We are not going to try to give you suggestions for 
parties or games in this book. We ask you to turn to back 
files of EverygirVs Magazine and to other books that we have 
listed at the end of this book where you can find plans for all 
kinds of parties and all kinds of games. 

Because the thing that we all like to do most is to give a 
play and because we therefore waste many good hours doing 
unnecessary things to get ready for our play since we did not 
quite know the right things to do, we are going to tell you 
how to go about giving a play. Then it will be a success 
from the point of view of the spectators as well as from yours. 

Again in selecting plays to give we refer you to EverygirVs 
Magazine, which publishes suggestions for plays every month, 
or you may write to Mrs. Mabel F. Hobbs, Drama Consultant, 
Playground and Recreation Association of America, 315 Fourth 
Avenue, New York. 

Tell her the kind of play you wish to give, the number of 
girls to take part, whether or not there are to be boys in the 
cast, whether or not you have ever given a play before, and 
whether you want to present it indoors or outdoors, and she 
will suggest a play that will be well worth giving. 

( 

How to Make Your Play a Success 

The ideal program for your amateur dramatics is an evening 
of two one-act plays well done. 

Why can amateurs present a bill of short plays more effec¬ 
tively than one long play? Because from the standpoint of the 
audience, it is safer to risk two one-act plays. If one falls 

198 




199 


Pun Indoors 

short it may be redeemed by the other. Rehearsals can be ar¬ 
ranged for each play separately and will not be nearly so bur¬ 
densome as rehearsals for one long play. 

Try to express the mood and thought of the author, empha¬ 
sizing truth, clearness of line and vigor. Through your dra¬ 
matics you can really serve your community by developing the 
talent of your members, by fostering the spirit of cooperation, 
and by creating a desire for an American art based upon what 
is best in our tradition. 

Give the best that is in you, and then be proud enough of 
your best to keep a record of it in the form of good photo¬ 
graphs. If you have achieved the unusual in costuming, stage 
settings or groupings, good photographs will not only be a fine 
thing for you to keep* for your own reference but others will 
want to see them. 

Do you want to take a flashlight photograph of your play 
after the production? Have you seen many flashlight photo¬ 
graphs that give a pleasing impression? If you have given a 
beautiful performance, it seems too bad to have the photo¬ 
graphs show the performers standing in a line glaring into the 
camera. Do it the right way. 

On the day of your dress rehearsal have a good photographer 
take your scenes. Don’t stare into the camera, but have your 
stage director select the best moments of your play. Take your 
positions exactly as you did In rehearsal. Even say those par¬ 
ticular lines again in order to catch the spirit of the play. 
Then hold It, and let the photographer do his best! 

You should schedule this day-time appointment with your 
photographer just as definitely as you schedule your dress re¬ 
hearsal, and consider It almost as important. Many photog¬ 
raphers are willing to take pictures of your performance with¬ 
out cost to your organization, knowing that members of the 
cast and other Interested persons will buy the pictures. 

Is your dress rehearsal a hectic affair, or do you carefully 
plan for it in advance? In nine cases out of ten, amateur 
dress rehearsals are so chaotic that the performers go home 
discouraged and fearful that the play will be an utter failure. 

Of course a certain amount of apprehension over this is 


200 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

really good for you, providing you use your brain and will¬ 
power to transfer this physical nervousness into mental alert¬ 
ness. This mental alertness will give zest and a keen edge to 
your performance, if you will it so. The result is that you rise 
to the occasion and give a brilliant performance. 

Above all things, do not have Ipng waits between acts if you 
do decide to give a long play, or even if you are giving two 
short plays. Have some person assigned to help quickly with 
the change of scenes and costumes. Nothing stamps a produc¬ 
tion as so poorly amateurish as long, tiresome waits between 
curtains. Nothing is more irritating to an audience. 

Here are some practical suggestions for the business end of 
your production: 

Have a Box Office Czar 

Sometimes such a business organization is condensed into a 
smaller one. For example, one person finds it possible to serve 
in two ways. Perhaps your director is also a stage manager. 
Perhaps the chairman of your finance committee (who would 
be the treasurer, naturally) would also find it possible to take 
personal charge of the box office. 

Could your business manager also attend to both printing 
and publicity, and possibly to buying the supplies? In such 
ways you could cut the size of your business organization, but 
the duties to be performed would be the same. They are all 
there to help you keep them clearly in mind. 

First comes the executive committee, composd of the director 
and stage manager, the business manager, the treasurer and 
the publicity manager. It would be best that the chairman of 
this executive committee be your Guardian. Your organization 
should be divided into two separate branches; one to take care 
of the business and promotion end, the other to take care of 
the production. 

The promotion end of it is headed by the business manager. 
Under her guidance and direction will serve, first, the pub¬ 
licity manager, who will see that notices of the performance 
are printed in advance in all the newspapers possible, that 
posters are put in the windows of book stores, drug stores and 


Fun Indoors 201 

other available places. It is up to her to think out and use 
original means of publicity. 

Second comes the printing committee. If the group is small 
enough, one person alone can take care of this. Besides having 
printed tickets and posters, you might want attractive programs. 
In this case the business manager, who solicits program adver¬ 
tising, would work in close cooperation with the person attend¬ 
ing to the printing. 

They are the two people who must agree upon the cost and 
attractiveness of the programs. Of course, the printing com¬ 
mittee may be able to eliminate the cost of posters if some 
artistic member of your group can make them by hand. 

Next is the finance committee. It must find ways and means 
to raise the money for supplies and work closely with the busi¬ 
ness manager. This committee might find it possible to obtain 
an advance from the club treasury or might charge supplies 
needed for the production and pay for them out of the pro¬ 
ceeds of the play. 

The box office committee distributes tickets for the advance 
seat sale. They also sell tickets at the door on the night of 
the performance. Usually book stores and drug stores well 
known by your group will take these tickets for sale. The box 
office committee must, of course, keep strict accounts and turn 
them over to the finance committee in good shape. 

Next some one person must have charge of the supplies in 
order to avoid confusion. She works in close relation with the 
stage manager, who needs these supplies for the production, 
and with the finance committee, who makes possible that 
purchase. 

The last but not least important part of your business or¬ 
ganization is the committee that takes charge of the theatre 
question, providing a place to give your play, unless your 
organization already has access to some little theatre. They 
must see to all the details, even to the arranging of chairs, if 
that should be necessary. 

The production side speaks for itself and needs no explana¬ 
tion. Perhaps your director and stage manager will be one 
and the same person, designing the costumes and taking care 


202 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

of the lighting besides. It will be much better, however, tO’ 
have some responsible person take charge of the properties in 
order to relieve the director of as much detail as possible. 

It is very much better to have the people concerned with 
production left free to work out their own problems and not 
be worried with the details of the business end of it. How¬ 
ever, if that is impossible, keep the business part in mind and 
divide the duties. Perhaps you will surprise yourselves by 
both your artistic and your executive achievements. 



Singing and Singing Contests 

Almost everybody loves to sing. When we are gathered 
around a fire, whether it be out of doors with the stars and 
waving branches over our heads or inside with dancing 
shadows on the wall behind us, we always find ourselves 
wanting to sing. We forget all the lurking self-consciousness 
about the uncertain elements in our voices, but we often find 
ourselves wishing, at least those of us who are average people 
with average voices, that we could sing more beautifully. And 
no doubt we could if we gave the matter a certain amount of 
thought and care. 

The Camp Fire Program is distinct in its emphasis on sing¬ 
ing. No organization has a more beautiful group of songs 
especially its own than the organization of the Camp Fire 
Girls. The Neidlinger songs—“Boating Song,” “Walking Song,” 
“The Sheltering Flame,” “Blessing,” “Mammy Moon,” “Burn, 



Fun Indoors 


203 


Fire, Burn” and “Good Night”—are particularly beautiful, and, 
as a rule, Camp Fire Girls sing them far from well enough, 
because they are careless and sing them in unison, neglecting 
the beautiful harmonies which are in the music. 

It is a rather difficult thing to set a standard for singing, 
since we can have no actual model by which to measure our 
achievement, unless, of course, we consider using phonograph 
records as our models, which, by the way, is a very excellent 
idea. Hearing the songs we intend to sing sung on a good 
phonograph record gives us an idea of what we should strive 
for and sets a standard by which to measure our accomplish¬ 
ments. But for our Camp Fire songs there are no phonograph 
records which we can use for models. But here is a sugges¬ 
tion: Perhaps you can get some choral club or choir in your 
city to sing your songs for you as they ought to be sung. 

Then you will never again be contented with just “singing 
along,” but will want to make your singing as harmonious and 
beautiful as possible. Whether the choir or choral club can 
arrange to sing your songs or not, certainly they will be able 
to sing “America the Beautiful,” and should be willing to do 
it, especially so that your girls can hear them. To sing any 
national anthem well is a r»al goal to which to aspire. 

Why not then spend some of your long winter evenings in 
learning to sing well? Get your family to take an interest and 
start a family glee club. Don’t be satisfied unless every one 
sings a different part. At least do not all carry the “air.” 

Each Camp Fire Girl could organize her family or part of 
it into a quartet and they could have a neighborhood song 
contest at the end of the winter. But, remember, no singing 
contest really counts or is a fair contest unless every group 
contesting sings the same songs. The judges will have to be 
persons of musical discrimination and will have to listen to 
the same song sung as many times as there are contestants. 
They will find that because of this they will be able to make 
a fair decision. 

Why not have your group and other groups in the city or 
nearby cities or towns plan to have a Camp Fire song contest 
in the spring. You can all decide on the same songs that you 


204 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

will be judged on. National Headquarters suggested “Lay Me 
to Sleep” and “The Walking Song,” both in the Neidlinger 
group of Camp Fire Songs, for the Camp Fire Birthday song 
contests in 1924. Why not use the same songs? 

Be sure to get some one who knows a great deal about 
music and how to teach music to help you at some of your 
rehearsals. Invite such a person to some of your meetings 
during the winter and spend half or three-quarters of an hour 
drilling on the points she or he emphasizes. 

Belong to a Singing Camp Fire. To earn that title you must 
sing well. That means to sing your songs with feeling and 
expression, with clear enunciation, with absolute regard for 
the way the music is written, that is, for time, length of notes, 
accent and meaning. 

Under Local Honors you will find some suggestions for 
Honors in Music. Show them to your music teacher. Pick out 
certain ones that you will try for. Get the other members of 
your group to do the same. ^ 

Mother-Daughter Banquets 

The Camp Fire Girls have established a delightful custom 
of giving a banquet for their mothers every year. At these 
banquets the mothers get an idea of what Camp Fire is doing 
for their daughters and they get acquainted with the mothers 
of their daughters’ friends. 

The girls themselves plan and prepare the meal, the decora¬ 
tions and favors, and do all of the serving. After the supper 
or banquet there is a program. Sometimes the girls give a 
demonstration of their Camp Fire activities, sometimes they 
have a Council Fire; and sometimes they have-a program of 
fun, in which their mothers can be taking part. 

Perhaps the most popular is a program of old-time songs 
and games—the sort that the mothers used to sing and play 
when they were girls. Sometimes the girls ask their mothers 
to use only their first names at these parties and submit to 
having their girlhood photographs hung in the picturp gallery 
of the evening. 

You will find that the mothers will enjoy dropping their role 


Fun Indoors 205 

of mother for an evening and being girls again along with 
their daughters. 

The girls usually send their mothers home with gifts that 
have been made by the girls especially for them, while the 
girls remain behind to clear up the signs of the party. 



Taking care of children does not bore a Camp Fire Girl 



CHAPTER XIV 


CITIZENSHIP- 

PATRIOTISM 


Citizenship for Girls 

Since every one who is born on American soil is an Ameri¬ 
can, and since every one born in another country is a citizen 
of that country, it makes our citizenship begin pretty early, 
doesn’t it? Of course we have always considered babies and 
children and young girls and boys citizens of this or that 
country when it came to a matter of law, but it has only been 
in the last few years that we considered people younger than 
twenty-one as citizens in the larger sense. And the queer 
thing about it is that what we call citizenship today, the Camp 
Fire Girls were giving and living from the day that there 
were first Camp Fire Girls (1912). 

Citizenship for girls does not mean a knowledge of politics 
or how to work a voting machine or helping at the polls at 
election time. It does not mean a knowledge of civics or gov^ 
ernment although there is a very interesting and valuable 
course given in all schools called “civics.” It means in the 
broadest sense “Service to Your Community.” Nowhere, from 
our largest and richest cities to the smallest and poorest town 
in Alaska or China, are the Camp Fire Girls forgetting that 
part of their program which is “Service to Their Communities.” 
And the very nice part about it all is that it is all done, not 
with the heavy patronizing spirit of doing one’s duty (you 
know there are people who feel that what is one’s duty should 
never be done with any pleasure) but for the fun of doing 
the thing, and that is the greatest kind of citizenship in the 
world. 



206 


Citizenship 207 

Here are some of the things that Camp Fire Girls have done 
and are doing all the time, which are citizenship and the right 
kind of citizenship for girls. 

First there are material things that the girls have done for 
their communities. 

Community Fireplaces 

In many a city and tourist park throughout the country there 
is a beautiful fireplace where any one may come and cook his 
out-of-door meals. These fireplaces in most cases are the gifts 
of the Camp Fire Girls to the community. The girls raise 
the funds to build the fireplaces in different ways. Sometimes 
they get gifts of the materials and the service of an architect 
to make the plans and specifications. In one city the .fireplace 
is made of cobblestones which the girls from all of the city and 
the surrounding country brought to the spot where the fireplace 
is built. The girls in this city took hikes throughout the winter 
and spring and early summer to the park and each girl carried 
her stone. The fireplace is called the “Hearth of Friendly 
Stones” and is erected in the Tourist Park. 

Community Houses 

In a number of places the girls have raised money and have 
had built a community bungalow or small house. Usually this 
has been in smaller towns. The girls use the house for their 
meetings and good times, but they let other organizations use 
it also. 

In one place the girls rented a house and held craft classes 
and afternoon dances for any girl that w'anted to come. It was 
not a Camp Fire Girls' House but a Girls' House, although it 
was maintained by the Camp Fire Girls. In other places the 
girls have built themselves with the help of Boy Scouts and a 
carpenter, a community camp for week-ends. Usually they 
manage to have the ground given or lent to them and they 
have the fun of doing much of the actual work of construc¬ 
tion themselves. When the boys help them, there are picnic 
suppers to be cooked, etc. The chmps are located usually 


208 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

within hiking distance from town and may be used by any 
hiking parties. Of course the girls keep careful record of the 
reservations for the camp so that two parties are not going 
there at the same time, and they insist that certain rules are 
strictly followed. Along the same lines is a ship that the 
Camp Fire Girls of'Seattle own. This is a wooden hull that 
was given to the girls for their headquarters and it is moored 
at the end of a city street. The girls called in their mothers 
and fathers and aunts and uncles and brothers so that the con¬ 
verting of that old hull into a charming headquarters was done 
by the whole community. Now it has fireplaces, social halls, 
craft rooms, gymnasium in the hold, and window boxes filled 
with gay flowers. The name of the good ship, “The Com- 
araderie,” shows you how every one aboard is friendly to 
every one else and how every one is welcome. It is .lent to 
other organizations for meetings and parties and indeed is a 
community asset. 

Parks 

Girls making a park for their town or city is rather difficult 
to imagine isn’t it? But that is just exactly what the Camp 
Fire Girls have done in a great many places. Of course they 
are not great city parks like Central Park in New York or 
Lincoln Park in Chicago, but they are parks and beautiful 
parks too. 

Sometimes it is just an ugly vacant lot on the main street that 
the girls convert into a little park. That is what the girls 
did in Sloatsburg, New York, They filled in the holes; they 
cut down the weeds; they planted grass and flowers; they built 
benches, and put up an attractive town bulletin board. Then 
the girls saved up their money and bought a lawn mower and 
mowed the grass themselves. And then the City Fathers waked 
up a bit and had the city take care of the park so that the 
girls had a rest and time to do other things. 

Out west on the Lincoln Highway, the Camp Fire Girls in 
Gothenburg, Nebraska, got permission to change a big section 
of land into a Tourist Park. The job was such a big one that 
they called in the Boy Scouts and their fathers and uncles and 


209 


Citizenship 

brothers to help them, for there was the underbrush to be 
cleared out, dead trees to be cut down, and a pier to be built. 
The girls did not stop with the necessities. They built a fire¬ 
place, a treehouse high up In a tree from whence one could 
get a view of the surrounding country for miles; they even 
built a house in the park—a real house with a cement cellar 
and a roof and a door with a latch string on the outside—so 
that tourists in the park might keep dry if the rain overtook 
them. They organized a patrol, for they wanted their park 
to be kept as attractive always as it was when they finished it; 
they wanted the birds and the wild flowers protected. For two 
or three years the girls and boys of the town took care of the 
park themselves. Then they realized that it should be the re¬ 
sponsibility of the whole community so they gave the park to 
the town and it is now maintained by the city government. 

Destroying Pests 

And second there are things that the girls do and can do for 
their communities that are not material. 

The Camp Fire Girls have honors for destroying such pestsi 
as the tent caterpillar, the gypsy moth, etc., for killing flies, etc., 
and the girls are everywhere being a great help in destroying 
the pests which threaten the fruit and other trees of the coun¬ 
try. By so doing they are proving their citizenship. 

Community Entertainments 

To add to the social life of the community by putting on a 
good entertainment or festival is citizenship and citizenship that 
is fun. In many places, the Camp Fire Girls have been re¬ 
sponsible for certain community festivals like Girls’ Day (a 
day in spring when all the girls in the town, whether they are 
Camp Fire Girls or not, have a festival, out-door games, 
dances, songs, etc.) or Winter Carnival (see page 154)• 
many places they have taken complete charge of the Community 
Christmas Festivities, including the community out-door Christ¬ 
mas tree, the party for the children, and the revival of the 
beautiful old custom of singing the Christmas carols in the 
streets on Christmas Eve. 


210 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

In some places the girls have brought lectures or concerts 
to the town in order to enrich the life of the community. 

Cooperation with Other Organizations 

Everywhere you will find Camp Fire Girls helping other or¬ 
ganizations in their drives for funds or membership. They 
have raised thousands of dollars for the Red Cross, and sold 
many thousands of stamps every year for the Anti-Tuberculosis 
Association. They have co-operated generously with The 
Needlework Guild of America (see pages 60-61). 

Camp Fire Girls are always discouraged hy National policy, 
honvever, from soliciting for funds on the streets for any or¬ 
ganization. 

There is no chance of your ever having to be urged to give 
generously of your time and strength to other organizations 
when they put in a call for help. But there is a chance of 
your forgetting that you have obligations at home and at 
school which must come first. You must therefore learn to 
check up your time and your strength and to be able to refuse 
graciously to do things you are asked to do. If you are neg¬ 
lecting your home duties or your school work for your outside 
activities, you are failing to live up to your Camp Fire ideals. 

Patriotism 

What is patriotism after all? Did you ever stop to answer 
that question? Have we not learned in the years when 
organizations like the Boy Scouts and the Camp 'Fire Girls 
have been growing to be a power for good in the nation, that 
the waving of the flags, the singing of the anthems, and the 
patriotic parades are just the furbelows and decorations of 
patriotism? It is not what we say and do on special occasions 
so much as what we are, that establishes our record as patriots 
and citizens. 

We have said much about citizenship for girls. Can there 
be any patriotism which does not include and in fact is not 
composed for the most part of just such citizenship as we have 
described? By serving your community, you are serving your 
country. Did it ever occur to you That by helping to destroy 


Citizenship 211 

the tent caterpillar from your countryside, your are serving 
your whole country, or that by making your own little town a 
bit more beautiful by cleaning up your yards or by planting 
trees and flowers in its ugly lots, you are giving patriotic ser¬ 
vice as well as community service? For although we live in one 
town and one state and may never get beyond the borders of 
either, the rest of the country is ours too just as much as our 
own state is. We have only to go to a foreign country to 
realize how proud we are of the good things about our own 
country whether we live near them or not. 

So citizenship is patriotism. Patriotism is composed of some 
other things too. How about good health? A nation to be 
great must be composed of strong healthy men and women and 
boys and girls. The men and women cannot think clearly and 
well if they are not well, and to steer governments, to think in 
terms big enough to see the points of view of other nations 
than your own, requires a healthy brain. You Camp Fire Girls 
are the mothers of the next generation. You are also the pres- 
ent generation and as such you will, when your time comes, 
have to take your part in the government of the nation. To 
do both of these as they should be done, you must have health. 
Good health also, is patriotism. 

And now what about the family? Are happy sympathetic 
families not an important part of a nation? Being a more 
considerate daughter and sister, a kinder, more reliable neigh¬ 
bor and friend is also adding to the strength of your country, 
and is therefore a part of patriotism. 

And now we are right back where we started. You are a 
real Camp Fire Girl, living the Camp Fire Law to the best of 
your ability, following the slogan “Give Service” and the 
watchword “Work, Health and Love.” You are following the 
Camp Fire program of activities, you are winning your ranks. 
And because you are doing all this and are keeping happy by 
having fun doing the things you have to do and want to do, 
you are serving your country, and your country is justly proud 
of you. 


212 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 



By this time you are convinced of what fun it is to be a Camp 
Fire Girl, but after all you can only be one in the place in which 
you live. 

Wouldn’t it be thrilling to step on a magic carpet and wish 
yourself into every other place where girls are working and 
playing in the Camp Fire way? 

You will be surprised when you realize that this is part of 
the white magic which is within your reach. Yes, you actually 
have a wishing carpet, and EverygirVs —the Magazine of the 
Camp Fire Girls is it! It will transport you to hundreds of 
other Camp Fire communities and make you feel acquainted 
with the girls in them. 

You will want EverygirVs, In fact, you will find that you can 
not get nearly as much out of Camp Fire without it. Send in 
your subscription so that we can definitely feel that you expect 
it at your house each month. 

Some of the things it will bring you are: stories, the kind that 
make you see yourself doing all sorts of things. Then there are 
pages known as “Sparks” that tell you what other Camp Fire 
Girls are doing. 

These articles include thrilling kinds of camping and gypsy 
trips, craft projects, and pieces of community service. 

But the thing you will probably love most about your maga¬ 
zine is that certain pages and columns in it are open to you. 
One department contains the writing done by Camp Fire Girls 
and signed with their names. 

Why not earn the one dollar for a subscription? 




Citizenship 213 

SYMBOLS OF RANK AND INSIGNIA 



Torch Bearer 









214 , Book of the Camp Fire Girls 


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216 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 



OUR 

BOOK 

LIST 


Nature 

Landscapes and Life History Charts—complete set $1.00. Birds, 
Trees, Fish, Reptiles, Flowers, etc. Comstock Publishing Co., 
Ithaca, N. Y. 

Field and Camp Notebook. 2 leather covered loose-leaf volumes 
covering complete field of nature lore, $3.00. Comstock Publishing 
Co., Ithaca, N. Y. 

Pocket Bird Collection. Nos. I, II, III (Eastern) and No. IV 
(Western), 10 cents per copy. Also smaller booklets on each bird. 
Audubon Society, 1974 Broadway, New York City. 

Key to Land Mammals of Northeastern North American by Garrett S. 
Miller, Jr., 35 cents. New York State Museum, Albany, New York. 

National History of Frogs by Miss Dickinson. Bureau of Fisheries, 
Department of Commerce, Washington, D. C. 

Butterfly Book by W. J. Holland. Doubleday, Page & Co. $5.00. 

How to Attract Birds in Northeastern U. S., Farmer’s Bulletin 621; 
Northwestern U. S., Farmer’s Bulletin 760; Middle Atlantic States, 
Farmer’s Bulletin 844; East Central States, Farmer’s Bulletin 912. 

Bird Houses and How to Build Them, Farmer’s Bulletin 609. 

Community Bird Refuges, Farmer’s Bulletin 1239. 

Conserving our Wild Animals and Birds, Farmer’s Bulletin 8361, 
U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. 

Book of Birds by Henry Henshaw, National Geographic Society, Wash¬ 
ington, D. C. 

Field Book of Insects by Frank E. Lutz. G. P. Putnam’s Sons, New 
York City. $5.00. 

North American Trees. N. L. Britton. Henry Holt, New York City. 








Our Book Stall 


217 


Wild Flower Key and Plates, 208 species, 10 cents per set. In lots 
of 10 or more, 6 cents. Comstock Publishing Co., Ithaca, New York. 

Our Edible Toadstools and Mushrooms and How to Distinguish Them. 
Gibson. Harper Bros. 

How to Know the Ferns. F. T. Parsons. Scribner’s, $2.50. 

Reptile Book (Snakes, lizards, turtles, etc.) R. L. Ditmar, $4.00. 
Sturgis & Walton Co., New York City. 

Care of Small Aquaria. D. C. Osborn. New York Zoological So¬ 
ciety, New York City. 

The Pocket Nature Library including the Bird, Flower, Tree, and 
Butterfly guides. Doubleday, Page & Co., $5.00. 

Camping and Camp Craft 

Camping and Woodcraft. Horace Kephart. Macmillan, $3.00. 

Camp Craft. Warren Miller. Charles Scribner’s Sons, $1.75. 

Fires and Camp Cooking. Dr. E. Laurence Palmer, 15 cents. Corn- 
stock Publishing Co., Ithaca, N. Y. 

Manual on Organized Camping. L. H. Weir. Macmillan, $2.00. 

Camp Cookery. Kephart. Macmillan, $1.00. 

Book of Woodcraft. E. T. Seton. Doubleday, Page & Co., New York 
City, $2.00. 

Woodcraft Manual. Woodcraft League of America, Inc., 370 Seventh 
Avenue, New York City. 

The Way of the Woods. Edward Breck. G. P. Putnam’s Sons, $1.50. 

Boy’s Camp Book. E. Cave. 50 cents. Doubleday, Page & Co., New 
York City. 

Canoeing and Camping. J; A. Cruikshank. Spalding’s Red Cover 
Series. 25 cents. 

Camp and Trail. Stewart Edward White. Outing, 1917. $1.25. 

Camps and Camping. Spalding’s, Fifth Avenue, New York City, 1921- 
22-23-24. 25 cents. 

Camp Fire Girls’ Vacation Book—Camp Fire Outfitting Co., 197 Greene 
Street, New York City. 25 cents. 

Astronomy 

Nature Study Pamphlets by Louise Brown. 

No. 2. The Sky: Winter Nights, 50c. 

3. A Trip to the Moon, 30c. 

5. The Sky: Spring and Summer Nights, 50c. 

6 . All Night with the Stars, 30c. 

Woman’s Press, New York City. 

Star Maps. A. B. Comstock. Comstock Publishing Co., Ithaca, New 
York. 

Maps of the Heavens. Camp Fire Outfitting Co., 197 Greene Street, 
' New York City. 19 cents. 

Summer Sports, Swimming, Canoeing and Rowing 

Swimming Book by Frank J. Sullivan. Thos. E. Wilson Co., Chicago, 
25 cents. 


218 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

Official Intercollegiate Swimming Guide, 1923. Spalding's Athletic 
Library, 25 cents. 

Swimming and Watermanship, by L. De B. Handley. Macmillan, 

$ 1 . 00 . 

Swimming and Diving. Gerald Barnes. Scribner’s, $1.50. 

Swimming and Life-saving Standards and Canoeing Standards for 
Summer Camps. (Camp Directors Association) Dr. Eugene Lehman, 
Highland Manor, Tarrytown-on-Hudson, N. Y. 

The Canoe. Pinkerton. Outing Handbook. Macmillan. $1.00. 

Handbook for Canoeing Councillors. Eleanor Deming, Camp Mira- 
michi, Merrill, N. Y., 25 cents. 

Life Saving Methods. American Red Cross, Pamphlet 1005. 

Junior Life-saving Crews for Boys and Girls, Pamphlet 1004. 

Life-saving Corps for Men and Women, Pamphlet 1002. 

Rowing. Richard A., and Richard J. Glenden. Lippincott. 

Sports and Games 

The Witchery of Archery. Thompson. Scribner’s. 

Archery. Spalding’s Athletic Library. 

Tennis for Women. Spalding’s Athletic Library. 

Official Handbook of the National Committees on Women’s Athletics of 
the American Physical Education Association. Spalding’s, 25 cents. 

Official Handbook of the Girls’ Branch of the Public Schools Athletic 
League of the City of New York. While they last, copies may be 
obtained from the League at 157 East 67th Street, New York City. 

Suggestions for a Physical Education Program for Secondary Schools, 
Physical Education Series No. 3, Supt. of Documents, Washington, 
D. C. 10 cents per copy. 

Health by Stunts. Pearl and Brown. Macmillan, $1.40. 

Games for Playground, Home, School and Gymnasium. Bancroft. 

Athletic Games. Bancroft and Pulvermacher. Macmillan, $2.00. 

Group Athletics for Girls, Bulletins Nos. 140, 141, Dept, of Recrea¬ 
tion, Russell Sage Foundation, New York City. 

325 Group Contests. Cromie. Macmillan, $1.50. 

Recreative Athletics. Playground and Recreation Association of 
America, 315 Fourth Avenue, New York City. 

Official rule books for every sport are published by Spalding Bros., and 
can be obtained at all their branch stores. They can also be ob¬ 
tained from the publishers, the American Sports Publishing Co., 45 
Rose Street, New York City. 

Basket Ball and Indoor Baseball for Women. Frost and Wardlaw. 

Book of Woodcraft. Ernest Thompson Seton. Doubleday, Page, 

$ 2 . 00 . 

Pageantry, Dramatics, Music, and Dancing for Play Production 

Heroes of the Puppet Stage by Madge Anderson. Harcourt, Brace & 
Co., N. Y. 



Our Book Stall 219 

Producing Amateur Entertainments by Helen Ferris. E. P. Dutton, 
$2.50. 

Producing in Little Theatres by Clarence Stratton. Henry Holt, $2.90. 
Pageantry by Hazel Mackaye. Womans Press. 

Plays and Pageants 

Junior Play Book, edited by Helen L. Cohen. Harcourt, Brace & Co. 
Everygirl by Mary S. Edgar. Womans Press, 50c. 

A Midsummer Day’s Frolic (an outdoor play for girls) by Dorothy 
Powell. Womans Press, 50c. 

Plays for School and Camp by Lord. Little Brown. 

Beau and Belle by Constance Smedley. Womans Press, 50c. 

The Shining Goddess by Clara E. Sackett. Womans Press, 50c. 
Maiden Over the Wall by Bertram Bloch. Womans Press, 50c. 

The Festival of Yankee Doodle by Sue Ann Wilson. Womans Press, 
50c. 

Everygirl’s Health by Jane Bellows. Womans Press. 

A Pageant of Loyalty by Dorothy Powell. Womans Press, 50c. 

Down Petticoat Lane by Helen Durham. Womans Press. 

The Wayside Piper by Mary S. Edgar. Womans Press, 50c. 
Community Drama, and Community Service Booklet, published by 
Community Service. 

Dramatized Poems issued by the Poet’s Guild, Christodora House, 
New York City. 

One Act Plays by Alice Brown. Macmillan, $1.75. 

Religious Drama 

Drama in Religious Services by Martha Candler. Century Co., $3.00. 
Six Bible Plays by Mabel Hobbs and Helen Miles. Century Co., $2.00. 
Religious Dramas, 1924. Century Co. 

Dramatized Bible Stories for Young People by Mary Russell. George 
H. Doran Co., $1.00. 

The Crusade of the Children by Elizabeth Woodbridge. Century Co. 
Bible Plays and Shorter Bible Plays by Rita Benton. Abington 
Press. 

Boys and Girls in Hebrew History by Annie Russell Marble. Century 
Co., 25c. 

Miscellaneous 

What Bird is That? Frank Chapman. Appleton, $1.50. 

First Book in Geology. N. S. Shailer. 

Handbook of Birds of Eastern North America. Frank Chapman. 
Appleton, $4.00. 

Field Book of American Wild Flowers. Schuyler Mathews. Putnam, 
$3.50. 

Our Early Wild Flowers. Keeler. Scribner, $1.75. 

The Friendly Stars. Martin. Harpers. 


Scribner, 


220 Book of the Camp Fire Girls 

Our Native Trees, and How to Identify Them. Keeler. 

$3.00. 

Our Native Shrubs, and How to Identify Them. Keeler. Scribner, 
$3.00. 

How to Know the Wild Fruits. Peterson. Macmillan, $2.00. 

Trees in Winter. Blakeslee-Jarvis. Macmillan, $3.50. 

Shells. Rogers. Doubleday, Page, $5.00. 

Games for the Playground, Home, School and Gymnasium. Jessie H. 
Bancroft. Macmillan, $2.40. 

Folk-Dances and Singing Games. Elizabeth Burchenal. G. Schirmer. 
The Folk-Dance Book. C. Ward Crampton. A. S. Barnes & Co. 

Ice Breakers. E. Geister. Womans Press, $J.35. 

It is to Laugh. E. Geister. Doran, $1.25. 

Let’s Play. E. Geister. Doran, $1.25. 

Good Songs for Camp Fire Groups to Own 

“Twice 55 Songs, No. I” (15c.), C. C. Birchard & Co., 221 Columbus 
Ave., Boston, Mass. 

“Twice 55 Songs, No. II” (25c.), C. C. Birchard & Co., 221 Columbus 
Ave., Boston, Mass. 

“Ten Songs for 10c.,” C. C. Birchard & Co., 221 Columbus Ave., 
Boston, Mass. 

Model Records (any Columbia or Victor dealer). 

100 for 70c.—Song sheet for general occasions. No. I (Peabody Con¬ 
servatory), Kearnz-Smith, 303 N. Charles St., Baltimore. 

100 for 70c.—Song sheet for home singing (Peabody Conservatory, 
Kearnz-Smith, 303 N. Charles St., Baltimore. 



Beans cooking in bean hole 














THE CAMP FIRE OUTFITTING COMPANY 
FROM WHICH YOU BUY 
YOUR SUPPLIES 

The founders of the movement realized that owing to the 
natural growth of the organization, the time would immediately 
be upon them when the simple supplies such as wooden beads, 
khaki cloth for gowns, certain types of athletic wear, the in¬ 
signia of the organization in sterling silver, and other supplies 
necessary to the growth of any such organization must be fur¬ 
nished. They had no desire to “enter business,” yet it was 
absolutely necessary that the furnishing of such supplies should 
not be left to promiscuous commercial endeavor. 

To meet this need the Camp Fire Outfitting Company was 
organized and the expenses of organization underwritten. It is 
separately incorporated and is the supply department of the 
Camp Fire Girls. It stands on its own feet absolutely. 

It is granted the exclusive right to handle all Camp Fire 
material covered by copyright. All prices charged for this ma¬ 
terial are passed upon by the Supplies Committee of the Board 
of Directors of the Camp Fire Girls and increases and reduc¬ 
tions are submitted to this Committee. The Camp Fire Out¬ 
fitting Company pays to the Camp Fire Girls five per cent, 
on its gross sales and in this way contributes to the support 
of the national organization. 

Such articles as indicate either membership or rank will be 
sold only to Camp Fire Girls and Guardians, for example, the 
Guardian’s pin, the Torch Bearer’s pin, the Fire Maker’s brace¬ 
let, the ceremonial gown, and honor beads. Other articles which 
are not for official use may be sold to anyone. 

No officer, director, or anyone else connected in any way 
with the Camp Fire organization has any financial interest 
or derives any financial return from the Camp Fire Outfitting 
Company. 


221 


INDEX 


Bacon and eggs, on a stone, 169 
Beans, baked in a hole, 170 
Beginnings of Camp Fire, 10 
Bibliography, 216-220 
Big Honors, 22 
Bird Hunt Breakfast, 138 
Blisters, Treatment for, 194 
Book Stall (Bibliography) 216-220 
Building the Fire, 159 
Burns and Sunburn, 197 
Businesslike Business Meetings, 111 

Camp Fire, Growing In, 63 
Camp Fire, Idea of, 9 
Camp Fire Ideals, 9 
Camp Fire Girl, How to Become a, 
13 

Camp Fire Girl, What Kind are 
You? 118 

Camp Fire, Outfitting Company, 221 
Camp Honors, 180-183 
Camping Do’s and Don’ts, 172-177 
Camps, Permanent, 178 
Ceremonial Gown, 84 
Decoration of, 86-87 
When to be worn, 86 
Cheers, 215 
Chicken, Imu, 168 
Choosing Camp Fire names, 81 
Choosing New Members, 104 
Citizenship for Girls, 206 
Cleanliness, Inside and Out, 123 
Code for Elective Honors, 23 
Community Entertainments, 209 
Community Fireplaces, 207 
Community Houses, 207 
Cooperation with other Organiza¬ 
tions, 210 

Council Fire, 98-103 

Council Fire, Grand, 100 

Council Fire, What to wear at, 102 

Crafts, The Seven, 19 

Credo, a Re-dedication, 6 

Daughter-Dad Hike, 157 
Dues, 15 

Etiquette of Camp, 120 
Everybody Can Camp, 158-187 
Everygirl’s Magazine, 212 
Expenses, Earning group, 116 
Explanation of Headbands, 94-97 
Eye, Something In, 196 

Faggot Finder, 180 
Feet, care of, 193 

Fire, a Candle Lighting Ceremony, 

102 


Fire Control and Cleaning Up, 161 
Fire Lore, 183 

Fire, Making with rubbing sticks, 
186 _ 

Fire, Ceremonial, 184 
Fires, Community, 186 
Fires, Kinds, 162 
Fire Maker’s Desire, 69 
Fire Maker, Requirements for, 67- 
71 

Fires, Parent, 185 
Fun Indoors, 198-205 

Girl and Group, parts of something 
bigger,^ 11 

Gown Decoration, 86-87 
Gown, when to be worn, 86 
Grand Council Fire, 100 
Group, The, 13 
Guardian, The, 13 
Gypsy, Honor, 180 

Hand Sign, 64 

Headbands, Explanation of Draw¬ 
ings, 94-97 

Headband, How to Make, 131 
Health, 122 
Honors, 19 
Honors, Big, 22 
Honors, Business, 47 
Honors, Camp, 36 
Honor Certificate Blanks, 23 
Honors, Citizenship, 50 
Honors, Hand, 40 
Honors, Hand Craft, special Camp, 
181 

Honors, Health, 32 
Honors, submitting material for 
National, 62 
Honors, Home, 26 
Honors, Local, 23 
Honors, National, 57 
Honor, National Health, 59 
Honor, National Thrift, 60 
Honors, Nature Lore. 43 
Honor, Nature Lore Camp, 182 
Honor, Needlework Guild, 60 
Honors, Required, 21 
Honors, Special Camping, 179-183 
(Fagot Finder, Trail Maker, 
Gypsy) 

Houses, Community, 207 

Idea of Camp Fire, 9 
Insect Bites, 197 
Insignia of Camp Fire, 213 

Kabobs, 170 


Z22 


Index 


223 


Law, The Camp Fire, 4 
Leader of the Group, 13 
Leather Work, 133 
Let’s Be Businesslike, 104-115 

Magazine, Your Own, 212 
Map Making, 147-152 
Meals to cook in open, 163-167 
Meetings, 18 

Meetings, where held, 18 
Members, Absent, 16 
Members, Transferred, 17 
Membership, Requirements for, 63 
Menus, outdoor, 163-167 \ 

Moons, Months in, 110 
Mother-Daughter Banquets, 204 

Names, Choosing Camp Fire, 81 
Names, suggestions for, 90-97 
Nature Games, 141 
Nature Record Books or Diaries, 
139 

Needlework Guild Honor, 60 
Needlework Guild, Requirements for 
Membership, 61 

Organization, 13-18 
Ounce of Cure, 194 
Outdoor Cooking, 159 

Parks, 208 ' 

Patriotism, 210 

Play, How to make it a success, 198 
Poison, Ivy, 197 

Poisonous, Eating something. 196 
Politeness is to do and say, 119 
Posture, 124 

Prevention, The pound of, 188-197 


Ranks: 

Wood Gatherer, 65 
Fire Maker, 65 
Torch Bearer, 71 

Records and Business Methods, 108 
Re-dedication, a Credo, 6 
Rules, Do You Want Them? 112 

Sharp, swallowing something, 196 
Shoes, 126 % 

Singing and Singing Contests, 202 
Sleep, Do you get enough, 122 
Songs and Cheers, 214-215 
Stencilling, 129 
Stole, Why not make? 132 
Summer Sports, 142-153 
Supplies, 17 
Swimming, 142-144 
Swimming Tests, 145-146 
Symbolism, 79 

Symbolism of Camp Fire names, 80 

Thrift Chart, There is a, 126 
Tie-Dyeing, 132 
Torch Bearer’s Desire, 72 
Torch Bearer, Requirements for, 
73-78 

Trail Maker, 180 
Trail . Making, 152-153 
Treasure Hunts, 156 

Winter Carnivals, 154 
Winter Hiking, 155 
Winter Sports, 154-155 
Wohelo Order, 183 
Wood or Linoleum Cuts, 128 
Wood Gatherer, Requirements for, 
65 

Wood Gatherer’s Desire, 66 
Woods for Craft, 134-137 


CAMP FIRE EQUIPMENT 

The CAMP FIRE OUTFITTING COMPANY is the 
o^cial outfitter of the Camp Fire Girls, and only through 
this Organization can official articles he obtained. 

For extending this privilege, the Camp Fire Girls derive 
5% toward the support of the National Headquarters, 
from all sales of the Camp Fire Outfitting Company. 

FOR YOUR CEREMONIAL MEETINGS: Every 
Camp Fire Girl wants her own ceremonial gown, 
headband and moccasins. These hold the de¬ 
signs which symbolize her Camp Fire name, her 
achievements, and her desires. 

FOR IDENTIFICATION — Special Insignia: Girls 
are proud of Camp, Fire and want to wear the 
Wohelo Pin and the Ring to show that they are 
members. As they go on winning their ranks, 
they are entitled to wear the Fire Maker’s Brace¬ 
let and the Torch Bearer’s Pin. Sleeve emblems 
also indicate rank. And every Guardian, too, 
wants to wear the gold Guardian’s Pin. 

FOR HAND CRAFT, SYMBOLISM AND DESIGN: 

Bead looms, embroidery beads in great variety, 
large and small honor beads, leather fringe and 
thongs, and many other materials are supplied 
by the Outfitting Company. 

FOR THE TRAIL AND CAMP: A blue tarn and 
armband, with the crossed logs and fiame em¬ 
broidered in colors on each; middies, ties and 
bloomers; a fine camper’s knife and a compact, 
complete first-aid kit; all these and numerous 
' other things of interest to Camp Fire Girls are 
supplied by the Camp Fire Outfitting Company. 

Descriptive catalogue sent free upon request. 

THE CAMP FIRE OUTFITTING CO. 

197 Greene Street, New York City 




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